Abstract: A smoke detector is provided in which two light sources are employed in conjunction with a single photo responsive device and control circuit elements adapted for sequential operation of the light sources. One light source is directed at the photo responsive device to pre-bias the device while the other is directed at a smoke chamber to which the device is exposed. If smoke is present in the chamber, the light from the second source will strike the smoke particles and be reflected against the photo responsive device changing the output thereof. The light sources in one embodiment are timed to operate in a series of pulses and measurements are made on the declining output of the photo responsive device, such that the presence of smoke in the chamber will produce a longer decay time than will occur in the absence of smoke. A timer connected to the circuit measures the decay time and is adapted to generate a signal under the appropriate conditions.

Abstract: A smoke detector is provided in which two light sources are employed in conjunction with a single photo responsive device and control circuit elements adapted for sequential operation of the light sources. One light source is directed at the photo responsive device to pre-bias the device while the other is directed at a smoke chamber to which the device is exposed. If smoke is present in the chamber, the light from the second source will strike the smoke particles and be reflected against the photo responsive device changing the output thereof. The light sources in one embodiment are timed to operate in a series of pulses and measurements are made on the declining output of the photo responsive device, such that the presence of smoke in the chamber will produce a longer decay time than will occur in the absence of smoke. A timer connected to the circuit measures the decay time and is adapted to generate a signal under the appropriate conditions.

Abstract: A system is provided for use with a solar collector. The system includes a water storage tank having a heat exchange element mounted therein, the tank being connected to one or more solar collectors adapted to heat water circulated through a primary loop by associated pumps. A secondary water loop connects to a heat exchanger at a waste heat supply source such as a furnace flue, for example, and provides supplementary heat to the water circulating in the primary loop. The storage tank forms part of a primary heat exchanger, the function of which is to provide means for heating water flowing through a coil in the tank for local use. A booster heater connected to the hot water outlet of the coil provides additional heat to the water during periods of high demand and/or poor conditions for heating water with the collector or the waste heat source.

Abstract: Concrete bridge decks are waterproofed by first applying a primer over sound, dry and clean concrete which forms the bridge deck. A laminated membrane is then installed over the primed concrete surface, the membrane being comprised of reinforced cured and uncured elastomers. The membrane is then heated to the point where the uncured elastomer flows and rolled prior to cooling. A tack coat is then applied over the membrane and a wearing surface, such as asphalt, or the like, applied.The membrane employed is comprised of an upper stratum of a cured elastomer, a reinforcing fabric such as woven fiberglass in the center thereof and a lower stratum of a soft, uncured, form stable elastomer adapted to flow on the application of heat.

Abstract: A thermal control and storage unit, in the general form of a Venetian blind for location at windows and the like, comprises vanes of polygonal cross-section, having facets that selectively control radiative and other heat transfer in different orientations and that define compartments containing a phase transformation energy storage medium for solar energy conversion.

Abstract: A thermometer is provided for remotely measuring the temperature of a heat source. The device utilizes an infrared sensor for detecting the temperature of a remote object and an output of the sensor is processed and used to drive a meter or other display device. An improved resonant circuit is provided for modulating the radiant energy impinging on the sensor to produce a pulsed output from the sensor. The modulating circuit includes a piezoelectric reed which deflects under an applied frequency and is located in the optical path of the system. The reed serves as an active element in an improved phase-locked loop used to drive and stabilize the optical chopper.

Abstract: A curtain is provided for use across the doorway of a garage, or the like, through which vehicles may pass easily but which substantially blocks out ambient weather conditions. The curtain provides a barrier which retains building heat during the winter and cool air during the summer and reduces entry of cold air in the winter and warm air in the summer. The curtain is comprised of a single main panel suspended across the upper portion of the doorway and a plurality of a relatively narrow, overlapping strips suspended from the lower edge of the fixed panel. Wide strips and/or one or more layers of narrow strips are provided at the sides to reduce heat transfer through the sides of the curtain. A breakaway line extends across the mid portion of the doorway opening to prevent the curtain from billowing inward in the event of unusually high wind gusts.

Abstract: A heat exchanger is provided for use in a blood handling system whereby the blood may be selectively heated or cooled, as required by the nature and stage of the operation. The heat exchanger, in the preferred embodiment, is in the form of a cylindrical housing having walls defining a helical path for the flow of blood through the exchanger and about the axis of the housing. The heat exchanging medium, typically water, flows separately through a conduit in the housing, the walls of which at least partially define the helical blood conduit for heating or cooling the blood flowing therethrough. The heat exchanger is characterized by a controlled route for the blood so as to uniformly expose the blood to the same type of heating or cooling and without creating dead spots in the blood flow. A long path of blood flow is provided in a small package with a highly efficient thermal transfer.

Abstract: A walking attachment is provided for use with ski boots to permit booted skiers to walk upright on foot. The attachment is formed with a generally flat upper surface substantially coextensive with the length and width of the boot sole, while the bottom surface of the attachment is curved from end to end. A hinged bail is provided at the rear end of the attachment for gripping engagement with the heel portion of the boot while a spring loaded, retractable clamp is mounted to the forward portion of the attachment for detachably engaging the toe portion of the boot.

