Abstract: Methods are provided for intramuscular needle diagnosis and treatment of muscle pain that is the result of sympathetically mediated spindle spasm. Two simultaneous needle EMG needle recordings are used to establish the presence of and magnitude of the "trigger points" in painful muscle. The abnormal muscle activity so identified is then treated by blocking the sympathetic activation of the muscle with an agent that inhibits sympathetic transmission.

Abstract: Halovinyloxy-substituted dioxane derivatives of the formula I in which R, X, Y and n are as defined in claim 1, are useful as components of liquid-crystalline media, and in liquid-crystal and electro-optical display elements which contain the novel liquid-crystalline media.

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for isomerising a feed containing essentially hydrocarbons, preferably paraffins containing principally 4 to 8, preferably princiapply to 6 and more principally 5 and/or 6 carbon atoms per molecule, comprising a fractionation zone and at least two isomersation reaction zones, said process comprising carrying out the following steps:(1) sending the feed to a fractionation zone;(2) drawing off at least a portion of the liquid circulating in said zone, via at least two draw-off levels; and(3) sending the major portion of the liquid drawn off in step (2) to at least two isomerisation zones, each isomerisation zone being associated with a draw-off level.

Abstract: Supertwist liquid-crystal displays having excellent properties are obtained if the nematic liquid-crystal mixture comprises at least one compound of the formula I ##STR1## and at least one compound of the formula I' ##STR2## in which Alkenyl is an alkenyl radical having 2 to 7 carbon atoms,R is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, in which, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH.sub.2 groups may be replaced by --O--, --CH.dbd.CH--, --CO--, --OCO-- or --COO--,b is 0 or 1, andL.sup.2 is H or F.

Abstract: A process for CVD coating of a hollow body with a barrier layer, comprising measuring the temperature inside of the body by igniting plasma within said body with at least one ignition pulse and correlating the time between the ignition pulse and a pulse of light given off by plasma ignition, and a device for carrying out such a process.

Abstract: A conductive circuit board is prepared by forming a film of organopolysilane having a H-Si bond on a substrate, selectively exposing the organopolysilane film to light to form a photo-crosslinked layer in exposed areas, dissolving away unexposed areas, and contacting a silver salt with the photo-crosslinked layer and reducing the silver salt to form a silver conductive layer thereon. A conductive circuit board comprising a circuit-patterned film of photo-crosslinked polymer on a substrate and a silver conductive layer on the film has high and stable electric property.

Abstract: For selectively removing nitrogen oxides from a carrier gas that contains hydrocarbons, the nitrogen oxides are removed by chemisorption on metal oxides, without the occurrence of undesirable secondary reactions. The metal oxides are preferably formed from metals of the 6th to 8th subgroups, whereby manganese dioxide (MnO.sub.2,) is especially preferred as a metal oxide. The process can be conducted with one or more reactor beds, which preferably operate at 10 to 40.degree. C. and are regenerated with nitrogen at a temperature of 130 to 170.degree. C.By removing nitrogen oxides from an olefin-rich gas, for example from the waste gas of an FCC unit, the resultant gas can then be fed to a cryogenic olefin extraction stage without danger of explosion.Such a waste gas contains unsaturated hydrocarbons, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and oxygen, the oxygen having a concentration preferably between 100 and 5000 mol ppm.

Abstract: Processes for the catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, or mixtures thereof (processes with one or more catalytic stages) and processes of abating the pollution produced by the exhaust gases of vehicles that run on natural gas using a non-selective oxidation catalyst. The non-selective oxidation catalyst comprises a monolithic substrate, a porous support with a refractory inorganic oxide base and an active phase that consists of cerium, zirconium, iron, and at least one metal that is selected from the group that is formed by palladium and platinum is described; with the porous support content being between 200 and 400 g per liter of catalyst; with the cerium content being between 0.3 and 20% by weight relative to the porous support; with the zirconium content being between 0.3 and 20% by weight relative to the porous support; with the iron content being between 0.01 and 3.

