Abstract: Low temperature wafer bonding using a silicon-oxidizing bonding liquid permits introduction of radiation hardening dopants and electrically active dopants as constituents of the bonding liquid. Oxidizers such as nitric acid may be used in the bonding liquid. Dielectric layers on the device wafer and the handle wafer may be used when additional silicon is provided for the oxidative bonding. Integrated circuits fabricated from such bonded wafers may have buried layers and radiation hardening with device silicon too thick for implantation.

Abstract: A low volume photographic processing tank for use in photographic processing apparatus as a low volume path for solution treating material being processed and drive rollers in the path of the tank driving material through the path. The rollers have external drives. The whole tank is able to be withdrawn and replaced from the apparatus for servicing and repair.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microaccelerometer employing a single free-mass and capable of measuring acceleration along three coordinate axes, and a process for fabricating through micromachining and microelectronic techniques a microaccelerometer employing a free-mass. A microaccelerometer preform is constructed by chemically coating and etching a silicon wafer to form a support member and a free-mass surrounded by the member. The free-mass is movable with respect to, but constrained by the silicon support member. Acceleration measurements are obtained by circuits which sense changes in the position of the free-mass with respect to an equilibrium position, induced by a change in the rate of acceleration of the accelerometer, and the electromagnetic force required to restore the free-mass to its equilibrium position.

Abstract: In photographic processing, the chemistry needs to be replenished periodically in order to produce optimum results. Known replenishment systems utilize replenishers in liquid form which are dispensed according to volume. These systems require the use of a pump which is both accurate and relatively inexpensive. Described herein is a replenishment system which uses a weighing system with a series of intermediate containers to dispense replenishment materials. The system comprises a weighing device which has three intermediate containers supported on it. Each container is connected to its associated processing stage by a pipeline. Flow of replenisher materials from each container is controlled by respective valves which are interfaced with a computer. The computer is also interfaced with the weighing device and monitors the decrement in weight of the intermediate containers so that the exact amount of replenisher materials can be added.

Abstract: A neural network provides both linearly separable and non-linearly separable logic operations, including the exclusive-or operation, on input signals in a single layer of circuits. The circuit weights the input signals with complex weights by multiplication and addition, and provides weighted signals to a neuron circuit (a neuron body or soma) which provides an output corresponding to the desired logical operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the formation of a class of nanocomposite amorphous materials consisting of interpenetrating random networks of predominantly sp3 bonded carbon stabilized by hydrogen, glass-like silicon stabilized by oxygen and random networks of elements from the 1-7b and 8 groups of the periodic table. The materials have high strength and microhardness, flexibility, low coefficient of friction and high thermal and chemical stability. Nanocomposites containing networks of metallic elements can have conductivity variable from insulating dielectric to metallic. The materials have a wide range of applications as protective coatings and as electrically active materials. Metallic nanocomposites can exhibit superconductivity at low temperatures.

Abstract: When using unstable processing solutions, high recirculation and/or replenishment rates may be required. However, this may result in non-uniform processing of photographic material in processing apparatus using such solutions. Described herein is apparatus in which agitation members (17) are provided in the processing tank. The members (17) are fixed to a wall (11) of the tank at a location (18). The member (17) has a free end (25) which is positioned to lie against emulsion surface (26) of material (20) being processed (or against inner wall surface (19) if no material (20) is present). As material (20) is moved along path (13).

Abstract: A bonding method including pressing a pair of slices together with a liquid oxidant therebetween and subjecting the pair of slices to a temperature to bond the slices together. Preferably a liquid oxidant is applied to one of the slices before they are pressed together and then dried. The heating step for bonding is carried out at a sufficiently high temperature of at least 1100.degree. C. to make the slices pliable so as to comply with each other during the bonding step.

Abstract: A method for drying photographic materials from an initial moisture content to a desired final moisture content is provided. At least one side of a photographic material having an initial moisture content is heated, with a first heater stage, to achieve an intermediate moisture content in the material. The intermediate moisture content is less than the initial moisture content of the material and greater than the desired final moisture content. The intermediate moisture content of the material is measured and an output signal corresponding to the intermediate moisture content is provided to a control means. The material is then heated with a second heater stage to the desired final moisture content. The second stage heating is controlled using the output signal and the desired final moisture content.

Abstract: It is known to provide agitation of processing solutions in photographic processing apparatus using jets. Jets are also known for urging material between sets of rollers. However, such jets are not known to impart drive to material being processed as it passes through the apparatus. Described herein is an arrangement in which material (M) is transported through a narrow elongate tank (20) by means of processing solution which is directed into the tank (20) by means of high speed jets (24, 25). The jets (24, 25) have two functions, namely to drive the material (M) through the tank (20) and to supply processing solution to the tank (20) simultaneously. Such an arrangement has the advantage of providing high speed processing apparatus which occupies minimum space and has few moving parts.

