Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus that includes a turbine and a compressor with rotors mounted on and fixed to a common rotatable shaft with a heat exchanger located between the turbine and the compressor. The air conditioning apparatus turbine has an inlet that is connected to a source of air such as aircraft ram air the outlet from the turbine and is positioned to direct outlet air from the turbine to the heat exchanger. The compressor which is located adjacent to and downstream from the heat exchanger has an inlet that is positioned to receive air exiting from the heat exchanger. In one embodiment, no external power is necessary to obtain cooling of liquid coolant located within the heat exchanger that is integral with the air conditioning apparatus and another embodiment includes test equipment.

Abstract: A firearm handgun grip portion invention that includes the handgun grip portion of a handgun frame with a forward grip portion and a rear grip portion with the rear grip portion having connecting means for removably connecting a plurality of removable and replaceable grip portions to the rear grip portion of the handgun frame. The removable and replaceable grip portions are connected to and removed from the handgun grip portion of a handgun frame through a sliding motion with a projecting rib portion on the handgun grip portion sliding into and out of slots located in the removable and replaceable grip portions. Portions of the removable and replaceable grip portions are retained in a well to prevent them from spreading under pressure. The removable and replaceable grip portions have different configurations including grip portions with different sizes and different shapes, including the shape of another type of handgun such as the well known Model 1911 pistol.

Abstract: A scarifier assembly including a generally rectangular shaped case with a hollow interior, a resilient generally rectangular pad located in the hollow interior of the case, and a removable work performing surface insert having work surfaces for grinding, cutting or abrading materials. The work performing surface insert includes a generally rectangular shaped flat mounting plate member having two oppositely located end portions with connected projecting securing means for removably securing the work performing surface insert in the case. The case also has two end portions and these end portions that have securing means for cooperating with the projecting securing means on the end portions of the mounting plate member for securing the work performing surface insert to the case. The mounting plate member has an upper surface and a lower surface with a series of elongated mounting blocks having work performing surfaces firmly secured to the upper surface.

Abstract: Redundant valve apparatus including a first valve seat and a second valve seat located in the fluid passage of a hollow valve body between the inlet portion of the fluid passage and the outlet portion of the fluid passage and a poppet member having valve seat sealing surfaces for cooperating with and sealing the first valve seat and the second valve seat. One of the valve seats is fixed within the hollow valve body and the other valve seat is movable within the hollow valve body. The redundant valve apparatus also includes an actuator nut for controlling the operation of the poppet member and for moving the movable valve seat to cause the valve seat sealing surfaces on the poppet member to sequentially engage one valve seat and then the other valve seat.

Abstract: A grinder disc, insert holder and insert assembly including a grinder disc with a plurality of grinder insert holders for grinder inserts for grinding and the like. The assembly includes a grinder insert holder having a holder case with a hollow interior an open end portion and a closed end portion with and an end wall, and a resilient pad sized and shaped to be located in the hollow interior of the case adjacent to the end wall. The assembly includes a grinder insert. The insert is sized and shaped to permit it to slide into the holder case. A plurality of grinder insert holders are attached in a symmetric pattern to the outer edge portion of the disc with the open end portions facing in the direction of rotation of the disc.

Abstract: An abrading machine braking system for use in braking a wheeled abrading machine having a rotating abrading tool used in abrading a surface. The abrading machine braking system uses two braking wheels that engage the surface of the wheels of the abrading machine and the braking wheels are fixed to the respective ends of a brake axle that is in turn coupled to a brake cylinder assembly. The brake cylinder assembly contains a plurality of steel discs that are keyed to a lengthwise slot in the brake axle so that the discs rotate with the axial. A plastic braking disc is located adjacent to one of the steel discs within the brake cylinder assembly and provides a braking force that is transmitted to the two brake wheels through the brake axle. A brake release handle is used to bring the braking wheels into contact with the wheels on the abrading machine and to remove them from contact with the abrading machine wheels.

Abstract: An elevation adjustable firearm front sight with user changeable sighting elements that includes a lower rotatable front sight insert member adapted to be secured to a firearm front sight base and an upper front sight insert member rotatably secured to the upper portion of the lower rotatable front sight insert member. The front sight insert member has a plurality of front sight elements that are selectable by the firearm user by rotating the upper front sight insert member that is rotatably secured to the upper portion of the lower rotatable front sight insert member. This sight has provisions for permitting the user to select the front sight element by rotating the front sight mounting member without changing the elevation setting of the front sight.

