Abstract: An induction well logging apparatus and method is disclosed for determining dip and/or anisotropy parameters of formations surrounding a borehole. A transmitter is provided and includes a first transmitter coil having an axis which is substantially parallel to the borehole axis and a second transmitter coil having an axis which is substantially perpendicular to the borehole axis. A receiver is provided and includes first and second receiver coils having axes which are substantially mutually orthogonal. Each of the receiver coils is substantially perpendicular to the borehole axis. The transmitter and receiver are mounted in a mechanically passive manner on a support member adapted for movement through the borehole. The transmitter coils are energized in a manner which permits the separate detection at the receivers of the currents induced in the formations by each of the two transmitter coils.

Abstract: The invention is directed to induction logging apparatus and method for obtaining measurements dependent upon the vertical conductivity component of formations surrounding a borehole. The disclosed techniques can also be used to determine horizontal as well as vertical conductivity of the formations, and thereby achieve determination of formation anisotropy. A transmitter coil is provided with its axis substantially perpendicular to the borehole axis. A receiver coil is provided in spaced relation to the transmitter coil. The axis of the receiver coil is also substantially perpendicular to the borehole axis, and is preferably parallel to the axis of the transmitter coil. Means are provided for detecting signals induced in the receiver coil, these signals being a measure of the formation vertical conductivity. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the detecting means is operative to detect both the resistive and reactive components of the signals induced in the receiver coils.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a technique used for determining the mudcake-corrected water-filled porosity of formations surrounding a borehole, and which can also be used for determining the thickness of the mudcake formed on the borehole. Microwave electromagnetic energy is transmitted into the formations. Near and far receiving antennas are employed for receiving microwave electromagnetic energy from the formations. Means responsive to the outputs of the receiving antennas are provided for obtaining a travel-time-dependent differential measurement. Further means, responsive to the output of one of the antennas, are provided for obtaining a travel-time-dependent direct measurement. Finally, means are provided for determining the mudcake-corrected water-filled porosity of the formations from the differential and direct measurements. The mudcake thickness may also be determined from the differential and direct measurements.

Abstract: A hybrid integrated circuit for high output power having a conductive pattern on a ceramic substrate, a lead frame connected to said pattern, and electronic components mounted on said pattern wired with one another, has been found. When said conductive pattern has an inductor in a spiral shape, the same spiral pattern is conformed on the lead frame, and those two spiral patterns are overlapped. Thus, the resistance of the inductor is reduced since the conductive pattern and the lead frame pattern are connected parallel to each other. Then, a large current can be loaded to said inductance with only a small loss. As the material of the lead frame is cheap, the resultant hybrid integrated circuit can be manufactured at a lower cost.

Abstract: In a method of detecting sheets which do not have a genuine watermark (i.e. watermarks which result from variations in fibre distribution introduced during manufacture) the absorption of ultra-violet radiation is measured for each sheet in the area in which the watermark is expected to be present, and the transmittance of light by this area of the sheet is also measured. Sheets for which the absorption measurement does not show a substantially constant value, and sheets for which the light-transmittance shows a substantially constant value over the said area, are rejected. The absorption measurement is preferably effected by measuring the reflectance of ultra-violet radiation by the sheet, but the transmittance of ultra-violet radiation or the fluorescence of the sheet in the presence of ultra-violet radiation can also be measured. The measured value for the area can be compared with a reference value obtained by a measurement of the same parameter outside the watermark area.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of electrophotography wherein before exposure of a photosensitive element to a light image the element is subjected to a substantially uniform light irradiation to release a part of the charge carriers trapped in a photoconductive layer of the element, thereby controlling the potential of a latent image to be formed on the element within a range fit for the development of the latent image.

Abstract: A technique is provided for deleting those portions of a video program which are in color, thereby allowing a monochrome movie or the like to be continuously recorded on video tape without interruption. Since station breaks and commercials are almost invariably in color, the automatic deletion of the color portions of a broadcast serve to effectively delete those portions of the broadcast which are not the desired monochrome movie or other monochrome broadcast. The disclosure is applicable for use in conjunction with a video tape recorder having a pause mode of operation. The presence of color burst is detected in received television signals. Means responsive to the detection of color burst are provided for generating a deleting signal. The deleting signal is then used to activate the pause mode of the video tape recorder.

Abstract: Electrochemical method and associated apparatus permit carbonaceous materials to be gasified to carbon oxides under mild conditions with the attendant formation of fuels or high energy intermediates such as hydrogen, or light hydrocarbons and production of electric power.

Abstract: Advantageous operation can be achieved in a semiconductor heterostructure light emitting device by utilizing a single thin active layer which exhibits quantum size effects. It has been found that performance can be degraded by employing a single quantum layer that is thinner than a certain minimum thickness, this minimum thickness being about 100 angstroms, (the approximate carrier scattering path length). In one form of the invention, there is provided a semiconductor heterostructure device which includes first and second relatively wide bandgap semiconductor regions of opposite conductivity types. A single quantum well active layer is disposed between the first and second regions. The active layer is formed of a relatively narrow bandgap semiconductor having a thickness which is in the range of about 100 to 400 angstroms, and is preferably about 200 angstroms.

