Abstract: According to the invention, an improved class of amphoteric surfactant having improved surfactant properties characterized as mild and environmentally safe has been provided comprising compounds of the formula: ##STR1## The amphoteric surfactant of the subject invention have at least two hydrophobic moieties and at least two hydrophilic groups per molecule and are useful as emulsifiers, detergents, dispersants and solubilizing agents.

Abstract: Novel liquid detergent compositions are provided which contain a high purity amphoteric surfactant, one or more anionic surfactants and a nonionic foam boosting compound.

Abstract: Novel aqueous thickener or thixotropic polymers are prepared by the copolymerization of (A) about 15-60 weight percent of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, preferably acrylic or methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof with itaconic or fumaric acid, (B) about 15-80 weight percent of a nonionic copolymerizable C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably a monovinyl ester such as ethyl acrylate or a mixture thereof with styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, and (C) about 1-30 weight percent of a new and novel nonionic ethylenically unsaturated nonionic biphillic monomer such as tristyrylpoly(ethyleneoxy).sub.x methyl acrylate, to provide a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion at an acid pH lower than about 5.0 but becoming an effective thickener for aqueous systems upon adjustment to a pH of about 5.5-10.5 or higher. These polymers adjusted to a pH of about 5.

Abstract: A process for preparing blends or slurries of acyloxyalkane sulfonate salts is provided. The salts have the formula:R.sub.1 C(O)O(CH.sub.2).sub.n SO.sub.3 Ywherein R.sub.1 is a hydrocarbyl radical having from about 6 to about 26 carbon atoms, n is an integer of from 2 to 4 and Y is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. The blend also comprises an amphoteric and/or anionic surfactant. The first step of the process comprises acylating an alkane sulfonic acid with a fatty acid at a temperature above about 180.degree. C. forming a molten reaction mass of acyloxyalkane sulfonate salts. In the next step, the molten reaction mass is quenched in an aqueous quench liquid comprising an amphoteric and/or anionic surfactant. Finally, a blend comprising an acyloxyalkane sulfonate and an amphoteric and/or anionic surfactant is recovered.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cleaning compound comprising, by volume:1% to 99% of at least one compound (a) comprising a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain which is saturated or which has at least one unsaturation, and comprising at least two aryl or alkylaryl radicals, the aromatic nucleus of at least two aryl and/or alkylaryl radicals comprising 6 carbon atoms.99% to 1% of at least one polar aprotic compound (b) which is at least partly soluble in water and in compound (a).

Abstract: Novel aqueous thickener or thixotropic polymers are prepared by the copolymerization of (A) about 15-60 weight percent of a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, preferably acrylic or methacrylic acid or a mixture thereof with itaconic or fumaric acid, (B) about 15-80 weight percent of a nonionic copolymerizable C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 alpha, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, preferably a monovinyl ester such as ethyl acrylate or a mixture thereof with styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride or vinyl acetate, and (C) about 1-30 weight percent of a new and novel nonionic ethylenically unsaturated nonionic biphillic monomer such as tristyrylpoly(ethyleneoxy).sub.x methyl acrylate, to provide a stable aqueous colloidal dispersion at an acid pH lower than about 5.0 but becoming an effective thickener for aqueous systems upon adjustment to a pH of about 5.5-10.5 or higher. These polymers adjusted to a pH of about 5.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a new aqueous dispersion of surface active polymer which demonstrates enhanced surface active and performance properties more particularly as a foaming agent. The polymer comprises a vinyl monomer having at least one quaternized nitrogen atom, a vinyl monomer having at least one amide group, a vinyl monomer bearing both a hydrophobic and a hydrophylic group and optionally, a vinyl carboxylic monomer.

Abstract: A fuel additive system is disclosed which comprises a sensing device for determining the flow rate of fuel into the system and for generating a signal in dependence upon the fuel flow rate, a control system for conditioning the signal to produce a proportional speed of a variable speed motor, a metering pump driven by the motor for dispensing an additive into the fuel flow at a rate proportionate to the speed of the motor, and a valving device for controlling the rate of increase in the fuel flow rate to permit the control system and the metering pump to respond to the variations within an effective response time to substantially maintain a predetermined ratio between the fuel flow rate and the additive dispensing rate.

