Abstract: A process for preparing rigid expanded materials containing urethane and optionally urea and isocyanurate groups, characterised in that a polyurethane rigid foam is prepared by reactinga) an aromatic polyisocyanate withb) a polyol component with on average at least 3 hydrogen atoms which can react with isocyanates, containing1) 30 to 80 wt. % of an aromatic amine started polyether with a molecular weight of 300 to 800 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide2) 10 to 40 wt. % of a substantially sucrose started polyether with a molecular weight of 400 to 1,000 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide3) 5 to 30 wt. % of a propylene glycol started polyether with a molecular weight of 500 to 1,500 based on 70 to 100 wt. % of 1,2-propylene oxide and 0 to 30 wt. % of ethylene oxide4) n-pentane and/or i-pentane as blowing agent5) water6) optional auxiliary agents and additives,wherein the sum of the wt.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-substituted benzazoles, processes for their preparation and their use as UV absorbers.

Abstract: A process for the production of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates is disclosed. The process comprises phosgenating the corresponding polyamines in solution in an inert organic solvent, removing excess phosgene, and stripping the solvent, the improvement wherein at least 0.00015 percent by weight of hydrazine or hydrazine derivative per 100 percent by weight of polyamine are added to the polyamines at any time prior to the stripping step.

Abstract: A mixer-reactor for mixing at least two fluid substances and carrying out or initiating a reaction between them, wherein the mixer-reactor consists of a substantially rotationally symmetrical casing containing a mixing chamber having separate inlets for the at least two substances and an outlet, the inlet for the at least first substance being provided within the axis of the mixing chamber and the inlet for the at least second substance being constructed in the form of a plurality of nozzles arranged rotationally symmetrically to the axis of the mixing chamber, characterized in that a bolt which is displaceable in the direction of the nozzle axis is allocated to each nozzle, wherein the bolt is acting to remove the caking or clogging material from the nozzle.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the bromination of isoolefin conjugated diolefin polymers by brominating said polymer in solution in a solvent comprising a mixture of an inert saturated paraffinic hydrocarbon and an inert halogen-containing hydrocarbon. There is also provided an improved product of said process wherein the brominated polymer contains not less than 70 percent of the bound conjugated diolefin units which are brominated and also not less than 80 percent of the bound bromine atoms are in a form suitable to participate in the vulcanization of said polymer.

Abstract: A method and device are described for the production of foams from two-component reactive mixtures using carbon dioxide as expanding agent, by mixing at least one of the reactive components with carbon dioxide under pressure. That mixture is then mixed with the other reactive component(s) to form a foamable reactive mixture, which is expanded and cured to form the final product. The foamable reactive mixture is expanded to ambient pressure through at least one fine-meshed screen (21a, 21b, 21c).

Abstract: For the production of sandwich structure elements comprising non-cellular polyurethane layers and polyurethane foamed layers which are produced on a substrate by the application of layers to a substrate, it is proposed that at least the non-cellular polyurethane layers contain 15 to 55% by weight of mica. Sandwich structure elements are obtained which are particularly dimensionally accurate and which adhere well. The effect is believed to be based on a non-homogeneous curing reaction of the mixture which reacts to form polyurethane, due to the presence of mica.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture comprising from about 17 to about 85% by weight of one or more non-filled polyether polyols having a hydroxyl functionality of from 1.5 to 3 and molecular weights of from 1,500 to 8,000; from about 12 to about 80% by weight of one or more non-tertiary amine containing polyether polyols having a hydroxyl functionality of from 3 to 8 and a molecular weight of from 150 to 1,000; from about 0 to about 4% by weight of one or more primary or secondary diamines or amino alcohols and from 3 to about 12% by weight of water. The invention is also directed to a water-blown, energy absorbing foams made from the isocyanate reactive mixture.

Abstract: A process and a device are described for the production of polyurethane foam by application of a froth onto the conveyor belt of a block-foam installation, whereby the froth is applied onto the lower conveyor belt in a free, substantially vertical fall and flowing of the froth contrary to the direction of movement of the conveyor belt is prevented by a stationary, substantially vertical barrier arranged transversely on the conveyor belt.

