Abstract: A system for generating within a single frame of photographic film a quadrified image including images of angularly, including orthogonally, related fields of view of a near field three dimensional object and characterized by a first subsystem including a plurality of reflective surfaces for imaging a first field of view of the object at one quadrant of the quadrifid image, a second subsystem including a plurality of reflecting surfaces for imaging a second field of view of the object at a second quadrant of the frame and a third subsystem including a plurality of reflecting surfaces for reflectively imaging a third field of view of the object at a third quadrant of the quadrifid image, all of which have identical path lengths to the object photographed.

Abstract: A system supported by a wing in flight having a reference total pressure port in spaced relation with a wake as the wake is generated by the wing, a reference static pressure port supported in spaced relation with the wake, a probe adapted to be displaced along an arcuate path through the wake including a total pressure port and static pressure ports. A differential pressure transducer and a pressure switching device interposed between the ports and the transducer is provided for selectively connecting pairs of the ports to the transducer in opposed relation, whereby a single transducer is utilized in obtaining differential pressure measurement for the wake with enhanced accuracy.

Abstract: Redundant operation of counter modules is maintained by detecting the zero state of each counter and clearing the other to that state, thus periodically resynchronizing the counters, and obtaining an output from both counters through AC coupled diode-OR gates. Redundant operation of counter flip-flops is maintained in a similar manner, and synchronous operation of redundant squarewave clock generators of the feedback type is effected by connecting together the feedback inputs of the squarewave generators through a coupling resistor, and obtaining an output from both generators through AC coupled diode-OR gates.

Abstract: Addition of a small amount, for example 1% by weight, of a liquid silicone oil to a metal containing solid rocket propellant provides a significant reduction in heat transfer to the inert nozzle walls eliminating metal oxide slag collection and blockage of the nozzle and increases burning rate by about 5 to 10% improving ballistic performance.

Abstract: A coal pump is provided in which solid coal is heated in the barrel of an extruder under pressure to a temperature at which the coal assumes plastic properties. The coal is continuously extruded, without static zones, using, for example, screw extrusion preferably without venting through a reduced diameter die to form a dispersed spray. As a result, the dispersed coal may be continuously injected into vessels or combustors at any pressure up to the maximum pressure developed in the extrusion device. The coal may be premixed with other materials such as desulfurization aids or reducible metal ores so that reactions occur, during or after conversion to its plastic state. Alternatively, the coal may be processed and caused to react after extrusion, through the die, with, for example, liquid oxidizers, whereby a coal reactor is provided. Alternative utilization of the device may be to secure continuous pyrolysis of the coal or to feed the extruded coal into furnaces operating at pressures near ambient.

Abstract: A cooled echelle grating spectrometer for detecting wavelengths between one micron and fifteen microns. More specifically, a spectrometer is disclosed having a cross-dispersing grating for ordering infrared energy, and an echelle grating for further ordering of the infrared energy. Means are disclosed to direct infrared energy to the cross-dispersing grating and then to the echelle grating. Ordered radiation from the echelle grating is sensed by a detecting means. Means are also disclosed for cooling the cross-dispersing grating, the echelle grating and the detecting means so that background radiation can be minimized. In a specific embodiment the cross-dispersing grating and echelle grating are in separate enclosed volumes having access to each other through a single intermediate aperture, reflected energy from the cross-dispersing grating being focused so as to pass through the intermediate aperture and then collimated and directed to the echelle grating for further ordering.

Abstract: A device including a lead testing and motor starting circuit characterized by a direct current voltage source, a pair of terminal plugs connected with the circuit, each being characterized by a first, second, and third terminal, a pair of manually operable switches for connecting the first terminal of each plug of the pair to the positive side of the voltage source, a circuit lead connecting to the second terminal of each plug the negative side of said source, a pair of electrical cables adapted to connect said first and second terminals of each plug to an air-start unit, and means for connecting each cable of the pair of cables between the first terminal of one plug and the third terminal of the other plug of the pair, and a second pair of manually operable switches for selectively connecting the third terminal of each plug of the pair to the negative side of the voltage source, whereby the electrical continuity of each cable of the pair may be examined prior to being connected to an air-start unit.

Abstract: Microstructural evaluation tests performed on Cu-doped, Ti-doped and Cu/Ti doped p-type silicon single crystal wafers, before and after the solar cell fabrication, and evaluation of both dark forward and reverse I-V characteristic records for the solar cells produced from the corresponding silicon wafers, show that Cu mitigates the unfavorable effects of Ti, and thus provides for higher conversion efficiency, thereby providing an economical way to reduce the deleterious effects of titanium, one of the impurities present in metallurgical grade silicon material.

Abstract: A corrugated horn antenna adapted to be coupled to a waveguide at the apex thereof for X-band excitation is further adapted to be connected to waveguides through a circumferential slot for S-band excitation at four distinct phases S.sub.1 through S.sub.4 selected for the desired S-band polarization. The circumferential slot is positioned along the axial length of the horn for good impedance matching and is provided with an X-band choke in the form of two concentric choke slots. For further improvement in impedance matching, the second (outer) choke slot is divided by plugs into four segments that coincide with waveguide ports for the four distinct phases of the S-band.

Abstract: In combination with a pulse transducer characterized by a source of light and a detector for light reflected from blood vessels of a living body, to provide heart signal consisting of a modulated dc signal voltage indicative of the pulse rate for the body, an artifact signal resulting from a reflection of light from the skin of the body, which includes both a constant dc signal component and a modulated dc signal component the amplitude of which is greater and the frequency of which is less than said heart signal, a signal attenuator circuit including an operational amplifier for canceling said artifact signal from the output signal of the pulse transducer.

