Abstract: A boron-containing nickel or cobalt spray-and-fuse self-fluxing alloy powder contains hard precipitates of chromium boride and, optionally, chromium carbide which are internally precipitated from a melt of said alloy. Such alloy powder is made by atomizing the melt at about the temperature at which the melt is viscous.

Abstract: An aqueous ferrous sulfate waste stream is converted into sludge and improved water effluent by a preferably ambient indoor temperature and pressure flow process comprising: turbulently mixing said stream with a substantial excess of gaseous oxygen and a small excess of impalpable calcium carbonate in a reaction zone until the iron content of said stream is virtually all sludged; classifying resulting sludge into a coarser solids fraction (a portion of which is recycled to the sludging operation) and an aqueous suspension of finer solids; and separating finer solids from such aqueous suspension. As such streams usually contain free sulfuric acid, it is desirable to first precipitate from the stream a primary gypsum product by neutralization prior to such sludging operation.

Abstract: Ferruginous titaniferous material is chlorinated with chlorine for producing a product stream of titanium chlorides and by-product metallic iron in a laminar flow process.

Abstract: A resinous polyelectrolyte, especially suitable for use as a tackifier in latex adhesives, comprises an ionizable resinous mixture which is ionized with a volatile ionizing agent, said ionizable resinous mixture being the reaction product of a rosin, a carboxylic acid, and a C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 mono-alcohol, said ionizable resinous mixture having a softening point not substantially above about 125.degree. C. and an acid number of between about 30 and 150, said reaction product comprising the carbocyclic nucleus of rosin having at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one carboxylic acid ester group of said mono-alcohol.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel diphosphonic acids and diphosphonic acid esters of para-menthane which may be prepared by reacting .alpha.-pinene or .beta.-pinene with a dialkyl hydrogen phosphite under effective free-radical conditions.These products are potentially useful as flame retardants and are useful as treating agents for improving the pigmentary properties of pigmentary titanium dioxide in thermoplastic formulations.

Abstract: Hydrogenated fatty acids are produced by hydrogenating a crude glyceride oil and splitting the resulting hydrogenated crude glyceride oil into component hydrogenated fatty acid and glycerine.

Abstract: Unrefined or crude glyceride oil is hydrogenated in rapid fashion in the presence of nickel hydrogenation catalyst and of copper chromite adjunct catalyst. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a nickel-only secondary hydrogenation stage follows for making a stearine in extremely rapid fashion.

Abstract: An electrocoating composition containing a polymer having pendant amine groups, an alpha-, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carbonyl cross-linking agent, and an ultraviolet photosensitizer can be electrodeposited onto a cathode substrate disposed within an aqueous electrocoating bath. The amine groups of the polymer are protonated to render the polymer water dispersible prior to electrodeposition and upon electrodeposition the amine groups become de-protonated. The cross-linking agent cross-links the polymer upon ultraviolet irradiation of the electrocoated cathode substrate to form a fully-cured electrodeposited coating on the cathode substrate.

Abstract: A flow process for conjugating unconjugated unsaturation of fatty acids in the presence of alkali metal hydroxide under at least autogenic pressure at elevated temperature with control of the cis/trans to trans/trans ratio of the conjugated fatty acid product.

Abstract: A beta-, gamma-unsaturated cycloalkenol contaminated with an acid-forming moiety is catalytically isomerized to a cycloalkanone in the presence of copper chromite catalyst and an insoluble base which suppresses the acid-forming moiety during the isomerization.

Abstract: An acid-solubilized aqueous dispersion particularly suitable for use in the cathodic electrocoating art and stable up to pH of about 9 comprises the product of reacting substantially all of the epoxide groups of a polyether diepoxide with from about 1.25 to 2 moles of a polyamine having from 2 to 5 amine groups to form a precursor adduct and subsequently reacting this precursor adduct with about 0.2 to 2 moles of a mono-epoxide having a hydrolysis-resistant normal alkyl group of at least 4 carbon atoms to form a substantially epoxy-free polyamino polyhydroxy polyether resinous adduct, a sufficient proportion of the amine groups of said polyamine being primary or secondary to provide an amino hydrogen for reaction with every epoxide group of both the diepoxide and the mono-epoxide, and about 0.05 to 0.4 weight parts (per part of the resinous adduct) of an aminoplast resin having at least about one gram-equivalent of carboxylic acid groups with pK.sub.