Abstract: Electrochemical gasification of carbonaceous materials by anodic oxidation produces oxides of carbon at the anode and hydrogen or metallic elements at the cathode of an electrolysis cell. In another embodiment carbonaceous materials are hydrogenated at the cathode by electrochemical reactions during which carbonaceous material may also be anodically reacted within the anode compartment of an electrolysis cell.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for inspecting a row of hollow pin receptacles in a housing to determine whether or not pins have been properly mounted in the receptacles. A collimated inspection light beam is directed toward one surface of the housing as it passes through an inspection position, so that the inspection beam successively impinges on the receptacles. A photodetector is disposed to face the opposing surface of the housing to receive light, if any, which has passed through the receptacles. Means responsive to the photodetector are provided for generating an output signal indicative of whether or not the pin has been properly mounted in the receptacle. The output signal generating means preferably comprises a threshold detector for detecting when the output of the photodetector exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of electrophotography wherein before exposure of a photosensitive element to a light image the element is subjected to a substantially uniform light irradiation to release a part of the charge carriers trapped in a photoconductive layer of the element, thereby controlling the potential of a latent image to be formed on the element within a range fit for the development of the latent image.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a system for storing and reproducing analog or digital information, such as television information. There is provided a recording disk having a mechanical guiding track formed in a spiral or circular pattern on a surface thereof.A signal recovery device is provided and includes mechanical tracking means to effect guiding along the mechanical guiding track of the disk. The signal recovery subsystem also includes an optical scanning means for scanning the optical records.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the signal recovery device includes mechanical driving means, synchronized with the optical scanning means, for engaging the guiding track and causing motion of the disk with respect to the signal recovery device. The disk is preferably mounted on a passive turntable, and rotation of the disk and turntable is achieved by the mechanical driving means of the signal recovery device acting directly on the disk.

Abstract: A selectable delay system for coupling between a plurality of elements and an input/output terminal, the relative delays between the input/output terminal and the individual elements being selectable under operator control. A single delay line is employed to obtain up to three different effective delay configurations that can be used, for example, to obtain three different focuses in an ultrasonic imaging system.

Abstract: Described is a heterostructure semiconductor device of sandwich type construction. The central layer exhibits high charge carrier mobility and a relatively narrow band gap characteristic. The outer sandwich layers exhibit low charge carrier mobilities and a larger band gap characteristic. Under quiescent conditions, the charge carriers from the outer sandwich layers reside in the central layer due to the "potential well" created by the band gap difference between the layers. The application of an appropriate electrical field to the central layer, aligned with the interface between the layers, causes a very rapid transfer of the electrons residing therein to the outer sandwich layers. This transfer results in the device exhibiting a negative resistance characteristic. Two and three terminal switching applications of the device are described as well as its application as a radiant energy detector.

Abstract: A method of countng a succession of sheets passing along a flow line (the sheets being normally spaced but including some overlapping sheets), comprises determining the position of a double thickness in relation to the total length of the sheet in the flow direction. A count of two is added to the count of sheets if the double thickness is found to be symmetrically placed in relation to the total length of the sensed "sheet" and has a length consistent with the amount by which two single sheets would have to overlap to have a total length equal to the sensed "sheet" length. If these requirements are not met, depending on the results of the measurements either a count of one is added or an error signal is generated.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an apparatus for ultrasonically investigating a section or slice of a body by transmitting ultrasonic energy into the body and determining the characteristics of the ultrasonic energy reflected therefrom. A transducer is coupled to an energizing means and generates a beam of ultrasonic energy. The beam is focused and scanned across the body being investigated along the plane of the slice of the body to be imaged. A feature of the present invention is that the ultrasound-generating transducer has a generally elliptical shape elongated along the direction of the scan. The result is a scanned focused spot which is elongated in a direction normal to the direction of scan. The thickness of the investigated "slice" is therefore substantially larger (preferably at least twice as large) as a resolution element in the direction of scan.

Abstract: A portable ultrasonic scanning module is disclosed which includes a fluid-tight enclosure having a window at about the front thereof and a reflective scanner at about the rear thereof and generally facing the window. A transducer is mounted in the enclosure frontwardly of the reflective scanner with the ultrasound-emitting face of the transducer generally facing the reflective scanner and being oriented with respect to the reflective scanner at a relatively acute angle such that the beam effectively "doubles-back" past itself during its excursion through the scanning module.

Abstract: A drop-out on an oblique video channel of a video recording magnetic tape is recognized by marking a signal on the voice channel relating to that drop-out. The marking signal on the voice channel is positioned on the line perpendicular to the moving direction of the tape, and the drop-out resides on said line. After developing the tape thus marked, the mark is first visually recognized, and the corresponding drop-out is detected also visually on said line.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a method and apparatus for determining a newborn infant's capability to orally accept nourishment. In accordance with the method of the invention, a test nipple is inserted in the mouth of an infant. Further method steps comprise measuring the suction which the infant applies to the test nipple, and measuring the expression force which the infant applies to the test nipple. The infant's capability of orally accepting nourishment is then determined as a function of the measured suction and expression. In accordance with the apparatus of the invention, there is provided a test nipple, and first and second transducers adapted for coupling to the test nipple. The first transducer is operative to generate a suction-indicative electrical signal, and the second transducer is operative to generate an expression-indicative electrical signal. A timing circuit is provided for defining successive time intervals.