Abstract: Nanocomposite particles having good solubility and redispersibility in water are provided. The nanocomposite particles include a sugar material and nanoparticles containing a drug to be delivered and a biodegradable polymer, the sugar material being disaccharide, and a mass ratio of the nanoparticles to the disaccharide being within the range of from 40:60 to 60:40.

Abstract: An electrode substrate including an electrode and a membrane provided on the electrode and having a thickness with which a carrier is exchanged between the electrode and the membrane.

Abstract: When the relation of battery temperature Tb1>battery temperature Tb2 is satisfied, a temperature increase request for a power storage unit becomes relatively large. Therefore, a target power value P2* for the power storage unit is determined with priority. The target power value P2* is calculated by multiplying the required power value Ps* by a distribution ratio Pr2 (0.5?distribution ratio Pr2?1.0) determined in accordance with temperature deviation between battery temperature Tb1 and battery temperature Tb2. The target power value P1* is determined by subtracting the target power value P2* from the required power value Ps*.

Abstract: A rotation detection kit, comprising a source for generating at least a first polarized beam emitted along a propagation axis, a receiver comprising at least a first beam intensity sensor and an analyzer. The analyzer comprises a first polarizer device for location in the at least first polarized beam between the source and at least first beam intensity sensor. The first polarizer device is configured such that the receiver can measure rotation between the source and the analyzer about a first axis that is non-parallel to the propagation axis based on the at least first beam intensity sensor's output.

Abstract: The present invention uses a ferromagnetic thin wire having a domain wall inside, with the magnetic moment at the center thereof being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the thin wire. With the domain wall being fixed by a domain wall fixation device (e.g. antiferromagnetic thin wires) so that the domain wall is prevented from moving in the ferromagnetic thin wire, when a direct current is supplied, the magnetic moment rotates in the immobilized domain wall. This rotation of the moment can be detected by a TMR element or the like. This configuration of the ferromagnetic thin wire element can be directly used to create a microwave oscillator or magnetic memory.

Abstract: Disclosed is a spark ignition type internal combustion engine, which comprises a variable compression ratio mechanism capable of changing a mechanical compression ratio, and a variable valve timing mechanism capable of controlling the closing timing of an intake valve. The intake air flow to be fed to the inside of a combustion chamber is controlled mainly by changing the closing timing of an intake valve so that the mechanical compression ratio is set higher at an engine low-load running time than that at an engine high-load running time. The mechanical compression ratio at the engine low-load running time before completion of the warm-up of the internal combustion engine is set lower than that at the engine low-load running time after completion of the warm-up of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An exposure apparatus comprises a recovery member that recovers a liquid. The recovery ability with which the recovery member recovers the liquid differs in accordance with the region of the recovery member.

Abstract: An image forming device may select from among a plurality of rendering parameters to include selectable halftone frequency candidates automatically based on an internal determination regarding an operating condition of the device to improve image quality for formed images. As a time varying function of the status and/or condition of the components and/or consumables employed in the image forming device, a capability is provided for the device to independently determine an optimal individual or set of rendering parameters to be employed based on a monitored device status. Available monitoring data for a current overall condition of the image forming device, to include monitoring a condition of the components and/or the consumables within the device, is used to allow the device to internally perform automatic adjustment of one or more image rendering parameters, including automatically implementing an optimal halftone frequency election scheme.

Abstract: The object is to provide a drowsiness detecting device for detecting strong drowsiness to become a dozing state. A drowsiness detecting device comprises a sympathetic parameter acquiring unit for acquiring a parameter concerning a sympathetic nerve of a subject, a parasympathetic parameter acquiring unit for acquiring a parameter concerning a parasympathetic nerve of the subject, a sympathetic increase determining unit for determining whether the sympathetic parameter is greater than a sympathetic threshold or not, and a drowsiness determining unit for determining drowsiness of the subject according to an increase/decrease relationship between the sympathetic and parasympathetic parameters when the sympathetic increase determining unit determines that the sympathetic parameter is greater than the sympathetic threshold.

Abstract: An image playback method that performs a sequential display of a plurality of image data including a moving image stored in a memory unit while each being switched at predetermined time intervals, includes converting a format of moving image data for the sequential display into a predetermined format for the sequential display prior to the sequential display.

