Abstract: A tube expander is configured so that only the slide body that is worn down can be removed from the slide unit means and a new slide body is attached through the fastening means easily at low cost. The tube expander is configured by a support column formed on a base; a stripper plate which presses down an end plate of the heat exchanger for defining a projection length of heat exchanger tubes, the stripper plate being reciprocally movable along a longitudinal direction of the support column; and a reference stand is connected to the stripper plate and reciprocally movable along the support column for stopping the stripper plate at a predetermined position. A part of the reference stand is slidably attached to a guide bar formed on the support column through a slide unit; and a slide body formed separately from a reference stand is attached to the slide unit located at the support column through a fastening means.

Abstract: Provided is a mask inspection apparatus including: emitting unit for emitting electron beams onto a sample; electron detecting unit for detecting the quantity of electrons produced, by the emission of the electron beams, from the sample with patterns formed thereon; image processing unit for generating image data for the patterns on the basis of the electron quantity; and controlling unit for controlling the emitting unit, the electron detecting unit, and the image processing unit. The controlling unit calculates, from the size of a designated observation area of the sample, a division number of divisional images that are synthesized to form a joint image that covers the entire designated observation area. The controlling unit determines divisional areas so that adjacent divisional areas partially overlap each other. The controlling unit acquires SEM images for the respective divisional areas.

Abstract: A delay lock loop circuit and its delay amount calibration method is disclosed. An initially set value of a counter is determined by a technique which replaces measurement of a delay amount, whereby a time required for calibration of a delay circuit can be reduced. One counter set value of a plurality of counter set values is loaded, a delay lock loop circuit is switched to a lock mode, and a sequence circuit of a cycle slip detection circuit is reset. Thereafter, a cycle slip detection signal output from the sequence circuit is read, and based on the reading, it is judged whether or not an output signal of a delay circuit causes cycle slip. If the cycle slip is caused, the counter set value is switched. If any cycle slip is not caused, the counter set value is locked, thereby terminating the process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a navigation system achieves a smooth and, intuitive scrolling operation by checking available resources such as a computational power of the navigation system and map data stored in a video memory to determine an optimum scrolling operation and to dynamically adjust a scroll speed and a scale factor to move an image on a monitor screen to a specified location. The method includes the steps of: receiving a scroll signal from an input device for scrolling an image on the monitor screen, checking a current condition of the navigation system related to the scroll operation, and conducting the scroll operation while adjusting the scroll speed and scale factor of the image based on the current condition.

Abstract: A pattern area measuring method includes the steps of: acquiring image data of a pattern; dividing the pattern into partial patterns; calculating the areas of the partial patterns; and calculating the area of the pattern by summing up the areas of the partial patterns. The step of dividing the pattern into partial patterns may further include the steps of: dividing the pattern into fan-shaped partial patterns each having a central angle of a predetermined value; calculating the line profile on a line intersecting the center of the pattern and an edge of the pattern for each of the partial patterns; creating a differential profile; and detecting an edge position of the partial pattern by use of the line profile and the differential profile and then deriving a radius from the center position and the edge position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus updates software data for an interface unit that interfaces a portable audio/video player with another audio/video system. When the portable audio/video players are updated by adding new features, etc., the method and apparatus enables the users to obtain the corresponding update file for the interface unit in the same manner that the user obtains the music file. Thus, the user can easily and quickly obtain the update file for updating the interface unit and store it in the portable audio/video player in the same manner as the music files. For executing the update operation, the user selects the update file from the play list and starts playing the update file on the portable audio/video player while connecting it to the interface unit.

Abstract: In a driver circuit 10 for outputting a simulated signal simulating an input signal subjected to transmission loss, corresponding to the input signal, the driver circuit 10 comprises: a main driver 18 which receives the input signal and outputs an output signal corresponding to the input signal; a sub driver 20 which receives the input signal and outputs an output signal given by inverting the input signal; a high frequency emphasizing circuit 22 which receives the input signal of the sub driver 20 and outputs an output signal having the high frequency of the input signal of the sub driver 20 emphasized; and an addition unit 24 which outputs the simulated signal given by adding the output signal of the main driver 18 and the output signal of the high frequency emphasizing circuit 22.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for selecting a desired point of interest (“POI”) for a navigation system displays matching brand icons associated with POIs to assist the user in finding an intended POI. When the user inputs characters indicating a POI name or a POI type, or selecting a POI type from a list, the navigation system displays brand icons of the POI name or POI type. When the user selects one of the brand icons, the navigation system lists the POIs associated with the brand icons in the predetermined order such as distance from the current vehicle position. Since the number of brand icons are limited, and each brand icon has a readily recognizable image, the user can quickly find a desired POI by selecting a brand icon.

Abstract: A display method and apparatus for a navigation system promotes to quickly search a desired on a map image with respect to an order of distance from a current vehicle position or other reference position. On the screen of the navigation system, it displays a specially designed screen to implement the city search operation which includes a state selection box and a city selection box. The navigation system detects the search direction specified by the user and moves the cursor to the location of the candidate city in response to every operation of the input device in the order of distance in the specified direction. Thus, the user is able to find the city by its relative location to the current vehicle position or other reference location, thereby enabling to quickly and intuitively search the target city.

Abstract: A water activation device is configured by arranging a plurality of water activation pieces in a holder in a manner that the water activation pieces do not contact with each other where an axial direction of each piece is established along the flow passage. Multiple layers of the holders are established in an internal space of the body of the water activation device. Each of the water activation piece is formed as a cylindrical body with a through hole that includes an axis. Spiral grooves are formed non-continuously or continuously on an inner surface and outer surface of the water activation piece so that when the axis of the water activation piece is established in the flow passage, the water activation piece axially rotates by the flow pressure. The spiral grooves are formed in a rightward rotation (clock-wise) manner in plan view.

