Abstract: The present invention relates to computer-based multiplayer games that follow the scoring rules of poker in which players select cards from a second deck of playing cards that is composed of cards randomly selected by the software from a first deck of playing cards for each new hand, where the second deck has fewer cards than the first deck. The introduction of a smaller second deck whose composition and size can vary substantially from hand-to-hand, adds a fascinating and challenging puzzle component to the strategy and chance elements of prior card selection games. The use of a prior art deck that remains unchanged allows each player to tend to rely on a predetermined set of fixed card selection strategies. Whereas, the ever-changing, smaller second deck compels each player to formulate his/her card selection strategy anew for each hand, keeping play fresh and exciting.

Abstract: A hairdressing device includes a pair of arm members opposed to each other and hingedly connected at one longitudinal ends thereof, each of the arm members including a hinge portion, a grip portion contiguous to the hinge portion and a hair-pinching portion contiguous to the grip portion; and a heater member arranged in the hair-pinching portion of each of the arm members to generate heat when supplied with electric power. The heater member includes a pair of heating plates arranged side by side in a spaced-apart relationship with each other. The heater member includes a heat-resistant transparent member arranged between the heating plates to transmit infrared rays.

Abstract: A method is provided for a system to display media contents from source devices on television channels of a television. The method includes receiving a channel change command from a remote control, where the channel change command causes the television to display a new television channel. The method further includes, in response to the channel change command, changing a frequency of a radio frequency (RF) carrier of a television RF signal to a frequency of the new television channel, determining one of the source devices assigned to the new television channel, and providing the television RF signal to the television, where the television RF signal includes a media content from the assigned source device.

Abstract: A base game may be a conventional video reel-type game. During play of the base game, at least a first progressive jackpot is accumulated by a first percentage of the wagers. A community Bingo game is concurrently initiated for all eligible players (players betting above the minimum bet) when an eligible player achieves a special symbol combination in the base game. The number of virtual Bingo cards dealt to each eligible player is based on the player's average bet. A central controller then random selects Bingo numbers, one at a time, and the first player to fill in a Bingo card wins the bonus game and an award. Only the player that triggered the bonus game is eligible for the first progressive jackpot. At various levels of the game, the players are motivated to bet above the minimum bet to be eligible for the bonus game and increase the player's chances of winning the bonus game.

Abstract: Characters on an on-screen keypad are hidden once a cursor is placed over the keypad. This prevents any spyware from screen logging the key selection as the characters on the keypad are not visible at the moment a key is selected. The keys of the keypad are optionally color-coded to help a user remember the location of the key with the desired character once the cursor is over the keypad.

Abstract: A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) pressure sensor includes a silicon spacer defining an opening, a silicon membrane layer mounted above the spacer, a silicon sensor layer mounted above the silicon membrane layer, and a capacitance sensing circuit. The silicon membrane layer forms a diaphragm opposite of the spacer opening, and a stationary perimeter around the diaphragm and opposite the spacer. The silicon sensor layer includes an electrode located above the diaphragm of the silicon membrane layer. The capacitance sensing circuit is coupled to the electrode and the silicon membrane layer. The electrode and the silicon membrane layer move in response to a pressure applied to the diaphragm. The movement of the silicon membrane layer causes it to deform, thereby changing the capacitance between the electrode and the silicon membrane layer by an amount proportional to the change in the pressure.

Abstract: A differential current steering (CS) circuit uses feedback from the differential output nodes A and B to cause current steering devices (e.g., MOSFETs) to effectively exhibit an infinite output impedance when conducting. Therefore, the signal on the output nodes A or B does not significantly change the voltage at the common node, This is particularly useful when the differential output nodes are connected to differential output buses in a digital-to-analog converter. The circuit dynamically cancels, though feedback, the signal induced at the common node by the signal present at the “steered” output node. Therefore, the CS circuit effectively presents an infinite output impedance between the common node and the output nodes. In some cases, it may be desirable to not create a substantially infinite output impedance for the CS circuit but control the impedance to a predefined level to counter other distortions in the system.

