Abstract: The present invention relates to the vapour phase hydrogenation of carboxylic acid esters to give alcohols. More particularly, this invention pertains to a process for the production of an alcohol by hydrogenation of an ester with a hydrogenation catalyst comprising a Group VIII element, a promoter, and a carbon support. This process is characterized in that (1) the Group VIII element is ruthenium, nickel, or rhodium, (2) the promoter is introduced on to the carbon as a water stable compound of Group IA, IIA metal, a lanthanide or actinide, and (3) the carbon has a BET surface area of at least 100 m.sup.2 /g, and a ratio of BET to basal plane surface area not greater than 4:1, and (4) the hydrogenation is carried out in the vapor phase at a temperature in the range 100.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. at a total space velocity of 100 to 120,000.

Abstract: A flexible protective armor has the form of a laminate having front and back layers of an aramid fibre fabric sandwiching a bag of packed feathers, foam, or felt material. The laminate is drawn tightly together by stitching or similar process. The armor may be further enhanced by integrating the laminate with a front shield of further layers of aramid fibres which are also stitched together.

Abstract: The Automatic Bowling Position Indicator (ABPI) of the present invention provides assistance to a bowler in order to achieve better scores by helping him to position himself on the approach. The positioning is dependent on variables such as whether the bowler is right or left handed, bowls a straight or hook ball, and the pins left standing. The invention assists the bowler directly in the area where the bowler makes his approach by providing a lighted indication of where to place his feet and by providing a lighted place over which the ball should pass. In addition, a group or team of bowlers is able to enter their bowling characteristics and have the present invention automatically advance and operate, thereby providing assistance throughout the game without further intervention.

Abstract: A process for separating suspended material from a fluid comprising flowing the fluid through a porous matrix. The porous matrix is elastically deformable and restrained at its outlet end. The flow rate is sufficiently large so as to produce non uniform deformation of the porous matrix and thereby a gradient of porosity in the direction of fluid flow. At least a part of the suspended material is separated by retention within the porous matrix. The porous matrix/fluid system has a self cleaning capability.

Abstract: A spectacle frame having two interconnected parts (for example, the front and one of the side pieces or the two portions of the bridge of the front or the two portions of one of the side pieces in the case of a foldable frame) which are pivotable relative to each other between a folded, mutually closed position and a mutually open position by means of a resilient hinge mechanism including a rolling body cooperating under the action of resilient biassing means associated with one of the parts of the frame, with a cam member associated with the other part of the frame to allow limited and definable sprung angular displacements of the two parts of the frame with respect to a stable mutually open position. The resilient biassing means include at least one flexion spring anchored to the respective part of the frame and defining a seat for the lateral containment and centering of the rolling member.

Abstract: A method of transferring a retroreflective pattern onto a fabric, wherein a retroreflective pattern transfer sheet comprising a base film, a temporary holding adhesive, a mass of transparent fine glass spheres partially embedded into the temporary holding adhesive, and a reflective film layer which covers the exposed surface of the transparent fine glass spheres and the exposed surface of the temporary holding adhesive present in the gaps between individual adjacent transparent fine glass spheres, is superposed on the surface of a fabric coated with a compression bonding adhesive in a predetermined pattern, with the reflective film layer side put in contact with the fabric surface, the portion of the transfer sheet which is opposed to the compression bonding adhesive into bond with the fabric, an outer portion of the sheet is subsequently stripped off, whereby only the portion thereof which is in bond with the fabric through the compression bonding adhesive is allowed to remain on the fabric to form the retro

Abstract: Apparatus suitable for containing a rotatable body such as a flywheel comprising at least two parts which together define a housing within which the rotatable body can be rotated. The parts of the housing are not rigidly fixed together but instead they are secured together by a length of high tensile strength tape which is wrapped around the parts to provide at least one layer of tape, overlapping at its edges which envelopes and is in contact with at least 50%, and preferably at least 70%, of the surface area of the housing. An impact of the rotatable body, or a part thereof, with the inner surface of the housing causes movement and/or deformation of at least one of the parts of the housing. This movement and/or deformation is resisted by the tape and the point loading resulting from the impact is thereby transformed into a loading over the surface of the parts wrapped with tape.

Abstract: An article comprised of metal directly and adherently bonded onto a ceramic substrate, and a process for producing same, wherein the ceramic is adhesion promoted with molten inorganic compound, treated with halide compounds that promote adsorption of catalyst for metal deposition, and plated with metal. Uniform surface coverage with catalyst and metal is ensured by the halide treatment.

