Abstract: The invention concerns a method for regulating the rotation speed, of a motor with which a digital rotation speed controller is associated and which, during operation, furnishes an actual-value signal for the rotation speed in the form of a rotation speed frequency signal, toward a target rotation speed setpoint defined in the form of a setpoint frequency signal, having the following steps: in a first time segment, a first numerical frequency value that characterizes the rotation speed of the motor is ascertained from the rotation speed frequency signal; in a second time segment that is substantially simultaneous with the first time segment, a second numerical frequency value that characterizes the frequency of the setpoint frequency signal is ascertained from the setpoint frequency signal; by means of the first and second numerical frequency values, the rotation speed of the motor is regulated in the digital rotation speed controller to a rotation speed that is associated with the setpoint frequency signal a

Abstract: An electronically commutated direct current machine comprising a rotor and a stator has a stator winding arrangement that can be supplied, via a full bridge circuit (78), with current from a direct current source (73, 74). A commutation arrangement (49, 50, 52, 54) is provided for commutating the semiconductor switches (1) (80 through 85) and is embodied in order, as a function of at least the position of the rotor (110), in a first bridge arm to switch on only one semiconductor switch in each case, and in a second bridge arm, controlled by a switching signal (PWM2), alternatingly to switch on and off a semiconductor switch associated with the switched-on semiconductor switch of the first bridge arm. Also provided is an arrangement for generating a switching definition signal (PWM1) which, by way of its magnitude, controls the pulse duty factor for the alternating switching on and off of the semiconductor switch associated with the first bridge arm.

Abstract: An arrangement having an electric motor (10) has a microcontroller (12) for influencing at least one motor function and a nonvolatile storage element (14) for storing at least one variable as a definition for that motor function. The arrangement also has an interface (13a) for a data line (13) for transferring the at least one variable, in particular a current limiting value (Iref) from or to a storage element (14) by way of the microcontroller (12), and optionally by way of an internal data bus (15). The invention also relates to use of the device in the context of batteries of fans, and program-controlled current limitation for startup of an electric motor (10).

Abstract: The invention concerns an arrangement for powering a load (12) that has non-continuous power consumption from a DC power supply (UB). The arrangement has a DC link circuit (14, 22) to which said load (12) can be connected and with which is associated a capacitor (21) that is suitable for briefly supplying energy to the load. A current regulator (24, 30) is provided for connecting the DC link circuit (14, 22) to the DC power supply (UB) in order to deliver a substantially constant current (i) to said capacitor (21) and to a load (12) connected to the link circuit. The target value of said current regulator (30) is adjusted adaptively, by means of a second regulator (34), to the instantaneous power demand of the load (12). An arrangement of this kind can also be referred to as an active filter that is particularly suitable for electronically commutated motors and for motors with a PWM current controller.

Abstract: A videoconferencing method automatically detects, within an image generated by a camera, locations and relative sizes of faces. Based upon the detection, a control system tracks each face and keeps a camera pointed at and focused on each face, regardless of movement about a room or other space. Preferably, multiple cameras are used, and an automatic algorithm selects a best face image and resizes the face image to substantially fill a transmitted frame. Preferably, an image encoding algorithm adjusts encoding parameters to match a currently amount of bandwidth available from a transmission network. Brightness, contrast, and color balance are automatically adjusted. As a result of these automatic adjustments, participants in a video conference have freedom to move around, yet remain visible and audible to other participants.

Abstract: A disposable syringe has a plunger rupture device and a washer-guide sealing barrel nozzle which make it safe against re-use, since the plunger breaks up and the piston is stuck at the bottom of the barrel, thereby making impossible reloading of the syringe. The syringe is assembled by fitting the pressure washer onto the plunger, fitting the rubber to the piston base, fitting the plunger to the piston, inserting the support bolt to the fitting of the set plunger/piston, fitting the assembled set plunger/piston into the barrel, and, finally, seating the screening washer inside the top of the barrel, thereby sealing the syringe entirely.

Abstract: An injection device has a housing (12) in which a container (14) for receiving an injectable fluid (18) is longitudinally movable. To its proximal end, an injection needle (26) can be releasably coupled. The injection device has a spring (50) associated with a releasable detent (52) for latching this spring (50) in a cocked configuration (FIG. 2). Further, there is a cocking member (40) insertable into the proximal end of the housing (12) for moving the longitudinally movable container (14) in the distal direction and for thereby bringing the spring (50) into the cocked configuration.

Abstract: The suppression of interfering noise in an input signal (7) takes place in a main signal path (5), which contains neither a transformation in the frequency range nor a splitting-up into partial band signals, but only a suppression filter (4). The transmission function of the suppression filter (4) is periodically newly determined on the basis of attenuation factors, which are determined in a signal analysis path (6), which lies parallel to the main signal path (5). The attenuation factors are utilized for the attenuation of signal components in frequency bands with a significant proportion of interfering noise. The suppression filter (4) is implemented as transversal filter, the impulse response of which is periodically newly calculated as a weighted sum of the impulse responses of transversal band-pass filters.

Abstract: A synchronous transmission system is disclosed in which the transmission paths (leased lines) extend over several individual transmission systems (Sx). Monitoring devices (NIM) with access to at least one byte of the control data area are provided in synchronous transmission systems to write data into or read data out of the control data area. The monitoring devices (NIM) may thus be controlled and monitored by a signal source (S1).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of transmitting data on an ISDN subscriber line having a data channel (D16) and two or more voice- or data-carrying channels (B64), using the data channel.