Abstract: Various bonus games for being played on a gaming machine are described. The base game may consist of the random selection and display of a 5×3 matrix of symbols. In one bonus game (FIGS. 5-7), upon a certain outcome of the base game including special symbols, all symbols in the matrix except for the special symbols are replaced with values, such as different credit amounts. The player selects a particular special symbol using a touch screen, and the identified special symbol randomly moves to select one of the displayed values in the matrix. In another game (FIGS. 11-13), the player applies hidden multipliers to a randomly selected award value in the matrix. In another game (FIGS. 14-19), pointers moving across the matrix of values accumulate values for awarding to the player. The multi-stage interactive bonus games add excitement and more player involvement.

Abstract: A current source is switchable between two precisely defined output currents. A terminal of a coupling capacitor is coupled to the gate of an output MOSFET. The other terminal of the capacitor is switched between two reference voltages to toggle the output MOSFET to output the selected one of the two currents. A switchable bias voltage source is coupled to the gate only during the on state of the output MOSFET to set the gate voltage of the output MOSFET. The current output of the current source is quickly and accurately changed. A reference MOSFET is not directly coupled to the output MOSFET, so there are no slow settling components coupled to the gate of the output MOSFET.

Abstract: An embodiment of an analog-to-digital converter system is described wherein an analog voltage signal Vin(t) is provided by an input amplifier. The analog signal Vin(t) has a predetermined full-scale range that is less wide than a reference voltage (Vref) range used by a downstream ADC to derive a first digital (numerical) representation D1(k) of a sampled value Vin(k) of the analog signal Vin(t). The first digital representation has N bits. A digital circuit then converts the N-bit D1(k) code to a second numerical representation D2(k) of the sampled analog voltage Vin(k) with respect to the full-scale range of the ADC system. The D2(k) code has P bits of resolution, which may be less than N bits. The P-bit D2(k) code representing Vin(k) is the output of the ADC system. Therefore, the width of the reference voltage range applied to the ADC is greater than the width of the system's full-scale range at the output of the system.

Abstract: A method for estimating optical power in an optical channel includes determining a tunable filter full-width, FWF, by measuring a response of the tunable filter to a known signal and mapping the response to frequency. A portion of an optical channel is coupled to an input of the tunable optical filter. A peak power response, PR, and a full width tunable filter response, FWR, to the optical channel are determined by measuring a response of the tunable filter to the optical channel and mapping the response to frequency. A signal power, PS, is then calculated from the peak power response, PR, and a ratio of the full width tunable filter response, FWR, to the tunable filter full-width, FWF.

Abstract: An interferometer includes an optical beam splitter that splits an input optical signal into a first optical signal propagating in a first optical path comprising free space and a second optical signal propagating in a second optical path comprising a dielectric medium. A differential delay delays the second optical signal relative to the first optical signal by a differential delay time that is proportional to at least one of a temperature and a refractive index of the dielectric medium. A temperature controller in thermal contact with the dielectric medium changes the temperature of the dielectric medium to control at least one of thermal expansion/contraction and a temperature dependent change in the refractive index of the dielectric medium, thereby changing the differential phase delay.

Abstract: In accordance with the embodiments of the present invention, an alarm system is provided. The alarm system includes a system controller coupled to at least one initiation device. At least one textual notification device such as for example a signboard is coupled to the system controller. In one embodiment, the textual notification device is a multi-line signboard having an alarm input and a secondary input. The textual notification device is supervised, controlled, and powered integrally with the system controller. In an additional embodiment, an audible generator can be provided that provides an audible message in conjunction with the visual message on the textual notification devices.