Abstract: Enhanced recovery of ammonium perchlorate from waste solid rocket propellant is effected by leaching shredded particles of the propellant with an aqueous leach solution containing a low concentration of surface active agent while stirring the suspension.

Abstract: A probe is described which can be installed in a side hole that extends from a bore hole in the earth, to assess the permeability of the strata surrounding the borehole. The probe is elongated and has a plurality of seals spaced therealong and sealed to the walls of the side hole to form a plurality of chambers sealed from one another. A tracer fluid injector on the probe can inject a tracer fluid into one of the chambers, while a tracer fluid detector located in another chamber can detect the tracer fluid, to thereby sense the permeability of the strata surrounding the side hole. The probe can include a train of modules, with each module having an inflatable packer which is inflated by the difference between the borehole pressure and the strata pressure.

Abstract: An intrusion detection system in which crystal oscillators are used to provide a frequency which varies as a function of fluctuations of a particular environmental property of the atmosphere, e.g., humidity, in the protected volume. The system is based on the discovery that the frequency of an oscillator whose crystal is humidity sensitive, varies at a frequency or rate which is within a known frequency band, due to the entry of an intruder into the protected volume. The variable frequency is converted into a voltage which is then filtered by a filtering arrangement which permits only voltage variations at frequencies within the known frequency band to activate an alarm while inhibiting the alarm activation when the voltage frequency is below or above the known frequency band.

Abstract: A ball valve particularly suited for use in the handling of highly corrosive fluids characterized by a valve housing formed of communicating segments of quartz tubing, a pair of communicating sockets disposed in coaxial alignment with selected segments of tubing for establishing a pair of inlet ports communicating with a common outlet port, a ball formed of quartz material supported for displacement between the sockets and configured to be received alternately thereby, and a valve actuator including a rod attached to the ball for selectively displacing the ball relative to each of the sockets for controlling fluid flow through the inlet ports.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for attaching strain gages to substrates is described, which is especially useful for field installation, and especially for materials which experience a drastic reduction in fatigue strength when heated as in spot welding. A strain gage having a backing plate is attached to a substrate by using a foil of brazing material between the backing plate and substrate. A pair of electrodes that are connected to a current source, are applied to opposite sides of the backing plate, so that heating of the structure occurs primarily along the relatively highly conductive foil of brazing material. Field installations are facilitated by utilizing a backing plate with "wings" extending at an upward incline from either side of the backing plate, by attaching the electrodes to the wings to perform the brazing operation, and by breaking off the wings after the brazing is completed.

Abstract: A container is provided which can be designed to heat its outer surface as to sterilize it, or to heat its inner surface and any contents therewithin. In a container that self sterilizes its outer surface, the container includes a combustible layer of thermit-type pyrotechnic material which can be ignited to generate considerable heat, and a thin casing around the combustible layer which is of highly thermally conductive materials such as aluminum which can be heated to a high temperature by the ignited combustible layer. A buffer layer which may be of metal, lies within the combustible layer, and a layer of insulation such as Teflon lies within the buffer layer to insulate the contents of the container from the heat. The thicknesses of the thermit-type charge of the combustible layer and of the casing are chosen so that the amount of heat from the charge heats the casing to a temperature which is only moderately high to avoid melting the casing.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for determining helium to hydrogen ratios in a gaseous sample by measurement of forward scattering products due to alpha particle collisions with helium and hydrogen contained within the gaseous sample. More specifically, an apparatus is disclosed in which a gaseous sample, contained within an enclosure, is bombarded by alpha particles created by a self contained radioactive source. Baffles are positioned in the enclosure so that only scattering products falling within a predetermined forward scattering angular range can impact a detector assembly. In an embodiment scattered particles are detected by two detectors mounted in tandem, the first completely blocking the second detector with respect to incident scattering products. This embodiment is based on the principle that scattering products have a forward scattering angle .theta. greater than 15 degrees due to alpha particle/hydrogen collisions comprise only recoil protons.

Abstract: A velocity servo for a continuous scan Fourier interference spectrometer of the double-pass retroreflector type having two "cat's eye" retroreflectors uses an open-loop, lead-screw drive system for one retroreflector with compensation for any variations in speed of drive of the lead screw provided by sensing any variation in the rate of reference laser fringes, and producing an error signal from such variation used to compensate by energizing a moving-coil actuator for the other retroreflector optical path, and energizing (through a highpass filter) piezoelectric actuators for the secondary mirrors of the retroreflectors.

Abstract: An improved system having at least one endless band saw blade characterized by a continuously regenerated cutting edge and unidirectionally driven along a pair of courses extended in mutual parallelism through a cutting station located near the midportion of said courses. The blade is supported at the cutting station by pairs of guides continuously rotated through less than 360.degree. of angular displacement during each cutting operation for thus continuously regenerating the blade-supporting surfaces of the guide whereby blade wobble substantially is eliminated.

Abstract: A communication system is described for providing voice channel communication between any of many thousands of moderate cost and low power mobile stations dispersed over a large area such as the continental United States, and which is especially useful for connecting users who are primarily stationed in rural areas that cannot be economically served by trunk dispatch mobile networks. The system includes a geostationary satellite utilizing a large UHF antenna that can receive a transmission from a caller and retransmit it over any one beam of a matrix of narrow beams, so the chosen beam covers an area in which a designated called party is located. A single up-link control channel occupying a narrow frequency band, can be utilized to receive dial up signals from a caller, and another single down-link control channel can be utilized to ring up the called party located anywhere within the continental United States.