Abstract: A force limiter for limiting the force with which two articles come into contact with each other, which force limiter comprises a control member (11) displaceable with respect to a holder (5), which member is pneumatically prestressed with a force which is substantially independent of the relative position between the holder (5) and the control member (11). The force limiter can be used in devices in which, after stopping a drive the contact force between the driven first article and the second article in contact therewith mustnot exceed a given threshold value. More particularly the use in ultrasonic deformation devices is considered.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure with a p-type ZnSe layer has an improved ohmic contact consisting of a layer of Hg.sub.x Zn.sub.1-x Te.sub.a Se.sub.b Sc where x=0-1 with x being 0 at the surface of the ZnSe layer and increasing thereafter, a, b and c each =0-1 and a+b+c=1.

Abstract: A magnetic head (1) for reading information comprises a magnetoresistive element (21) which is arranged between two flux guides (7, 9) present on a support and is partly located on thinner ends (25, 27) of the flux guides. The flux guides are composed of a basic layer (13, 15) and a main layer (17, 19) which partly covers the basic layer. Subsequently the magnetoresistive element is partly provided on the parts (25, 27) of the basic layer which have been left free by the main layer so that the magnetoresistive element is magnetically coupled to the flux guides via coupling parts (20, 22).

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp having a translucent sintered aluminum oxide discharge envelope is produced by a method that includes providing a ceramic end plug having an aperture for a current lead-in member in an end of the envelope, sintering the end plug to the envelope and passing the current lead-in member through the plug so as to extend into the envelope, forming a thin disc-shaped sealing member formed of magnesium oxide containing glass frit and having an aperture for the lead-in member on the outer surface of the plug, positioning a thin barrier member having an aperture for the lead-in member on and extending over the outer surface of the sealing member and heating the assembly so as to cause the sealing member to melt and form a glass bond between the lead-in member and the plug and the barrier member to melt and bond to the glass seal.

Abstract: Indium tin oxide films deposited on substrates are subjected to reactive ion etching in a plasma containing dissociated hydrogen bromide or a mixture of dissociated hydrogen bromide and dissociated boron tinchloride.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an object having a relief structure on a surface thereof by pressing a first element provided with a negative of the relief structure against a second element to form the relief structure in the surface of the second element. The apparatus includes the first element and two pressure members having pressure surfaces facing each other and opposing both of the elements, the pressure members being moveable relative to each other in a direction transverse to the pressure surfaces.

Abstract: A method of producing a thin-film magnetic head on a carrier (1) comprising depositing an electrically conducting plating-base (2) and electroplating flux conductors (4a, 4b) and a magnetically insulating layer (8) on the plating-base. This provides a planar structure on which an electrically insulating layer (9) and a magneto-resistance element (10) are applied. The plating-base (2) also constitutes the gap layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a hot-cathode element which consists of a rare-earth-oxide-doped refractory metal, notably thoriated tungsten, and which also contains carbon components, first a plurality of layers of the hot-cathode element being successively deposited on a substrate member (2) by means of a CVD process, after which notably the hot-cathode element is separated from the substrate member (2). The strength required for further working of the hot-cathode element is improved in that in the course of the CVD process decarburizing intermediate treatments are performed, the hot-cathode element being carburized during an aftertreatment.

Abstract: An image projection display and pick-up apparatus includes a display screen with controllable tranmissivity, and image projection device behind the screen for projecting an image onto the rear surface of the screen, and an image pick-up device, also located behind the screen, for picking up an image of a viewer located in front of the screen, and an optical shutter for preventing light from the projection device to reach the screen during image pick-up.

Abstract: In a manufacturing process for color filters wet-chemical fixing and cleaning steps, as well as the use of several (toxic) chemicals can be avoided by using a combined fixing and cleaning step with the aid of UV radiation in an ozonic atmosphere.

Abstract: Combined read/write thin-film magnetic head comprising a read portion including a magneto-resistive element, a write portion including an inductive element, and a shared flux guide between the read and write portions. Improved separation of the read and write functions is achieved by providing the shared flux guide as a sandwich structure of two soft magnetic layers separated by an insulating layer, except that the soft-magnetic layers are interconnected in a magnetically conducting manner proximate to the head face.