Abstract: Method of assembling a motor vehicle headlight whereby the open end of a rear parabola reflector on the said headlight is fitted round with a flange having a front annular groove designed to receive a rear edge on the front glass, the position of which in relation to the optical axis on the said reflector is adjusted, prior to bonding by pouring adhesive material into the said groove, by means of a number of supporting pins mounted axially through the said flange.

Abstract: An economical process for producing metal plated through holes in metal core circuit boards which permits the formation of small holes and fine conductor lines is disclosed. A metal sheet, which will become the core of a metal core circuit board, is provided with insulation layers on both sides, and through holes are provided through the insulation layers. The process involves incorporating fillers in a resinous coating solution which is electrophoretically applied to the hole walls to form an insulating layer of uniform thickness thereon. An increased diameter in the metal wall portion of each hole acts to restrict flow of the filled resinous coating solution during cure resulting in a straight hole wall. The coating is adhesion promoted and a metal layer is deposited thereon.

Abstract: Substrates for interconnecting components in which a filament is applied and affixed to a base in a pre-determined pattern, the base surface and applied filaments are coated with a coating and the coating is hardened to form a substantially flat surface over the base and filaments. The coated base is then positioned on a table movable along "x" and "y" axes and the coated base is positioned under a high energy beam at pre-programmed points on the applied filament pattern and access openings are formed in the coating on the base at such points to expose the filament at each such point so that the exposed filament can be interfaced with the exposed surface of the coated base and articles for mounting and interconnecting components formed thereby.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming concrete structures which is comprised of size variable form units that can be erected in various forms by incorporating telescopic struts, telescopic batters with fastening means including spring catch members and spring latch members that can be interengaged and disengaged easily. Two members one of which is inclined relative to the other can be connected with a connecting means including a toothed member and a spring engaging member having a toothed face. Tiles can be adhered to the molded concrete structure simultaneously with the molding.

Abstract: Catalysts as prepared by impregnating a carbon support with a halogen-containing compound of Ru, reducing the Ru to metal with hydrogen, and then depositing an alkali metal and a barium compound. The catalysts may be used for ammonia production.

Abstract: A buoy type wave energy extraction construction in which the natural frequency of vertical oscillation of the buoy is mechanically altered to at least partially conform to the wave frequency occurring during a period of operation, whereby the maximum amount of energy available from each successive wave front is extracted. The device includes a buoy, a vertically oscillating shaft supporting said buoy, a horizontally oriented motion output means driven by said vertical shaft, a braking means for arresting movement of the buoy at its uppermost limit of travel during any given oscillation, said braking means holding the buoy until the buoy may be dropped under gravity into a following wave trough.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tobacco composition comprising tobacco and bluish dogbane in the form of bluish dogbane leaves or bluish dogbane extract, a process for making the tobacco composition and a process for producing bluish dogbane extract. The tobacco composition of the present invention is useful to alleviate and cure chronic bronchitis caused by smoking.

Abstract: There is disclosed a wearing part comprising a basic body, a coating applied directly to the basic body or to a backing provided on the basic body and which coating consists of one or a plurality of layers of oxycarbides and/or oxynitrides and/or oxyborides and/or oxyboron nitrides and/or oxyboron carbon nitrides of the elements Ti, Zr, Hf, B, Si and Al and having an oxygen content in a range of from about 0.1 to about 5% by weight, alternating in each case with one or a plurality of layers of aluminum-boron mixed oxides having a boron content in a range of from about 0.01 to about 1% by weight. Compared to previously known wearing parts provided with multi-layer coatings a wearing part in accordance with the present invention exhibits significantly increased resistance to wear, as well as excellent adhesive strength, with respect to the hard-material coating, thus resulting in a substantially prolonged useful life.

Abstract: 2-nitro-5-(substituted-phenoxy)benzoic acids and esters, salts, amides, and acyl halides thereof comprise a class of compounds that are highly effective herbicides.

Abstract: 2-Nitro-5-(substituted-phenoxy)benzoic acids and esters, salts, amides, and acyl halides thereof comprise a class of compounds that are highly effective herbicides.

Abstract: 2-Nitro-5-(substituted-phenoxy)benzoic acids and esters, salts, amides, and acyl halides thereof comprise a class of compounds that are highly effective herbicides.