Abstract: A method and apparatus for Disc Layout and Optimization (DLO) receives input such as a list of disc elements, a list of scene links, compiled code files, and still media files. The DLO also obtains information, e.g., from a work order, regarding the size of the target DVD disc, the number of layers on the disc, and whether the disc is a dual layer disc, the type of tracking used, i.e., parallel or opposite, etc. A scene is made up of one or more JARs, which are hierarchical. Navigation information from the scene code builder informs the DLO of the JAR types and scene flow. This allows the program to arrange the JARs and content to minimize the elapsed time between scenes. To accomplish this, a called JAR is placed within a reasonable distance of its calling JAR. If necessary, JARs will be replicated on the disc so as to keep the elapsed time as short as possible. Furthermore, replicated JARs that have no use will be deleted.

Abstract: In a linear motor coil assembly (12), and a method for manufacturing the same, a plurality of coils (14) are arranged in a line in a direction of movement and have respective coil axes perpendicular to the direction of movement of the motor. A flat cooling tube (20) is arranged to meander inside the plurality of coils. The cooling tube has a cross section elongated in a direction parallel to the coil axes, and a plurality of clearance holes (25) through which coolant flows are formed inside the cooling tube. The cooling tube has interleaved folds at least equal in number to the number of coils. The coils being fitted into these folds. At the time of manufacture of the coil assembly, the coils are wound around cores that are divided for each coil, and the cores are inserted into the folds of the cooling tube.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for making predictions about entities represented in documents and for information analysis of text documents or the like, from a large number of such documents. Predictive models are executed responsive to variables derived from canonical documents to determine documents containing desired attributes or characteristics. The canonical documents are derived from standardized documents, which, in turn, are derived from original documents.

Abstract: A film and a method of applying the film to a handrail of an escalator or moving walkway are provided. The film can be a single or double layered film. Printed matter, e.g. advertising, can be applied to or between the films. An apparatus and related method for applying the film are also included and rely on the motion of the handrail to unroll a supply of the film, with one or more rollers pressing the film onto the handrail.

Abstract: In a linear motor coil assembly (12), and a method for manufacturing the same, a plurality of coils (14) are arranged in a line in a direction of movement and have respective coil axes perpendicular to the direction of movement of the motor. A flat cooling tube (20) is arranged to meander inside the plurality of coils. The cooling tube has a cross section elongated in a direction parallel to the coil axes, and a plurality of clearance holes (25) through which coolant flows are formed inside the cooling tube. The cooling tube has interleaved folds at least equal in number to the number of coils. The coils being fitted into these folds. At the time of manufacture of the coil assembly, the coils are wound around cores that are divided for each coil, and the cores are inserted into the folds of the cooling tube.

Abstract: A linear direct current motor comprises a center yoke (1) ending in the longitudinal direction X, an outer yoke (31) arranged parallel to the center yoke, a peat magnet (41) for generating magnetic field between the outer yoke and the center yoke, and a coil assembly (10) that is movable in the longitudinal direction X having an opening through which the center yoke passes. This coil assembly includes a flat cooling pipe (7) having a cross section elongated in the longitudinal direction and a U-shaped fold for passing the center yoke through, a manifold (9) having a cooling medium inlet (9A) and a cooling medium outlet (9B) and being connected to both ends of the cooling pipe, and a coil (5) wound around the cooling pipe and the manifold.

Abstract: A seal for preventing leakage of fluid from an opening (42) formed in a side wall (41) of a work tank (40) of a wire electric discharge machine comprises a slide plate (1) movable with respect to the work tank for closing the opening, and a rail member (22) attached to the work tank for guiding movements of the slide plate. The slide plate gas a waterproof thin flexible strip (13) and a number of rigid blocks (11, 12) attached to the flexible strip and arranged in a row so as to engage with each other at the edges. The rigid block gas a convex edge (111) and a concave edge (112) complementary to the convex edge. A method of forming the seal is also disclosed.

