Abstract: A lead frame for semiconductor device is provided with an inner lead part and an outer lead part. A composite plating layer is provided on the entire plane of a base material constituting the lead frame or at least on the outer lead part. The composite plating layer includes a base layer composed of an Ni-based plating layer formed on the entire plane of the base material constituting the lead frame or at least on the outer lead part, a Pd or Pd alloy plating layer formed on an upper plane of the base layer with a thickness of 0.005-0.01 ?m, and an Au plating layer formed on an upper plane of the Pd or Pd alloy plating layer with a thickness of 0.02-0.1 ?m. The lead frame for semiconductor device has a Pd-PPF structure.

Abstract: This invention relates to isolated nucleic acids comprising genes of human chromosome 12q23-qter and the proteins encoded by these genes. Expression vectors and host cells containing such genes or fragments thereof, as well as antibodies to the proteins encoded by these nucleic acids are also included herein.

Abstract: Radiation noise is reduced, and any operation error is prevented by suppressing noise propagation between an input/output circuit and an internal circuit while preventing or minimizing an increase in the number of steps of semiconductor element design. A semiconductor device having an input/output circuit region and an internal circuit region includes an internal circuit power supply cell which is arranged in the input/output circuit region and supplies a power to the internal circuit region, an internal circuit ground cell which is arranged in the input/output circuit region and supplies ground to the internal circuit region, and noise control cells which are arranged to sandwich the internal circuit power supply cell and the internal circuit ground cell in the input/output circuit region and formed by electrically connecting a p-type semiconductor substrate to ground independently of the input/output circuit region and the internal circuit region.

Abstract: An apparatus, system method, and computer program product for creating shortcuts to functions of a personal communication device that includes the use of an RF tag reader in personal communication device and RF tags placed different locations pertinent to a user. Upon receipt of the RF information, the personal communication device executes a preset shortcut stored in a memory, and prompts a user to select or create a new shortcut. The memory location for storing a shortcut can be the memory in the personal communication device, the memory in an RF tag or the memory in a network server. The shortcut includes at least a RF tag ID; a description of a command, macro or script and information defining the format and properties of the shortcut. Upon execution of the shortcut, and application program is selected for controlling a function of the personal communication device.

Abstract: This invention is to provide a radiation image sensing apparatus capable of automatically adjusting an incident radiation dose without requiring high-speed driving while suppressing any attenuation of the radiation before detection, and a method of manufacturing the same. To accomplish this, a read TFT (1) is formed on an insulating substrate (11). The semiconductor layer (19) and n+-semiconductor layer (20) of an MIS photoelectric conversion element (2) are formed on a second insulating layer (18) that covers the read TFT (1) to be aligned with source and drain electrodes (16) functioning as lower electrodes. The semiconductor layer (21) of a TFT sensor (3) is formed to be aligned with a gate electrode (17) when viewed from the upper side. The semiconductor layers (19, 21) are formed from the same layer. The upper electrode (22) of the MIS photoelectric conversion element (2) is formed on the n+-semiconductor layer (20). Two ohmic contact layers (23) are formed on the semiconductor layer (21).

Abstract: An image display apparatus having a compact size and appropriately achieving a larger field angle is disclosed while it has two optical systems guiding light from a single image forming device to both eyes. The apparatus has the single image forming device forming an original image, and a first and a second optical system disposed on both sides of a central plane including a central axis of the image forming device. The optical systems guide light from the image forming device to a first and a second eye of an observer, respectively. When light traveling from the image forming device to each pupil of the optical systems is inversely traced from the pupil, each system includes a first surface reflecting the inversely traced light from the pupil in a direction away from the central plane, and a second surface reflecting the inversely traced light from the first surface in a direction away from the central plane.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus which associates a plurality of images obtained in advance for the purpose of panoramic image synthesis or stereo-scopic viewing display without troubling the user. Whether or not component images are to be associated with each other is determined with reference to the file names and attribute information of a plurality of component images to be synthesized without the intervention of the user.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a illumination optical system for illuminating a reticle with light from a light source, and a projection optical system for projecting a pattern of the reticle onto an object, said projection optical system includes a lens closest to the object, wherein a surface on the object side of the lens is smaller than an effective area of a surface on the reticle side of the lens, and wherein said exposure apparatus exposes the object via a liquid that is filled in a space between the lens and the object.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a projection optical system for projecting a pattern on a reticle onto an object to be exposed, a reference mark that serves as a reference for an alignment between the reticle and the object, a first fluid that has a refractive index of 1 or greater, and fills a space between at least part of the projection optical system and the object and a space between at least part of the projection optical system and the reference mark, and an alignment mechanism for aligning the object by using the projection optical system and the first fluid.