Abstract: A high-gloss coating of a polystyrene object is obtained by spraying, on the object, a lacquer having a potlife of at least 16 hours and which is obtained by using a tertiary alcohol and diacetone alcohol as a solvent, and contains a polyisocyanate, a polyhydroxyacrylate and a thermoplastic acrylate resin as an adhesive promoting agent.

Abstract: In an alpha-numerical display the segments are split up into (interconnected) sub-segments in such a way that characters can always be displayed in a manner analogous to that for a conventional matrix display. This provides the advantages of a great freedom of choice of characters with a drive mode (1:n multiplexing, n.ltoreq.4) yielding a large viewing angle and a high contrast.

Abstract: A cassette (1) provided with magnetic tape (3) comprises a housing (9) with two main walls (11, 13) and a several transverse walls (15, 17, 19, 21). One of the main walls (13) is imperforate and is provided with a window (39) which can be opened and a label (37) interposed between the window (39) and the main wall (13). The window (39) is secured to the housing (9) by means of a tab (45) and projections (55, 57) and can be moved away temporarily from the label (9) to note data on the label (37).

Abstract: An orientation layer for a liquid crystal display device is formed from a mixture of at least one reactive liquid-crystal material and at least one non-reactive liquid-crystal material. The mixture is brought into contact with a surface of a mold having an orienting effect, as a result of which the molecules in the mixture are oriented. Subsequently, the reactive liquid-crystal material is made to cure, thereby forming an oriented polymer network in which the non-reactive liquid-crystal material is dispersed. The orientation layer thus manufactured is very suitable for use in an active display device. The liquid crystal device formed has a liquid crystal layer and orientation layers of an oriented polymer network in which liquid crystal material is dispersed.

Abstract: A silicon-on-insulator material is formed by a method which includes the steps of forming a p-type silicon epitaxial layer, doped with boron and a higher concentration of germanium, on the surface of a semiconductor silicon substrate, forming an additional silicon epitaxial layer on the p-type silicon epitaxial layer, forming an oxide layer on the additional silicon epitaxial layer, forming an oxide layer on another semiconductor silicon substrate, forming a laminate by bringing into contact, at room temperature, the oxide layers thereby bonding together the substrates, etching the silicon substrate provided with the silicon epitaxial layers, with an isotropic etch to remove most of this silicon substrate, exposing the laminate to an anisotropic etch for this silicon substrate until the remainder of this silicon substrate is removed but only a part of the p-type epitaxial layer is removed and then exposing the resultant structure to an additional isotropic etch for the p-type epitaxial layer for a time suffic

Abstract: Thin-film magnetic head comprising a substrate (3), a magnetoresistive element (9) and two magnetically conducting flux guides (5, 7) extending substantially parallel to each other for magnetic cooperation with the magnetoresistive element (9). A non-magnetic read gap (13) adjacent to a head face (1) extends between the flux guides. The first flux guide (5) is built up in layers and comprises a first soft-magnetic layer (5A) opposite the second flux guide (7), a second soft-magnetic layer (5B) and an insulation layer (5C) of a non-magnetic material extending substantially parallel to the substrate and situated between these soft-magnetic layers. Said soft-magnetic layers join in a common end portion (5E) proximate to the head face. The first soft-magnetic layer is an interrupted layer having two spatially separated layer portions (5AA, 5AB), bridged by the magnetoresistive element.

Abstract: An SMD-resistor includes a ceramic substrate having two main faces, two side faces and two end faces which are intergranular fracture faces, two contact layers provided on two ends of a main face adjoining the end faces, a resistive layer situated on this main face and electrically contacting both contact layers are two end contacts, covering both end faces and electrically contacting the contact layers.

Abstract: In a projection display device based on one or more (twisted nematic) LCDs (4), simple temperature compensation is possible by optimizing the d..DELTA.n value (n) at the maximal operating temperature. The associated transmission/voltage characteristics at different temperatures then extend substantially parallel so that it is possible to compensate for temperature changes by means of a simple voltage compensation.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing optically readable discs (1) a substrate (5) is placed on a movable substrate carrier (21) and by moving the substrate carrier it is subsequently placed in a centered position on a previously applied amount of replication material (11) on a mold (15). In this position the substrate is fixed to the mold, after which the substrate carrier releases the substrate and the replication layer in the structure zone (3) is solidified.