Abstract: A pulsed beam generator produces a short duration pulsed beam for thermal processing of selected regions of metallic and dielectric materials. The pulse beam is directed towards the material and irradiates selected surface regions thereof. Energy deposited by the pulsed beam momentarily elevates the temperature of the selected regions for a variety of thermal processing effects. The characteristics of the pulsed beam are such that only those regions on or near the surface are subjected to this thermal processing.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for automatically applying a lid comprised of a film of thermoplastic sheet material to the top of a cup. The film is supplied in a roll and the leading end is fed into a position between the top of the cup and a heat sealing head. In an operating cycle of the apparatus, the cup is brought up against the film and the heat sealing head is brought down on top of the film to seal the film to the cup and sever the forward section of the film from the roll. A film stabilizer is provided on the film feed mechanism for maintaining control of the film and a pneumatic circuit provides an automatic control of the functional components in predetermined timed sequence.

Abstract: Game pieces comprised of three legged tiles are provided for use in a domino-type game. A set of tiles is utilized for the game, each set comprised of a number of three legged tiles most of which are marked with different numerical indicia in the form of spots as well as in Arabic numerals. Each tile is a generally flat piece with three legs extending radially from a center portion of equal angular distances one from the other. The outer end face of each leg is flat and each leg terminates at its inner end in a flat face near the center juncture joining adjacent legs. Tiles are connected by abutting the end of one leg of one tile with the end of a leg of another tile or by joining the end of one leg with the flat junction face of another tile in accordance with the rules of the game. The tiles can be connected in different geometric patterns including circles.

Abstract: A security device is provided for installation on double hung windows to prevent the window lock from being jimmied open from the outside and to tighten the windows sashes to the frame as well as to each other when locked. The device is in the form of a generally flat plate or shield that is installed under the window latch and is formed with a pair of fingers which extend across the gap between the upper and lower sashes on either side of the keeper. Reentrant openings are formed from the edge of the shield to allow easy installation and a central portion of reduced thickness introduces a slight tilt to the latch to provide an improved locking grip with the keeper.

Abstract: A draft tube in a wood burning stove is provided with a nozzle at the lower end thereof for directing a portion of the draft air downwardly against the charge of burning wood, coal, etc. and deflects a portion thereof sideways into a zone above the fuel to provide a more complete combustion of the rising volatiles. The nozzle may be integral with the draft tube or may be attached thereto as an accessory. The nozzle includes a tube having an outside diameter somewhat smaller than the inside diameter of the draft tube to define an annular passage therewith when the nozzle is installed. An annular radial flange is mounted on the outside and at the lower end of the nozzle and in line with the annular clearance whereby the major portion of the air and draft will flow directly downwardly through the nozzle tube while a portion passing through the annular passage will strike the flange and be deflected perpendicularly to the flow of the draft.

Abstract: An adapter is provided which permits the use of a stereo headset with a monaural radio receiver. The adapter is in the form in a self-contained unit having a plug and a jack, the plug being insertable in the jack of the radio receiver while the jack accommodates the plug of a stereo headset. A transformer is connected between the plug and the jack of the adapter and the jack includes interconnected spaced contacts to provide a monaural signal to both channels of the stereo headset.

Abstract: Multi-position stop-cock valves for use in the intravenous administration of different medications are provided with integral color codes on the valve body and the valve handles whereby the valve position and the medication flow through the valve will be immediately apparent to the attendant.

Abstract: A combined structural support and solar energy system with parallel joists having tubular upper chords defining conduits through which a fluid circulates for collection of solar energy and tubular lower chords defining conduits through which a fluid circulates for radiant heating and panel cooling.

Abstract: A spectrometer readout system with storage capacitors for temporarily storing output signals generated by a series of photomultiplier tubes that are positioned to monitor selected spectral lines. A voltage-time converter sequentially discharges the capacitors to a preset level and converts the stored voltages into signals that are linearly related to a known signal and an unknown signal. The output of the voltage-time converter defines the discharge time period which is measured and stored by a computer.

Abstract: Analog signals are converted into digital form in a reproducible, accurate and stable manner. The tri-dual phase technique involves the conversion of the condition to be measured, and typically represented by a voltage, first to a reference level and then to an unknown level in a dual phase conversion, and then solving for the unknown level once the relationship of the reference level, the unknown high input level, and the unknown low input levels are established. A circuit capable of carrying out the technique includes an integrator receiving voltage input signals from a switching device adapted to switch to three different input signals, including a high unknown signal level, a low unknown signal level, and a known signal reference level. The reference level is also fed into a comparator which receives the output of the integrator.

Abstract: A self-locking anchoring bolt provided with a shank portion to be fitted in a bolt hole, provided with an elongated locking element disposed in a correspondingly formed location which extends substantially helically in the bolt shank.