Abstract: A projection optical system used for an exposure apparatus to projecting a reduced size of an image of an object onto an image plane includes plural refractive elements that dispense with a reflective element having a substantial optical power, wherein the projection optical system forms an intermediate image.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of water absorption for generator stator winding insulator using a cross capacitance are disclosed. The apparatus includes a sensor using a cross capacitance, and a water absorption testing unit for carrying out the water absorption test of the insulator of the stator winding of the power generator using the sensor. The apparatus determines whether the insulator absorbs water, according to thickness, using the cross capacitance, such that inferior winding is detected, a power plant is prevented from being suddenly stopped, costs for the maintenance are reduced, and the lifespan of the power generator is extended.

Abstract: There is provided an exposure method that includes the steps of forming a phase shift mask having a desired pattern and a cyclic dummy pattern overlaid onto the desired pattern, a part of the desired pattern to be resolved by effects of the dummy pattern being thicker than the dummy pattern's line width, illuminating the phase shift mask by using illumination light having a peak near or on an optical axis in an intensity distribution to transfer the desired pattern onto the exposure plane by projecting light having passed through the phase shift mask onto the exposure plane.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprises a plurality of lens units including a first lens unit disposed most adjacent to an enlargement side and having negative refractive power, wherein one or more lens units of the plurality of lens units are moved in the direction of the optical axis thereof during magnification change, and wherein the first lens unit includes a 1-1st lens unit comprising at least one lens of negative refractive power and moved during focusing and a 1-2nd lens unit having positive refractive power, and fixed during focusing.

Abstract: An adjusting method measures a wavefront aberration in a first direction of a target optical system and a wavefront aberration in a second direction different from the first direction of the target optical system, and calculates a first correction value and a second correction value based on a determinant assuming that a matrix that is made by adding a first correction value to each column of the first matrix is equal to a matrix that is made by adding a second correction value to each row of the second matrix. The first correction value is different every column, and the second correction value is different every row. The first matrix represents the wavefront aberration in the first direction, and the second matrix represents the wavefront aberration in the second direction.

Abstract: This invention provides an image processing apparatus that corrects an image blur by using a plurality of images acquired by image capturing means. The apparatus comprises: blur detection means that detects a blur amount between the plurality of images; image composition means that performs the composition of the plurality of images using the detected blur amount; acquisition means that acquires, based on a difference value between the plurality of images and a threshold value thereof, region data for separating the image into regions by changing the threshold value; and display means that selectably displays the region data for each threshold value.

Abstract: A mask manufacturing method suitable for an exposure method wherein a mask on which a desired pattern and a supplementary pattern with formations smaller than those of the desired pattern are arrayed is illuminated, and the light which passed through the mask onto a member to be exposed is projected via a projection optical system, said method comprising a selecting step for selecting one of the following three supplementary patterns, a first supplementary pattern wherein said supplementary pattern is disposed at a position where a line extending in the vertical direction as to the pitch direction from a certain desired pattern hole of said desired pattern, and a line connecting the supplementary pattern hole closest to said certain desired pattern hole in the vertical direction with said certain desired pattern hole, intersect at an angle of 0°, a second supplementary pattern wherein said angle is 0° or more but less than 45°, and a third supplementary pattern wherein said supplementary pattern supplementary

Abstract: A RF-ID tag, preferably passive, provides an event indicating the tag has been successfully interrogated by a reader for data transmission. The event may be voice, light, color, vibration, odor, or different combinations of event indicators. The tag includes an antenna linked to a micro processor and a memory. A non-linear device and for example a light emitting device (LED) are coupled to the microprocessor and memory as an indicator circuit. The reader transmits electromagnetic energy received by the tag antenna when within the reader transmission zone. The energy is sufficient for the tag to transmit data from the memory to the reader. As the tag is read by the reader, the data stream includes a few bytes at the end to indicate the reading was successful. The reader energy is also sufficient to cause the illumination of the LED providing a tag indication that a successful tag transmission has occurred.

Abstract: A novel transformation system in the field of filamentous fungal hosts for expressing and secreting heterologous proteins or polypeptides is described. The invention also covers a process for producing large amounts of polypeptide or protein in an economical manner. The system comprises a transformed or transfected fungal strain of the genus Chrysosporium, more particularly of Chrysosporium lucknowense and mutants or derivatives thereof. It also covers transformants containing Chrysosporium coding sequences, as well expression-regulating sequences of Chrysosporium genes. Also provided are novel fungal enzymes and their encoding sequences and expression-regulating sequences.

Abstract: A mounting unit that can be worn easily and in which size adjustment and lock release can be operated with a natural hand position is disclosed. The mounting unit includes a front frame and a rear frame. The rear frame being connected to the front frame can move in a back and forth direction with respect to the front frame. And the unit includes knob members which are provided on both the right and left portions of the rear frame, for operation of backward movement of the rear frame. Furthermore, the unit includes lock mechanisms which prevent the backward movement of the rear frame with lock release buttons which allow release of the lock of the lock mechanisms. The knob members are arranged under both frames. Each of the lock release buttons is arranged at a portion on each of the knob members where the user pushes with his/her finger when a user will move the rear frame backward with respect to the front frame.