Abstract: A small hole electric discharge machine for forming a small hole in a workpiece by generating electric discharge between a rotating elongate pipe electrode (49) having a diameter of 1.0 mm or less and the workpiece. The small hole electric discharge machine may contain a column (11), a W-axis slider (21, 23) attached to the column so as to be moveable in the direction of a vertical W-axis, a Z-axis slider (31) attached to the W-axis slider so as to be moveable in the direction of a vertical Z-axis, a machine head (40) attached to the Z-axis slider the pipe electrode being attached to the machine head, a linear motor (90) for moving the Z-axis slider, and a gas spring (50) for generating a balance force to counteract the gravitational force acting on the Z-axis slider.

Abstract: A linear motor armature (1) is constructed by connecting in series a front module (10), at least one intermediate module (20), and a back module (30). The front module includes a first fluid passage, one end of which can be connected to the outside of the armature and the other end of which is open to the back edge (11B) of the front module, and a fifth fluid passage, one end of which can be connected to the outside of the armature and the other end of which is open at the back edge of the front module. The at least one intermediate module includes a second fluid passage, one end of which is open at the front edge (21A) of the intermediate module and the other end of which is open at the back edge (21B) of the intermediate module, and a fourth fluid passage, one end of which is open at the front edge of the intermediate module and the other end of which is open at the back edge of the intermediate module.

Abstract: A structure and method are described that make it possible to store both open-format data and closed-format data on a single storage medium, such as a DVD disc, by organizing the data in an open file data system and a specialized closed file data system. The closed file data system may be encapsulated in the open file data system The storage medium is segmented into open file data spaces, containing data recorded using the open-format techniques, and closed file data spaces, containing data recorded using closed-format techniques, or using a specialized technique. The open-format data can be accessed using both open-format and close-format hardware, whereas the closed-format data can only be accessed using specialized hardware.

Abstract: An electric discharge machine having an electrode mounting device (42) for mounting a tool electrode, a quill (41) movable in the vertical direction and having the tool mounting device attached to a lower end, at least two linear motor movers (43, 44) attached to the quill and disposed symmetrically about the central axis of the quill, at least two linear motor stators (31, 32), each disposed opposite one of the at least two movers, and a balance device (6) for balancing a gravitational force acting on the quill. The balance device has an air cylinder (60) arranged coaxially with the quill so that a balance force having a force vector aligned with the central axis of the quill is generated. The air cylinder is preferably mounted in a hole formed in the center of the quill and extends in a vertical direction.

Abstract: A dielectric fluid system (2) for an electric discharge machining apparatus includes an auxiliary tank (22) positioned at or higher than a work tank (12) and a dielectric fluid reservoir (21), a filter device (23), and a first pump (P1) and a second pump (P2) upstream and downstream of the filter device 23. Dielectric fluid in the dielectric fluid reservoir (21) is filtered by the filter device (23), and pumped to the auxiliary tank (22) using the first and second pumps (P1) and (P2). The filtered dielectric fluid is then rapid fed from the auxiliary tank (22) to the work tank (12). During electric discharge machining, dielectric fluid is pumped from the work tank (12), filtered, then cooled and circulated directly back to the work tank (12). A flushing pipe line and a third pump (P3) may be added into the circulating pipe line.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for selective collision-induced dissociation of a substance, by resonance excitation of ions. An ion stream is supplied into a quadrupole ion guide operated at elevated pressure with a buffer gas. In addition to a radio frequency field for guiding ions through the ion guide, an extra field or other excitation is provided. This field is selected to cause resonance excitation of parent ions of interest. These ions gain kinetic energy and undergo enhanced collision-induced dissociation with a buffer gas. This generates fragment ions, so that the resultant ion stream, containing remaining parent ions and fragment ions can be analyzed in a suitable analyzer. The method essentially enables the two steps of selection of a particular parent ion and generation of fragment ions by collision-induced dissociation to be carried out in a single step, giving a simpler apparatus and enhanced efficiency.