Abstract: An air filter sensor kit and method of using the same for permitting a person to modify the filtering portion of a heating or cooling system that uses an air filter to enable the determination of when the air filter is dirty and needs changing. The air filter sensor kit includes an air filter sensor with a portion shaped for insertion through the air filter and a portion with an indicator for indicating the condition of the air filter. The kit includes an air filter sensor connecting and support member for connecting the air filter sensor to an air filter grill and for supporting the air filter sensor and a cutting tool for cutting a hole in an air filter grill to allow the passage of a portion of the air filter sensor connecting and support member to permit a portion of the air filter sensor to be inserted through the air filter. The air filter sensor kit also includes a cutting tool guide that is adjustable to conform to various configurations of air filter grills.

Abstract: A firearm buffer system that reduces the rate of fire of a full automatic firearm that has a gas port wear and reduces the adverse effect of bolt bounce. The firearm buffer system includes a buffer assembly that has an elongated buffer body having an elongated hollow interior with a dosed end and an open end and a plurality of weights sized and shaped to reciprocate in the elongated hollow interior of the buffer body. Springs are located in the elongated hollow interior of the buffer body for positioning at least some of the weights apart from each other and a movable buffer plunger is reciprocally mounted in the open end of the elongated hollow interior of the buffer body. The movable buffer plunger is sized so that it does not come into operation until a predetermined amount of wear occurs at the firearm's gas port. In one embodiment a spacer member is provided to permit the buffer assembly to be used with a firearm having a full sized buttstock.

Abstract: Firearm barrel change apparatus for a firearm having a receiver and a barrel with a portion configured to slide into the receiver. The firearm barrel change apparatus also includes a barrel receiving nut having provisions for slidably receiving the inner portion of a firearm barrel and a barrel retention member. The barrel retention member has a portion thereof sized and shaped to cooperate with the barrel receiving nut to lock the firearm barrel to the receiver. A special handguard assembly is also provided that allows the barrel retention member to be used with the barrel receiving nut without removing the handguard assembly.

Abstract: Aircraft air control valve apparatus for controlling the flow of pressurized aircraft engine bleed air. The control valve apparatus includes a hollow housing with two end portions with each end portion having an aperture located therein with one end portion being connected to a source of pressurized aircraft engine bleed air. A shut-off valve is located in one end portion of the hollow housing for starting and stopping the flow of pressurized aircraft engine bleed air through the hollow housing and a modulating valve is located in the other end portion of the hollow housing for modulating the flow of pressurized aircraft engine bleed air through the hollow housing. The shut-off valve and the modulating valve are operated by the use of pressurized aircraft engine bleed air.

Abstract: A collapsible bait fish trap for catching live bait fish in a body of water. The fish trap has an elongated hollow fish enclosure formed from two connected generally conical shaped portions. Each generally conical shaped portion has a connectable inner portion and an outer end portion having an inward extending funnel member portion with a funnel aperture for permitting the passage of bait fish for funneling or channeling bait fish into the interior of the elongated hollow fish enclosure. The outer end portions of the conical shaped portions have a series of apertures for allowing water to pass into the interior of the elongated hollow fish enclosure. The generally conical shaped portions can be disconnected and nestled together for transportation purposes or for storage purposes.

Abstract: Nozzle control apparatus for an axial flow air turbine having an inlet nozzle for air entering the turbine and an associated turbine inlet housing for channeling air flowing to the inlet nozzle for at least partially blocking air flow from the turbine inlet housing to the turbine inlet nozzle. The nozzle control apparatus uses an axially movable annular slider member that is biased to its open position by an annular spring and is moved axially by bleed air pressure exerted on a portion of the annular slider member.

Abstract: A firearm sight mount with a sight mount body configured for clamping on the outside of a firearm barrel. In one embodiment the sight mount has a unitary sight mount body that is split to permit the body to be slipped past any existing front sight on the firearm barrel. The split construction of the sight mount body permits it to be clamped to firearm barrels having different outside diameters and tapers. The other embodiments use a two piece body that are configured to be clamped to firearm barrels having different outside diameters and tapers and in one of these embodiments provision is made for the sight mount to fit around a rib on the barrel. In all embodiments, the sight mount body has a flat rectangular shaped mounting surface with short cylindrical projections sized and shaped to mesh with corresponding holes in the sight and hold the sight in place. Two screw holes are also provided in the mounting surface for holding the sight to the mounting surface.

Abstract: A charging handle for a firearm having a receiver, a bolt and bolt carrier reciprocating within the receiver and a gas tube for directing powder gases to cause operation of the bolt carrier and bolt within the receiver. The charging handle is a generally elongated member having a forward end portion and a rearward end portion with the rearward portion having a portion that extends outside of the receiver that is sized, shaped and adapted to be grasped by a hand of a shooter using the firearm. The charging handle has grooves and gas deflecting surfaces for diverting and deflecting powder gases to protect the shooter from powder gases that may develop around the charging handle when the firearm is fired.