Abstract: A system (method and apparatus) for handwritten character recognition recognizes characters within strings of text despite the presence of overlapping or disjointed characters. A string is segmented into discrete characters by removing noise and punctuation, joining the disconnected components of characters and splitting probable overlapping characters. After joining and splitting (as required), character recognition is performed to recognize characters in the string. Recognized characters are removed and the string is split in order that more characters can be recognized. If unrecognized characters remain in the string, the process is repeated. The joining and splitting operations are repeated until all subsequent characters in the string have been either recognized or determined to be unrecognizable.

Abstract: In known film processing techniques, the amount by which a film is processed at each stage is determined chiefly by time. If a film is either over- or underexposed, it may be incorrectly processed producing unsatisfactory results. The present invention utilises an arrangement which measures changes in the infrared density of the film during processing to ensure that satisfactory results are produced. The arrangement comprises an infrared light emitting diode (22) and an infrared sensitive photodiode detector (26) which are both mounted in a support (20). Film (34) passes between the diode (22) and the detector (26) so that the amount of infrared radiation being transmitted through the film can be determined to provide a measure of the infrared density of the film at each stage during its processing.

Abstract: A bipolar transistor having an improved collector structure includes a buried region of the same conductivity type as the collector region spaced from the base region and having a laterally graded impurity concentration with the lowest below the center of the emitter region. An integrated circuit may include transistors having the buried collector region of the diminishing lateral impurity concentration below the center of its emitter as well as having transistors with a uniform lateral impurity concentration below the total lateral extent of the emitter. A method of achieving the unique collector region includes forming at least a first collector region of a first conductivity type as two lateral portions of substantially uniform lateral impurity concentration with a space therebetween in a substrate of a second conductivity type and heating to form the buried collector struture of diminishing lateral impurity concentration.

Abstract: A method for reducing the tendency toward the formation of ripple imperfections in the coating of a plurality of layers of liquid photographic compositions or moving webs is disclosed. Conditions for coating the compositions are determined according to a given formula to keep the ripple value below 35. The coating compositions are formed into a laminar flow of a plurality of distinct layers including the photographic compositions as upper, middle, and lower layers. The flowing plurality of layers is then received as a layered mass on a moving web. A method for predicting the tendency toward the formation of ripple imperfections in the coating of a multilayer photographic element is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for purification of a surface exposed, immunogenic outer membrane protein of Haemophilus influenzas which is conserved amongst strains. The protein, designated P6, is relatively free of detergent, contaminating RNA and undesirable cellular components.In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for purifying an immunogenic outer membrane protein of H. influenzas consisting essentially of:a) suspending H.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new and improved bumpering system for guarding the channels (gutters) of a conventional bowling lane. The bowling lane is of the type having a longitudinal bowling lane bed, a pair of elongated channels parallel to and abutting each side of the bowling lane bed, an approach and foul line at one end of the bowling lane bed and a pin deck at the other end thereof. The bumpering device comprises deflection means permanently mounted within the channel, the deflection means having associated therewith extension and retraction means for extending the deflection means to an upright position thereby abutting the bowling lane bed for deflecting bowling balls that may be directed toward the channel and retracting the deflection means to a nested position within the channel thereby permitting bowling balls directed toward the channel to fall thereinto.

Abstract: A method is provided for replenishing a Photographic developer solution in a processing apparatus which includes a developer tank, a developer-addition reservoir, and a replenishment station. The method is characterized in that developer-addition solution sufficient for an extended Period of time is contained in the developer-addition reservoir and fed to the developer tank at a rate higher than the standard replenishment rate for the process being operated, while the overflow from the developer tank is fed to the replenishment station where, at the end of said extended period, it is replenished to account for chemical consumption for the whole extended period and then returned to the reservoir.

Abstract: Compounds useful as cockroach attractants, the synthesis of the compounds, and methods of controlling cockroach populations with the compounds are disclosed. The compounds are pyrans having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is a methyl, ethyl, propyl, or methoxy group andR.sup.2 is a branched alkyl side chain having from 7 to 11 carbons. Preferably, R.sup.2 is a 2,4-dimethyl-substituted alkyl group. Most preferably R.sup.1 is methyl and R.sup.2 is 2,4-dimethylheptanyl. The pyrans can be used as an attractant in cockroach traps comprising, in addition to a pyran according to Formula (I) above, a support and a cockroach restraint. Alternatively, the pyran of the present invention can be combined with a biocontrol agent or an insecticide to form a cockroach control composition.

Abstract: In known photographic processing apparatus, pumps are used to recirculate and re cycle processing solutions thereby producing the desired agitation of the processing solutions. However, such pumps are normally mounted externally to the processing tank and are connected thereto by means of an arrangement of flexible pipes. Described herein Is a modular processing tank arrangement in which the pumps are mounted integrally with the module. This means that the module can be removed as a whole without having to disconnect a large number of pipes.

Abstract: Automatic titration method and apparatus provides for adjustment of the electric potential of a solution. A programmed computer responsive to iterative measurements of the potential regulates a two-phase adjustment process which approaches the desired electric potential (overall aim) using sub-aims thereby preventing overshoot of the overall aim.