Abstract: A wire electric discharge machine including a saddle (13) provided on a bed (1), an X axis linear motor for moving the saddle in a horizontal X axis direction, a lower arm (11), to which a lower wire guide device (8) is attached, extends in the direction of a Y axis which is orthogonal to but in the same plane as the X axis. A ram (15), to which the lower arm is attached, is provided on the saddle, having a Y axis linear motor for moving the ram in the Y axis direction. The X axis linear motor includes a row of magnets (24a) fixed to the bed and an electromagnet (24b) fixed to a lower surface of the saddle, and the Y axis linear motor comprises an electromagnet (25b) fixed to an upper surface of the saddle and a row of magnets (25a) fixed to the ram.

Abstract: An injection molding machine mold clamping device (1) comprising an electromechanical mold opening and closing mechanism, a hydraulic mold clamping. mechanism, and a mold thickness adjustment device, said mold thickness adjustment device comprising a first detection device (70) for detecting the position of a mold clamping ram (51), a second detection device (90) for optically detecting the position of a half nut device (20), and a mold clamping ram position control device (90) for hydraulically holding and controlling the position of the mold clamping ram (51). The position of the half nut device (20) is held by hydraulic control at the mold thickness adjustment position during mold opening and closing. In the initial mold opening and closing operation, the large mold opening force exerted by the mold clamping ram (51) may be used to open the mold.

Abstract: An electric discharge machining apparatus includes a first movable body (40, 42, 50) movable along the Z axis, a ball screw (34), a motor (30) for causing rotation of the ball screw, a nut (35), attached to the first movable body, threadingly engaging the ball screw, a second movable body (10, 13) movable along the Z axis relative to the first movable body, capable of having the tool electrode attached thereto, and a linear motor (71, 72, 73) for moving the second movable body, for machining a workpiece by moving a tool electrode along a Z axis towards the workpiece while causing an electric discharge between the workpiece and the tool electrode. The linear motor includes a stator (73) attached to the first movable body, and a mover (71, 72) attached to the second movable body. The first and second movable bodies include respective electrode attachment units (50, 13).

Abstract: A pipe electrode holder for holding an elongated pipe electrode (6) having a relatively small diameter, the pipe electrode holder being coaxially attached to a rotating spindle (7) of a small hole electric discharge machine. The pipe electrode holder has a cylinder capable of fitting into the rotating spindle, the cylinder having a threaded upper end and a through hole (1a), and a collet (2) for gripping the pipe electrode having a through hole (2a) through which the pipe electrode may pass, the collet being fit into the through hole of the cylinder. A holder head (5) capable of adjusting the gripping force of the collet is not screwed to the lower end of the cylinder from which the pipe electrode extends, but to the threaded upper end of the cylinder.

Abstract: A power supply for an electric discharge machine which provides electrical power intermittently for discharge machining in a machining gap formed between an electrode and a work piece. The power supply comprises a direct current power source, a switching element connected between the direct current power source and the processing gap, a gate pulse generating circuit which generates a gate pulse signal for energizing the switching element and a protection network connected between the switching element and the gate pulse generating circuit.

Abstract: A power supply (100) and a method for electric discharge machining by repeatedly providing a current pulse to a working gap (3) formed between a tool electrode (1) and a workpiece (2) includes a d.c. power source (E), first switching elements (Tr1-Trn) connected between the d.c. power source and the working gap, capacitors (C1-C8) connected in parallel with the working gap, second switching elements (67) for controlling current flow from the capacitor to the working gap, a detector (50) for detecting start of an electric discharge, and a controller (20) for controlling the first switching elements and the second switching elements in response to the detector. Current is supplied from the d.c.

Abstract: A method of treating household refuse wherein selection, communication, etc., the fraction of the total refuse containing biodegradable organic dry matter is delivered to an anaerobic fermentation process. Anaerobic fermentation is carried out until all the dry matter is exhausted, degradation rates of the biodegradable organic dry matter (OTSbiol) of 70% and more being attained. The resultant fermentation residue is subjected to a drying process in which the dry matter portion is increased to at least 90%. The resultant dry material no longer exhibits any biological activity. The exhaustive anaerobic fermentation process enables a maximum amount of biogas to be produced, its energy content being sufficient to supply the drying process.