Abstract: A display driver including: a data line driver circuit which drives an output line based on a drive voltage corresponding to display data; a first switching element connected between a first power supply line and the output line; a second switching element connected between a second power supply line and the output line; and a switch control circuit which controls the first and second switching elements. The lengths of first and second periods are determined based on at least part of the display data in a horizontal scanning period which is immediately before a current horizontal scanning period. The first and second switching elements are respectively turned ON and OFF in the first period, and are respectively turned OFF and ON in the second period. After the second period, the first and second switching elements are turned OFF, and the output line is driven by the data line driver circuit.

Abstract: New vinyl-alkynylsubstituted germanium compounds having the general formula 1 are the subject of the invention. The invention also relates to a new method of obtaining vinyl-alkynylsubstituted germanium compounds having the general formula 1. — A denotes: diethylgermyl — R denotes: triethylsilyl, 1-(trimethylsiloxy)-1-cyclohexyl The invention also provides a solution to the problem of the method of obtaining vinyl-alkynylsubstituted germanium compounds having the general formula 1, involving the germylative coupling reaction between a suitable substituted terminal alkyne and a suitable divinylsubstituted germanium compound in the presence of a ruthenium(II) complex as catalyst.

Abstract: In a surface acoustic wave resonator in which an IDT having electrode fingers for exciting surface acoustic waves is formed on a crystal substrate, the line occupying ratio causing the maximum electromechanical coupling coefficient and the line occupying ratio causing the maximum reflection of the surface acoustic waves in the IDT are different from each other, the center of the IDT has the line occupying ratio causing an increase in electromechanical coupling coefficient in comparison with the edges of the IDT, and the edges of the IDT have the line occupying ratio causing an increase in reflection of the surface acoustic waves in comparison with the center of the IDT.

Abstract: An image reader includes: a rectangular substrate; a photoelectric conversion element that is mounted on one surface of the substrate; a connector that is mounted on the other surface of the substrate so as to be closer to one end face of the substrate than a position on the substrate where the photoelectric conversion element is mounted, and is connected to a signal line; a support member; and a restricting member that is provided on the substrate so as to be closer to the one end face of the substrate in the longitudinal direction than the position where the substrate is supported by the support member, when another connector is fitted to at least the connector, the restricting member coming into contact with the one surface of the substrate and restricting the deformation of the substrate in a direction in which the another connector is fitted.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to a stator and manufacturing method of the stator in which the coil conducts of the stator have three phases (a U phase, V phase, and W phase), which are arranged in a distributed winding form in a plurality of slots of a stator core. The coil conductors of the three phases each include a slot conductor portion that is disposed in the slot, and a pair of coil end conductor portions disposed on both axial sides of the stator core to connect the slot conductor portions disposed in the different slots. The stator also includes a first side transition wire portion in each phase that is disposed further toward a radial inner side than an inner peripheral end surface of a tooth provided on each circumferential side of the slot so as to overlap another first side transition wire portions in the axial direction.

Abstract: When a piece 6a has stopped at an empty element 3, a castle 10 can be built at the element, and ownership can be set to the element. When another piece 6b has stopped at the element to which the ownership has been set, a sub-game is executed so that a player who owns the castle 10 (element 3), another player who uses a piece 6b, and a third player who uses a piece 6c that is positioned within a given range from the castle 10 participate in the sub-game. When the player who owns the castle 10 has won the sub-game, the player can collect the cost of staying from the player who uses the piece 6b. When the player who uses the piece 6b has won the sub-game, the player who uses the piece 6b can acquire the ownership of the castle 10.

Abstract: Based on the present invention, superior compact spectrometers may be constructed and integrated into a cellular phone, or attached to a cellular phone. Such a cellular phone may be a PDA phone, which supplies electrical power to the said spectrometer, provided with data storage, signal processing capability, and real-time display. As a combined standalone system, it allows spectroscopic measurements to be fulfilled in real-time applications in field, and results can be sent out in wireless communication to a remote station or to another cellular phone user in order to share the measurement results right away. When the system is used with a laser to function as a Raman spectrometer system, it can fulfill many daily routine tasks encountered by ordinary civilians, for example, the blood glucose monitoring for diabetes patients at home in a non-invasive manner.

Abstract: A semiconductor material is provided comprising: a composition graded layer, formed on a Si substrate or an interlayer formed thereon, comprising a composition of AlXGa1-XN graded such that a content ratio of Al in the composition decreases continuously or discontinuously in a crystal growing direction; a superlattice composite layer, formed on the composition graded layer, comprising a high Al-containing layer comprising a composition of AlYGa1-YN and a low Al-containing layer comprising a composition of AlZGa1-ZN that are laminated alternately; and a nitride semiconductor layer formed on the superlattice composite layer.