Abstract: A method for capturing an image using an image capturing module with multiple pixels configured in a 2-dimensional matrix and a focal plane electronic shutter function which sequentially slides the exposure timing by constant interval by pixel group which is a unit of predetermined number of the pixels while scanning; the method includes an image data input process for detecting shutter operation, obtaining a reference image while skipping one or more of the pixel groups by sequentially sliding the exposure timing by the constant interval, and obtaining a target image while not skipping pixel groups to be captured, a motion data detection process for calculating the motion data of the target image based on the reference image, and a distortion compensation process for compensating for distortion in the target image according to the motion data.

Abstract: Lipoxygenase-free soybean grains are mechanically pulverized into fine particles and then subjected to heat drying treatment with water vapor having a temperature in the range of 130 to 250° C. under atmospheric pressure to form lumps of soybean powder. The lumps are formed into granules having controlled sizes by placing the lumps in a space defined by two plates having a predetermined distance therebetween and having a plurality of parallel grooves formed in the surfaces. The plates are in a state of relative rotation. This method allows the production of soybean powder free from disagreeable odor and taste and the production of soybean milk from the soybean powder, with inexpensive equipment in a quick process.

Abstract: A variable delay circuit is designed to provided a wider range of delay time to a timing signal. The variable delay circuit includes a variable delay 50 which comprises a DA converter 51 which supplies current 51 based on delay setting data; a delay element 53 which imparts a delay amount Tpd to a prescribed signal and outputs the signal; and a bias circuit 52 which is connected such that the amount of current flown in the DA converter 51 and the amount of current flown in the delay element 53 become equal. The DA converter 51 allows the relationship between the delay setting data DATA and the current Id to be hyperbolic (inversely proportional). As a result, the relationship between the delay setting data DATA and the delay amount Tpd can be linearized, whereby the delay amount obtained by a single stage of the delay element can be increased.

Abstract: A computational scheme for an INS which utilizes micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) sensors resolves issues of unnecessarily large computational burden and numerical instability which happen in using conventional methods using high-end inertial sensors. The first aspect is to omit computing Earth radii of curvatures that were used in a high-frequency application. The second aspect is to ignore the Earth rotation and the rotation of the local tangent plane with respect to Earth which are much smaller than noise and bias in the MEMS sensor output. The last aspect is to assume that the absolute amount of the platform pitch and roll angles is less than 90 degrees. According to the aspects noted above, the computational load will be one-fourth of the conventional method without degradation of accuracy.

Abstract: A navigation system is able to find an optimum route to a destination even when a large non-digitized area exists between a starting point to the destination. The navigation system produces processing points based on a particular shape and size of the large non-digitized area and determines whether such processing points should be used for route search operations. When it is determined that the route search operation is effective, the navigation system performs A* algorithm search operations with respect to the start point, processing points and the destination and detects an optimum route to detour the large non-digitized area.

Abstract: A timing generator reduces operation-dependent power consumption (AC component) and noises generated from a clock distribution circuit itself in distributing a clock, and further reduces a skew attributed to the clock distribution. A clock distribution circuit 20 for distributing the clock to timing generating sections 10-1 to 10-n has a clock main path 21 connected to a main path buffer 24 and a clock return path 26 connected to a return path buffer 27. A load capacity of the main path buffer 24 is equal to that of the return path buffer 27. Biases of the buffers are the same potential and are generated by a delay locked-loop circuit 30. A propagation delay time of the clock distribution circuit is controlled so as to be an integral multiple of a clock period.

Abstract: A variable delay circuit has a simple configuration for being incorporated in a timing generator to control a delay time in real time and assure a timing margin. The variable delay circuit of the timing generator includes a delay circuit having a plurality of cascaded clock buffers; a plurality of cascaded data buffers; and data holding circuits for outputting data to the data buffers in accordance with the clock from the delay circuit. The delay amount added to the data by the data buffers is made identical to the delay amount added to the clock by the clock buffers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a navigation system efficiently stores the data associated with a calculated route to the destination in a backup memory by incorporating a direction coding method. The method and apparatus can be advantageously implemented in such a situation where the operation of the navigation system is terminated during the route guidance operation before reaching the destination. Since each direction code requires a small amount of data bit, an overall amount of data for the calculated route can be dramatically reduced and can be stored in a small memory space. When the navigation system is restarted, the calculated route will be reproduced based on the direction codes retrieved from the backup memory, thereby enabling to continue the route guidance operation to guide the user the destination.

Abstract: A navigation system displays a route guidance list on a monitor screen in an intuitive and organized manner so that a user can easily understand information regarding the maneuvering locations and actions associated with the route to the destination. The route guidance list is structured in a layered manner so that the information regarding the maneuvering actions at the locations closer to the current user position will be prioritized. For example, in the route guidance list, the information regarding the immediate maneuvering location and action is more detailed, enlarged, and highlighted than the others. The navigation system displays the route guidance list in which the information regarding the maneuvering locations and actions will be dynamically changed in response to the changes of the current location of the user.

Abstract: An electron gun includes an electron source configured to emit electrons. The electron source includes an electron emission region configured to emit the electrons and an electron emission restrictive region configured to restrict emission of the electrons. The electron emission restrictive region is located on a side surface of the electron source except an electron emission surface on a tip of the electron source and is covered with a different material from the electron source. The electron gun emits thermal field-emitted electrons by applying an electric field to the tip while maintaining a sufficiently low temperature to avoid sublimation of a material of the electron source. The material of the electron source may be lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) or cerium hexaboride (CeB6). The electron emission restrictive region may be covered with carbon.