Abstract: A process for making a thermally stable and substantially low yellow polyvinyl alcohol, and a process for reversing discoloration of polyvinyl alcohol. The process consists of treating polyvinyl acetate before saponification or treating polyvinyl alcohol after saponification with a small amount of a reducing phosphorus-containing compound and, optionally, a trace amount of a peroxide. This invention is particularly useful in producing low molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol which is thermally stable and low in yellow color.

Abstract: 3-{N-[2-(N',N'-dimethylamino ethoxy)ethyl]-N-methylamino}propionamide is a new compound which is useful as a catalyst in the production of polyurethane foams.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of methylcyclohexane diamine wherein meta-toluenediamine is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. The improvement resides in utilizing a hydrogenation catalyst comprising rhodium carried on a support and carrying out the hydrogenation in the presence of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 secondary alcohol as a solvent. With the use of rhodium carried on a support as a catalyst, coupled with the use of the secondary alcohol solvent, one obtains high yields with excellent catalyst life.

Abstract: A process for the production of aliphatic amines by reacting aliphatic alcohols with an amino compound in the presence of a catalyst containing at least two inter-dispersed metals, in a multi-metallic structure, in which at least one of the metals is nickel or cobalt, and at least one other metal is palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, or copper.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a process for the production of an alkyl formamide, wherein a gas-containing carbon monoxide is reacted at elevated temperature and pressure in reaction zone with a nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia, a primary or secondary alkylamine, in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst. The improvement comprises utilizing a solvent comprising a polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylenepropylene glycol, or mixtures, and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alkoxide of a polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylenepropylene glycol or mixtures as the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the production of predominantly primary and secondary amines and little or no tertiary amines by the reductive amination of aliphatic alcohols using a metal exchanged crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst. The catalyst has a silica/alumina ratio ranging from about 10:1 to 40:1, contains about 1 to 10% by weight of cobalt or nickel and about 0.05 to 5% by weight of at least one other metal. High conversion rates are achieved at moderate temperatures and pressures.

Abstract: An improved method of preparing polyurethane foam by reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyol in the presence of water and a combination of a gelling catalyst and a blowing catalyst, in which the blowing catalyst is a compound represented by the following formulae:?M(L.sup.1)(L.sup.2)(L.sup.3)(L.sup.4)!.sub.n?M(L.sup.1)(L.sup.2)(L.sup.3)!.sub.n?M(L.sup.1)(L.sup.2)!.sub.n?M(L.sup.1)!.sub.nwherein M is titanium, zirconium, or hafnium; n ranges from 1 to 20; and each of L.sup.1, L.sup.2, L.sup.3, and L.sup.

Abstract: Improved aqueous emulsion vinyl acetate-ethylene (VAE) polymer adhesives for use in packaging applications and on difficult to bond surfaces such as polyethylene, poly(ethylene terephthalate), and oriented polypropylene. The VAE polymers contain about 55-80 wt % vinyl acetate, 15-45 wt % ethylene, and 0-30 wt % of one or more additional ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer, based on the total weight of monomers. Cast films of the VAE emulsion polymers of this invention should have a tensile storage modulus (test frequency of 6.28 rad/sec) within the area encompassed by the following data points: 1.times.10.sup.5 and 2.times.10.sup.7 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 23.degree. C., and 1.times.10.sup.3 and 2.times.10.sup.6 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 70.degree. C.; preferably within the area encompassed by the following data points: 1.times.10.sup.6 and 1.5.times.10.sup.7 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 23.degree. C., and 3.times.10.sup.4 and 9.times.10.sup.5 dynes/cm.sup.2 at 70.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for removing nitrocresols in a crude aqueous alkaline dinitrotoluene wash stream derived by nitration of toluene using a mixed acid technique followed by treatment with aqueous alkaline material in which the crude aqueous alkaline dinitrotoluene wash stream is mixed with a dilute oxidizing acid such as nitric acid, heated to 130.degree. to 180.degree. C. for a period of time required to reduce the nitrocresols to a level at which it does not precipitate from the mixed acidic wash stream at temperatures above about 60.degree. C., and removing the remaining nitrocresols by conventional methods such as adsorption or activated sludge biotreatment.

