Abstract: A memory controller to generate refresh requests for by storing the status of memory rows and an arithmetic logic unit to store a second status of all the memory rows of all the memory devices in the system memory configuration. A second logic unit stores the open status of the plurality of memory banks. The third logic generates a refresh request based on the open status and the second status in response to a refresh frequency.
Abstract: A circuit, an integrated flip flop, to receive an input in response to a clock signal. The integrated flip flop has a first and second slave latch and a master latch. The first slave latch receives an output from the master latch in response to the clock signal and a control signal for a first test mode of operation. The second slave latch receives an output from the master latch in response to the clock signal in one of a second test mode of operation or a normal functional mode of operation.