Abstract: Aqueous heat-curable coating compositions comprise polyester resin, aminoplast resin, and an allyl ether of a diol or triol wherein the allyl ether alcohol functions as a conventional co-solvent for aiding in dispersing the polyester resin in water and under curing conditions becomes an integral part of the cured coating.

Abstract: Heat cured coatings cathodically electrodeposited from an aqueous dispersion of (a) an ionized reaction product of an epoxy resin and a monoamino alcohol or phenol, said reaction product also having a pendant hydrocarbon group, (b) an acid-functional aminoplast resin, and (c) a water soluble acid solubilizer, where the dispersion is free from water soluble acid which will be retained in the heat cured resinous coating are found to provide exceptional resistance to corrosion of ferrous metal substrates upon exposure to salt spray or detergent solutions.

Abstract: A pourable, whippable, edible emulsion, containing about 45 to 60% water, 20 to 30% fat, 7 to 20% sweetener, 0.5 to 2.5% dispersible protein, 0.1 to 0.75% thickener, 0.1 to 1.0% buffer and 0.75 to 2.5% emulsifier, where the emulsifier has a major proportion of propylene glycol monostearate or hexaglycerol distearate in the range from 0.5 to 1.5% and a minor proportion of a combination of ethoxylated sorbitan ester in the range from 0.3 to 0.6%, sorbitan monostearate in the range from 0.05 to 0.25% and lecithin in the range from 0 to 0.15%, is stable against separation and/or gelation for at least one year at room temperature under aseptic conditions and whippable to at least 200% overrun from about 40.degree. to 100.degree. F.

Abstract: Substantial benefits and economies are realized in a process for obtaining free fatty acids from soap stock by first acidulating the soap stock to liberate fatty acids from the soap present, separating the resulting first acid oil and aqueous saline phases, recovering free fatty acids by vacuum distillation from this first acid oil phase, saponifyng the glyceride-rich still residue to generate additional soap, acidulating the saponified product to liberate additional fatty acids therefrom and separating the resulting second acid oil and aqueous saline phases. These additional fatty acids can be recovered as free acids by vacuum distillation from the separated second acid oil phase. It is sometimes advantageous to neutralize residual mineral acid in the first acid oil phase before distillation.

Abstract: Ferric chloride from the selective chlorination of titaniferous material such as ilmenite is partially oxidized to obtain a chlorine-rich stream and byproduct iron oxide. Unreacted ferric chloride is separated as solid particles from said stream and at least a portion of said particles are returned to the chlorination operation for absorbing heat generated in such operation.

Abstract: A flux for metal casting comprising an intimate blend of two parts is described. One part comprises a glass network former vitrified with a fluxing agent therefor, while the other part comprises a fluorine-providing material, said two parts being proportioned to provide on melting in the casting operation a glass of the desired fluorine content.

Abstract: A solar air heater comprises in array a plurality of structurally rigid, air-canalizing modular ducts communicating in parallel flow with a common header, each duct being about 4-6 meters long, about 1.2 meters wide, and about 100-650 cm.sup.2 in cross sectional area of its bottom plenum air passageway, and having a top, low velocity air plenum between a transparent cover and a solar heat collector element, and a bottom, higher velocity walled air plenum between said collector element and the base of the duct.

Abstract: Heat cured coatings cathodically electrodeposited from an aqueous dispersion of (a) an ionized reaction product of an epoxy resin and a monoamino alcohol or phenol, said reaction product also having a pendant hydrocarbon group, (b) an acid-functional aminoplast resin, and (c) a water soluble acid solubilizer, where the dispersion is free from water soluble acid which will be retained in the heat cured resinous coating are found to provide exceptional resistance to corrosion of ferrous metal substrates upon exposure to salt spray or detergent solutions.

Abstract: Copolymer substantially free from compositional drift can be produced in a batch-type addition copolymerization process to a high degree of conversion by initiating the reaction in a monomer-containing phase (optionally dispersed in another phase of a reaction mixture) containing the monomers at mole ratios f.sub.i such that the monomers will initially be incorporated into copolymer at the desired mole ratios F.sub.i and sustaining the reaction while simultaneously controlling the addition each monomer to the phase in which the copolymerization reaction is continuing according to the relationQ.sub.i = f.sub.i Q.sub.0 + (F.sub.i - f.sub.i Q.sub.0 /Q.sub..infin.)Z,where Q.sub.i is the running cumulative moles of monomer i added to the phase in which reaction is occurring (including that initially present), Q.sub.0 is the total moles of all monomers initially present in that phase, Q.sub..infin.