Abstract: A thin film transistor substrate structure of the present invention comprises a gate and a common lines formed from a first conductive layer; a data line formed from a second conductive layer and intersecting the gate and common lines, the data line insulated from the gate and common lines by a gate insulating film, a pixel area being defined by the intersection of the data and gate lines; a thin film transistor at the intersection; an extended portion of a common electrode in the pixel area; a pixel electrode formed from a third conductive layer connected to the thin film transistor and having an extended portion in the pixel area, a horizontal electric field formed by the pixel and common electrodes; and a plurality of pixel holes are defined, wherein the pixel electrode is disposed within at least one pixel hole and connected to a drain electrode.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of data items is stored in a table data structure. A row identifier and column identifier are associated with each respective data item, and each respective item is stored at a logical location in the table data structure specified by its row identifier and column identifier. A plurality of data items is stored in a cell of the table data structure, and a timestamp is associated with each of the plurality of data items stored in the cell. Each of the data items stored in the cell has the same row identifier, the same column identifier, and a distinct timestamp. In some embodiments, each row identifier is a string of arbitrary length and arbitrary value. Similarly, in some embodiments each column identifier is a string of arbitrary length and arbitrary value.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to compositions and methods for chemically mechanically polishing a substrate, including a polishing accelerator, which is normally one or more oxidizers, an abrasive material, and chelating particles and/or metal-absorbent clay material. In addition, the invention can also involve methods of forming chelator particles and methods of separating metal-containing ions from polishing and/or etching solutions after polishing and/or etching.

Abstract: A system and method to ensure that a remote computer making a VPN connection complies with network security policies. Server-driven security checks may be configured to verify compliance with each access level before access is granted at that level. The security checks may be selected based at least according to the information received from the remote computer. After the server determines that the remote computer complies with the security policy for the requested access level, the server may pass a token to the remote computer, or may grant VPN access to the remote computer. If the remote computer does not comply with the security policy associated with the requested access level but is in compliance with a security policy corresponding to a lower access level, the server may grant the remote computer access to the lower access level.

Abstract: An engine start method of a vehicle having starter and ISG considers the temperature of an engine coolant and the voltage of a battery. The objective start rpm of the starter is raised and the objective start rpm of the ISG is lowered as the engine temperature is lowered.

Abstract: An array substrate of a liquid crystal display includes a gate line, a data line crossing the gate line, a thin film transistor including a gate electrode connected to the gate line, a semiconductor layer having first and second sides, a source electrode contacting the first side of the semiconductor layer and connected to the data line, and a drain electrode contacting the second side of the semiconductor layer, a gate insulating film provided between the gate line and the data line, an organic protective film formed on the gate insulating film, a capacitor common line provided on the organic protective film to overlap the gate line, an upper insulating layer provided on the organic protective film, and a pixel electrode provided on the upper insulating layer partially overlapping the capacitor common line and the data line, the pixel electrode connected to the drain electrode via a contact hole through the upper insulating layer and the organic protective film.

Abstract: A video recording apparatus includes: a recording and reproducing unit that records and reproduces a program onto and from a recording medium; a program reserving unit that provides a reservation of the program for programmed recording of the program in one of a plurality of modes including “overwrite after reproduction” mode; and a control unit that controls the recording and reproducing unit, wherein the control unit controls, in accordance with the reservation made by the program reserving unit, the recording and reproducing unit to record the program in either of a free area and a recorded area that is permitted to overwrite of the recording medium, wherein the control unit controls the recording and reproducing unit to prohibit overwriting a recorded program in a case where the recorded program is recorded in the “overwrite after reproduction” mode and a reproduction of the recorded program being unfinished.

Abstract: A primary printed circuit board (PPCB) is put on a plurality of leg rods integrally protruding from a bottom plate portion, a central insertion hole, which is one of the three insertion holes formed in the three corners of the PPCB, is engaged with an engaging pin integrally protruding from an upper surface of one of the leg rods, a screw is screwed into a screw hole of one of the leg rods through one of the insertion holes opposed to each other along a diagonal line, a holding rod is integrally protruded from a roof plate portion being opposed to one of the insertion holes opposed to each other along the diagonal line, a holding pin protruded from a lower surface of the holding rod is engaged with an engaging hole of one of the leg rods through one of the insertion holes, and a small gap is formed between a lower surface of the holding rod and the PPCB.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, includes: an image carrier that carries a developer image by a charge layer provided on a surface of the image carrier; a charger that charges the image carrier; a feeder that feeds the charger with a charge; a total charge amount detector that detects the total amount of the charge output by the feeder; an unsupplied charge amount calculator that calculates the amount of the charge output by the feeder but not supplied to the charger; and a layer thickness calculator that calculates the thickness of the charge layer based on the unsupplied charge amount calculated by the unsupplied charge amount calculator and the total charge amount detected by the total charge amount detector.

Abstract: An information recording apparatus has a write canceling circuit that monitors interface signals fed from a host and that, when the interface signals are recognized to be abnormal, inhibits write operation against a recording medium either for a predetermined period or until a predetermined condition is fulfilled. This circuit configuration helps eliminate or reduce the occurrence of erroneous write operation as occurs when the received interface signals are abnormal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device includes: first and second substrates, inner surfaces of the first and second substrates facing each other; gate and data lines crossing each other to define a pixel region on the inner surface of the first substrate; a thin film transistor at the crossing of the gate and data lines; a pixel electrode connected with the thin film transistor; a color filter pattern on the inner surface of the second substrate; a first polarizing layer between the first and second substrates and adjacent to the color filter pattern; and a liquid crystal material between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for authoring a message includes enabling a user to compose an electronic message that includes a sequence of musical note emoticons, embedding the musical note emoticons in the electronic message, and sending the electronic message. The sequence of musical note emoticons represent an audible musical sequence. A computer implemented method for receiving a message includes receiving an electronic message, including at least one musical note emoticon embedded in the electronic message, displaying the electronic message, including the musical note emoticon; and audibly playing the embedded musical note emoticon.

Abstract: In a variable-shape mirror of which the shape of the mirror surface can be varied, a mirror portion is bonded only to a fixed portion and not to a piezoelectric element. When the piezoelectric element is not operating, the mirror portion, receiving a predetermined force from the piezoelectric element, makes contact with the piezoelectric element. When the piezoelectric element contracts, the mirror portion tends to restore its original shape by its counterforce. Thus, even when the piezoelectric element contracts, the contact between the mirror portion and the piezoelectric element is held, and hence the electric conduction to the piezoelectric element is maintained.