Abstract: A surface-treating agent for use in an inorganic pigment in which a metallic oxide layer and/or a hydrated metallic oxide layer is formed on the surface of said pigment, characterized in that said surface-treating agent contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of (1) a polyglycidyl ether compound, (2) a polyglycidyl ester compound, and (3) a diglycidyl polysiloxane compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it contains one or more compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## in which Hal is fluorine or chlorine and R is alkyl, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, in each case having up to 7 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Male menopause is characterized by significant decreases in serum levels of bioavailable androgens. The administration of aromatase inhibitors to men experiencing male menopause can remedy the relative androgen deficiency in men while at the same time approximating the physiological hormonal ratio of androgens to estrogens.

Abstract: A method of producing a hydrogen absorbing alloy powder, which comprises a step of treating a pulverized hydrogen absorbing alloy with a solution comprising a conjugated unsaturated compound having at least 5 conjugated .pi. bonds and a molecular weight of at least 100 and, prior to the this step, optionally comprises a step of treating a pulverized hydrogen absorbing alloy with a mineral acid or alkali; and an electrode using a hydrogen absorbing alloy powder produced by the aforesaid method.

Abstract: Compositions, methods and apparatus (kits) for treating petroleum and petro-chemical based contaminants within expended filtration components, wherein the filtration components are exposed to water and a small concentrated volume of dormant bio-oxidizing medium comprising freeze-dried microorganisms on a freeze-dried substrate.

Abstract: An electro-optical display device comprising a liquid crystal layer achieves switching using an electric field component which is predominantly parallel to the surface of the liquid crystal layer. Low dependence of image contrast on viewing angle is achieved by selection of parameters including orientation angle .beta..sub.o, and others, of the liquid crystal molecules in the layer.

Abstract: Heterocyclyl-benzoylguanidines of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and Het have the meanings given herein, and physiologically unobjectionable salts thereof, display antiarrhythmic properties and act as inhibitors of the cellular Na.sup.+ /H.sup.+ antiporter.

Abstract: The method and the apparatus are used to obtain oxygen and nitrogen at superatmospheric pressure by low-temperature separation of air in a rectification column system. Compressed and purified feed air (1, 3) is introduced into a pressure column (4). Liquids (5, 8) from the lower region and, respectively, from the upper or middle region of the pressure column (4) are fed into the low-pressure column (7). A third liquid fraction (17) from the lower region of the low-pressure column (7) is evaporated in indirect heat exchange (12) with condensing vapour (11) from the upper region of the pressure column (4), at least a portion of the vapour (22, 24, 26, 27) obtained in the process being introduced into the low-pressure column (7). Condensate (13) is fed into the pressure column (4); A pressurized nitrogen fraction (10, 14, 15) is extracted as product from the upper region of the pressure column (4).

Abstract: A process for the production of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclene) and its derivatives on an industrial scale comprises cyclotetramerizing of benzylaziridine that is produced in situ.

Abstract: The application relates to polyethylene and/or polypropylene foam moldings for packaging which consist of more than 50% of recycled material, and to a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: A simplified process for preparation of an alkenylsuccinimide or a polyalkenylsuccinimide is described, characterized in that it comprises successively: a stage (a) in which an alkenylsuccinic anhydride or a polyalkenylsuccinic anhydride is prepared by bringing about an ene-synthesis reaction between at least one olefin or one polyolefin and at least one unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride that is selected from maleic anhydride and the maleic anhydrides that are substituted by 1 or 2 methyl groups, characterized in that said reaction is carried out within at least one aromatic solvent that is selected from toluene and the xylenes that are used at a ratio of between 30 to 70% by weight of the reaction mixture and in which a fraction of said unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride does not react with said olefin or polyolefin; a stage (b) in which the product of stage (a) that contains unsaturated, unreacted dicarboxylic anhydride is reacted with at least one alcohol or an amine; and a stage (c) in which the product

Abstract: Flow inverter arrangements are provided for utilization in spin-on, liquid filter cartridges, such as lubricating oil filter cartridges and the like, wherein the filter cartridge structure normally used for "inside-out" flow is reversed to accommodate "outside-in" flow. Each embodiment of the invention utilizes a cylindrical wall disposed within the hollow core of a filter media, in spaced relation thereto, so as to define an annular space which is aligned with the input ports in the end plate of the housing. A filter media has a first end cap within an opening aligned with the central core so that liquid which is passed from the annular space and through the filter media can pass through the opening in the end cap and to the central port which is aligned with the hollow core of the filter media, but isolated from the filter media by the interior wall.