Abstract: Vinyl naphthenate monomer mixtures are prepared by transvinylation of naphthenic acid in the presence of a catalyst of a palladium carboxylate complexed with one or more aryl N-containing ligands and distilling the resulting vinyl naphthenate monomers in the presence of the catalyst at pot temperatures exceeding 80.degree. C. The catalyst is stable and can be re-used over several transvinylation reaction runs.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an improved process for producing plastic containers with excellent resistance to permeation by solvents such as hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon fuels, and hydrocarbon fuels with organic additives including lower alkanols and ethers consistently and reliably. The process is related to a multi-step treatment of plastic containers in a controlled manner with fluorine containing gases while blow molding them. In the process of the present invention, a parison is formed from a pre-heated thermoplastic material, expanded within a closed mold by means of an inflating gas for conforming the parison to the shape of the mold, and subjected to multiple fluorination treatment steps to effect fluorination of the interior surface of the parison. In the first step of the multi-step fluorination treatment the parison is pressurized with a reactive gas containing from about 0.05 to about 0.

Abstract: Improved selectivity to tertiary amine production is obtained by the addition of an aliphatic or aromatic halide to the feed during the catalytic hydrogenation of saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or cycloaliphatic nitriles.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in a process for the production of amines and particularly secondary amines by the hydrogenation of aliphatic and aromatic nitriles. The improvement resides in the use of a multi-metallic catalyst, preferably a bimetallic catalyst comprising nickel or cobalt in combination with rhodium, ruthenium or palladium. Optionally, the catalyst is carried on an alumina support.

Abstract: This invention relates to a release coating for pressure sensitive adhesive designed primarily for use on paper and textile substrates. The basic release coating comprises a latex containing polymer material and a release additive. The improvement in the basic release coating comprises the incorporation of a polyamide resin having a softening point of less than 70.degree. C. as a release additive. Preferably, the polyamide resin is a dimer fatty acid reacted with an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amine.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved hydrogenation process wherein aromatic amines are hydrogenated to their ring hydrogenated counterparts using an improved rhodium catalyst. The aromatic amines are represented by the formulas: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 aliphatic, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or C.sub.1-6 aliphatic, A is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, n is 0 or 1, x is 1-3 and y is 1 to 2 except the sum of the y groups in Formula I excluding A may be 1.The rhodium catalyst is carried on a support selected from the group consisting of TiAl.sub.2 O.sub.5, TiSrO.sub.3 and TiSiO.sub.4.

Abstract: This invention relates to improved on component polyepoxide resins having enhanced physical and elastic properties. The polyepoxides resins comprise a polyepoxide resin based on a polyglycidyl ether of a phenolic type compound and a latent amine curative. The improvement in the polyepoxide resin formulation comprises incorporating an ester component having monofunctional reactivity with an amine hydrogen and a latent amine curative having from 3 to 10, and preferably 3 to 5 epoxide reactive hydrogen atoms into the epoxy resin. The glycidyl ester of versatic acid is preferred.

Abstract: An adsorbent and a process for its use in removing trace oxygen from an inert gas. The adsorbent comprises a porous reducing support such as activated carbon, carbon black, coal, petroleum coke and titania which is impregnated with about 10% to about 90% by weight of an alkali metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved process for the batch polymerization, neat, of a monomer system comprising N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer utilizing an oil soluble,-thermally activated, free radical initiator. The improvement for reducing the monomer level from about 1 to 2% by weight of the polymerization product to a level below about 0.2 and preferably below about 0.1% by weight of the polymerization reaction product comprises continuously adding an oil soluble azo type free radical generating catalyst to the polymerization reaction product and establishing and maintaining the polymerization reaction product containing residual monomer at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect substantial polymerization of the residual monomer. Typically the oil soluble, azo type free radical generating catalyst is azobis(isobutyronitrile).

Abstract: This invention relates to improved one part polyepoxide resins which are tough and have enhanced flexible and elastic properties. The polyepoxide resins comprise a polyepoxide resin based on a polyglycidyl ether of a phenol, an oxazolidone toughener and a latent amine curative. The improvement in the polyepoxide resin formulation comprises incorporating an oxazolidone toughener represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is the residue of an aliphatic glycol or aliphatic ether glycol having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for preparing aqueous polymer emulsions by effecting polymerization of vinyl monomers in the presence of a stabilizing amount of a water soluble poly(N-vinylformamide) containing polymer as a protective colloid and aqueous polymer emulsions containing poly(N-vinylformamide) stablizer.