Abstract: A process is described for producing foam materials from two-component reactive plastics using carbon dioxide as blowing agent by mixing at least one of the reactive components with carbon dioxide under pressure, mixing the components, at least one of which contains carbon dioxide under pressure, expanding the reactive mixture containing carbon dioxide obtained by mixing, and hardening, wherein the expansion takes place suddenly with the production of high rates of shear. Preferably the rate of flow of the reaction mixture is reduced after expansion.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of polyurethane foam moldings is described wherein carbon dioxide physically dissolved under pressure is used as the blowing agent and a pressure is maintained in the mold cavity during the introduction of the polyurethane reactive mixture so as to prevent the complete release of the dissolved carbon dioxide.

Abstract: For the expansion of a liquid containing gas under pressure in dissolved form, it is proposed that the liquid be passed with expansion through an extended flow channel with a small cross-sectional measurement with generation of high rates of shear. The velocity of the liquid is then reduced prior to the foaming.

Abstract: The viscosity of a fluid liquid substance is first increased in a multiphase coil in the presence of a gas phase flowing at high speed and then, with separation of the gas phase, the substance is applied to a stirred bed consisting of a solid granular material where it is converted into a solid substance.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of polyurethane foam comprising the steps of (i) mixing at a reaction index of 40 to 400: (a) a polyisocyanate blend comprising at least one polyisocyanate and optionally, additives and fillers; (b) a polyol blend comprising isocyanate reactive components and optionally, water, additional blowing agents, catalysts, surfactants, fillers and other additives; wherein either or both said polyisocyanate blend or said polyol blend contain between 0.3 to about 20 wt. % CO.sub.2 based on the total weight of said polyisocyanate blend and said polyol blend; (ii) introducing and uniformly mixing in liquid form of CO.sub.2 as a blowing agent into either or both said polyisocyanate blend or said polyol blend and maintaining said CO.sub.2 in said liquid form. The present invention also relates to an apparatus, which performs the above-mentioned process.

Abstract: A method and device are described for the production of foams from two-component reactive mixtures using carbon dioxide as expanding agent, by mixing at least one of the reactive components with carbon dioxide under pressure. That mixture is then mixed with the other reactive component(s) to form a foamable reactive mixture, which is expanded and cured to form the final product. The foamable reactive mixture is expanded to ambient pressure through at least one fine-meshed screen (21a, 21b, 21c).

Abstract: A variable tubular reactor is described which contains a plurality of parallel reaction tubes held between two tube plates in a cooling medium container. The reaction tubes are connected outside of the tube plates with 180.degree. bends to form a tubular coil, whereby at least a part of the tube bends are connected to the respective tube ends by releasable flange connections. The reaction tubes are combined in groups in a through-flow relationship by tube bends and are regulated in temperature by a cooling medium supply, which is assigned thereto and is controllable in respect of the cooling medium quantity and/or cooling medium temperature.

Abstract: A reactor is described for exothermic sludge phase reactions which comprises as the heat exchanger an annular chamber which is covered at the top and the bottom by the reaction mass in the reactor, the annular chamber comprising a plurality of vertical passage ducts having a circular cross-section for the reaction mass, and the coolant flowing through the annular chamber between the passage ducts for the reaction mass.

Abstract: Isocyanates are polymerized in a simple manner by polymerizing aliphatic and/or aromatic isocyanates in the presence of metallocenes at temperatures from 20.degree. to 220.degree. C., optionally subject to increased or reduced pressure and optionally in the presence of an inert organic solvent, the metallocene being used in an amount of 5 to 50,000 ppm relative to the amount of isocyanates used.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of a curable multi-component reaction mixture (and, in particular, a polyurethane), containing filler in which the reaction components are premixed and then mixed with the dry filler in a friction mixer having a conically shaped screw rotatable in a conical mixing chamber. The friction mixer is preferably operated under a fractional load at a low rotational speed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a device for lifting heavy items from machinery in confined areas. The device of the invention can be easily mounted on a particular piece of equipment and allows for the easy removal of the part or item to be repaired or replaced. Because of its relatively small size, the device can be readily used in confined areas.