Abstract: An actual linear amplifier distorts an input signal, such as an RF signal, and generates third order intermodulation (IM3) products. In an embodiment of a Class A amplifier, the linear amplifier is a bipolar, common emitter-configured (CE) transistor using a cascode transistor to provide a fixed collector bias voltage to the CE transistor. The CE transistor has a transconductance vs. base-emitter voltage (VBE) characteristic which, when plotted, shows a transconductance that increases with an increasing VBE to a maximum, then drops, then tapers off, wherein there is an inflection point between the maximum transconductance and where the transconductance tapers off. A DC bias circuit provides a DC bias voltage to the base of the CE transistor that causes the CE transistor's operating point to track the inflection point over a range of temperatures. This operating point causes the IM3 products to be greatly reduced.

Abstract: An actual linear amplifier distorts an input signal, such as an RF signal, and generates third order intermodulation (IM3) products. A single-port predistortion circuit is connected at a single node of an input line to the amplifier via an AC coupling capacitor. The fundamental frequency of the input signal is applied to a forward biased diode junction. The current through the diode is applied to a second capacitor. The appropriate setting of a tuning device, such as a tunable resistor or a tunable capacitor, causes the predistortion circuit to invert the second harmonic generated by the diode. The inverted second harmonic signal is applied to the single node of the input line to add predistortion to the signal applied to the amplifier. The predistortion cancels or substantially reduces the IM3 products at the output of the amplifier.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer of opposite conductivity type, a first epitaxial layer of the first conductivity type formed on sidewalls of the trenches, and a second epitaxial layer of the second conductivity type formed on the first epitaxial layer where the second epitaxial layer is electrically connected to the second semiconductor layer. The first epitaxial layer and the second epitaxial layer form parallel doped regions along the sidewalls of the trenches, each having uniform doping concentration. The second epitaxial layer has a first thickness and a first doping concentration and the first epitaxial layer and a mesa of the first semiconductor layer together having a second thickness and a second average doping concentration where the first and second thicknesses and the first doping concentration and second average doping concentrations are selected to achieve charge balance in operation.

Abstract: A transmission line pre-emphasis circuit includes a primary signal path receiving a digital data stream and generating a primary output current indicative of the digital data stream, one or more secondary signal paths each incorporating a network implementing a specific transient response where the one or more secondary signal paths receive the digital data stream and generate secondary output currents representing one or more overshoot signals indicative of the transient response of the respective network. The one or more secondary signal paths have variable gain being programmed through respective DC programming signals. The secondary output currents are summed with the primary output current. The transmission line pre-emphasis circuit further includes an output loading stage coupled to generate from the summed current a pre-emphasized digital output signal indicative of the one or more overshoot signals added to the digital data stream.

Abstract: A radio system for a motor vehicle includes a digital antenna coupled by a digital link to a base unit. The digital antenna includes an antenna and a programmable radio tuner coupled to the antenna located exterior of the vehicle, and a first network interface coupled to the radio tuner. The radio tuner selectively tunes to a radio frequency (RF) and convert a RF signal to a baseband signal. The first network interface transmits the baseband signal over the digital link to the base unit.

Abstract: A vertical transient voltage suppressing (TVS) device includes a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type where the substrate is heavily doped, an epitaxial layer of the first conductivity type formed on the substrate where the epitaxial layer has a first thickness, and a base region of a second conductivity type formed in the epitaxial layer where the base region is positioned in a middle region of the epitaxial layer. The base region and the epitaxial layer provide a substantially symmetrical vertical doping profile on both sides of the base region. In one embodiment, the base region is formed by high energy implantation. In another embodiment, the base region is formed as a buried layer. The doping concentrations of the epitaxial layer and the base region are selected to configure the TVS device as a punchthrough diode based TVS or an avalanche mode TVS.

Abstract: The invention is a method of playing computerized card games against real or virtual players. The cards games are usually variations of poker, where the quality of the players' hands is due to skill and strategy rather than the luck of the draw. Players request desired cards from a computerized dealer without knowledge of which cards other players have requested. A null card, which has no value in determining the outcome of the game, is delivered to players who request the same card as another player has requested regardless of whether the card was requested previously or during the current round. In another embodiment, a null card is delivered only when two or more players request the same card during the current round or if a player requests a card that has already been distributed.