Abstract: The rotation speed of an electric motor (9) is controlled by a controller (6) which receives its setpoint from a characteristic function (23). The characteristic function (23) calculates a setpoint for the controller (6) on the basis of an originally analog variable A (2) that is converted to digital by an A/D converter AD (10), with the aid of support values of a “MEM+DATA” characteristic that are stored in a memory (4); those values not predefined by the support values are calculated by interpolation.

Abstract: An improved method, for obtaining a datum concerning the rotation speed (n) of a rotating object, such as a motor rotor (32), offers high precision. Typically, the motor has a sensor (61) which supplies a sensor signal that has, for each revolution of the rotor, a plurality A of events such as pulses or pulse edges which are counted by a microprocessor (23) associated with the motor. In order to keep the computation load on the microprocessor from increasing as the rotor speed increases, yet maintain high precision, the measurement is done over a full rotation of the rotor, starts at a first signal event (176), and ends after a third or nth signal event (182) which happens at the same rotational position as the first signal event.

Abstract: A watchdog circuit for a microprocessor which has a reset input and a control output, which output, when operation is normal, periodically delivers, under program control, a signal (P0B2) of predefined duration (t1); and having a capacitor (32) that can be charged via a charging circuit; having a discharging circuit (40, 42), controlled by the control output, for said capacitor (32), for periodic discharge thereof during the predefined duration (t1); the charging circuit and discharging circuit being adapted to the program sequence of the microprocessor such that when the microprocessor is operating normally, charging of the capacitor via the charging circuit corresponds respectively to discharge thereof via the discharging circuit; so that the voltage at said capacitor rises and falls within a predefined voltage range; and having an apparatus (30), for monitoring the charge state of said capacitor (32), which, in the presence of a charge state thereof that does not occur in normal operation, effects a reset

Abstract: An electronically commutated direct-current motor has a permanent-magnet rotor (19), a stator (2) that has at least one drive winding (25), and an H-bridge circuit (52) in which two bridge elements are configured as transistors (54, 56) and the other two bridge elements as resistors (58, 60), the drive winding (25) being arranged on the diagonal of said H-bridge circuit (52); and it has a commutation circuit for alternate activation and deactivation of the two transistors (54, 56) of the H-bridge circuit (52). The motor operates quietly and with unusual reliability, and is well adapted for driving a fan.

Abstract: In an electronically commutated motor, both the driving current (i2) and the braking current (i2′) are monitored. When excessive driving current occurs, a pulse duty factor which regulates the current is reduced. When excessive braking current occurs, this pulse duty factor is increased. For this purpose, an analog circuit with two current limiting members is disclosed, as well as a circuit in which these functions are implemented by software in a microcontroller, so that current measurement can be dispensed with. Finally, a combination of these features is disclosed, in which hardware current limitation and software current limitation work together.

Abstract: An electronically commutated motor (4) has a permanent-magnet rotor (28) and has a stator (14) that has two winding phases (25, 26). During one rotor rotation of 360° el., firstly current is delivered to the one winding phase (25) within a first rotation angle range via an associated first semiconductor switch (68); and within a subsequent second rotation angle range, current is delivered to the other winding phase (26) via an associated second semiconductor switch (70). The motor further has a commutation apparatus for alternatingly switching ON the first semiconductor switch (68) and the second semiconductor switch (70).

Abstract: An electronically commutated motor (4) has a stator (14) with two winding phases (25, 26) which are alternatingly supplied with current during one rotor rotation through 360° cl. The motor also has a permanent-magnet rotor (28) which, when the motor (4) is currentless, assumes at least one predefined rotational position from which the rotor starts in a desired rotation direction upon excitation of a predefined winding phase. A bistable multivibrator (64), which is controlled by the voltage that is induced by the rotor in the instantaneously currentless winding phase, is provided for alternatingly switching on the two winding phases. The bistable multivibrator (64) has an electrical preferred position (92) that it assumes when the motor (4) is switched on, in order to supply power, during the switching-on operation, to the predefined winding phase and thereby to allow the rotor to start in the desired rotation direction.

Abstract: With the method acoustic signals, e.g. in hearing aids, are processed in loudness-controlled manner in such a way that the loudness subjectively received by the hearing impaired person again always corresponds to the loudness received by listeners with normal hearing. Signal processing takes place without Fourier transformation and without subdivision of the signal into subband signals in iterative manner and completely in the time domain. This eliminates the disadvantage of unacceptably long signal delay times of known methods and permits a practical use. The apparatus for performing the method contains a processing stage (4) for the iterative calculation of a loudness-characteristic control quantity (&psgr;) and a correcting filter stage (7) controlled in time-dependent manner therewith.

Abstract: A Hybrid Fiber-Coax [HFC] telecommunication system including several modulation devices (MC1-MCn) and a combiner device (CSN) coupled thereto. The modulation devices provide modulated telecommunication signals under the form of output currents that are applied to the combiner device that is further connected to a coaxial cable (COAX) for transmitting thereon these modulated signals in predetermined frequency channels according to the Frequency Division Multiple Access [FDMA] structure. The invention comprises in operating the combiner device as a current-mode summing node instead as of a voltage-mode summing node. As a result, the implementation is relatively easy, because a current summing node may be just a single junction point, and its linearity is thus obviously high.