Abstract: According to the invention, an improved class of amphoteric surfactant having improved surfactant properties characterized as mild and environmentally safe has been provided comprising compounds of the formula: ##STR1## The amphoteric surfactant of the subject invention have at least two hydrophobic moieties and at least two hydrophilic groups per molecule and are useful as emulsifiers, detergents, dispersants and solubilizing agents.

Abstract: Improve surfactant recovery upon ultrafiltration of a surfactant-containing aqueous solution can be obtained using an amphoteric surfactant as the surfactant.

Abstract: According to the invention, an improved class of quaternary cationic surfactants having two imidazolinium groups have been provided comprising compounds of the formula: ##STR1## The surfactants of the subject invention have two hydrophobic moieties and two hydrophilic groups per molecule and are useful as hair and fabric conditioners as well as biocidal agents.

Abstract: According to the invention, an improved class of anionic surfactants having improved surfactant properties characterized as mild and environmentally safe have been provided comprising compounds of the formula: ##STR1## The anionic surfactants of the invention have at least two hydrophobic chains and at least two hydrophilic groups per molecule and are useful as emulsifiers, detergents, dispersant and solubilizing agents.

Abstract: A cereal or grain hydrolysate-containing composition which is derived from the enzymatic, e.g., amylase, hydrolysis of cereal or grain in combination with a hydrocolloid, preferably carrageenan or a blend of xanthan gum and locust bean gum, can be effectively used as a fat mimic in preparing low fat comminuted meat products. Thermo-irreversible gels useful for providing non-fat fat mimics can also be prepared in accordance with the invention. In addition to amylase, the enzyme used for the hydrolysis of the cereal/grain substrate can be selected from the group consisting of amyloglucosidases (.alpha.-1,4-glucan glucohydrolase), cellulases (.beta.-1,4-glucanohydrolase), pullulanases (pullulane 6-glucanohydrolase), cyclodextrine glycosyltransferase (.alpha.-1,4-glucan-4-glycosyltransferase), proteases and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A single runner ski-sled is provided wherein the main structure is adapted for one piece molding techniques with sufficient strength for effective use. The runner is designed to be rigid. The device of the invention also includes a seat attachment structure that allows for easy installation and removal yet can withstand strong pressures.

Abstract: A liquid resin-forming composition contains a polyether-ene such as a polyallyl glycidyl ether, a free radical-polymerizable monomer such as an acrylate ester, a free radical initiator such as an organic peroxide and/or an organic hydroperoxide and a promoter such as an amine and/or polyvalent metal carboxylate. Certain properties of the composition, specifically, its volatiles content, flash point and viscosity, can be such as to make the composition particularly useful for application to a solid permeable substrate such as a concrete structure where, upon curing, the resulting resin will heal and/or seal pores and/or small cracks in the substrate preventing or lessening its penetration by liquids.

Abstract: Uniform, free-flowing, non-friable P.sub.2 S.sub.5 granules having a predetermined reactivity can be produced by accretion by spraying molten P.sub.2 S.sub.5 Sonto cascading, smaller solid particles of P.sub.2 S.sub.5. The process can be used to produce any reactivity grade of P.sub.2 S.sub.5 by adjusting processing conditions. The process can also be used to produce P.sub.2 S.sub.5 in a form suitable for bulk shipping.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of L-aspartic acid by treatment of ammonium aspartate using an alcoholic (preferably methanolic or ethanolic) fumaric acid solution according to an added fumaric acid/ammonium aspartate present molar ratio of the order of 0.05 to 0.8 and preferably of the order of 0.1 to 0.65, the said alcoholic solution containing of the order of 1 to 15% and preferably of 3 to 10% of its weight of fumaric acid.

Abstract: Uniform, free-flowing, non-friable P.sub.2 S.sub.5 granules having a predetermined reactivity can be produced by accretion by spraying molten P.sub.2 S.sub.5 onto cascading, smaller solid particles of P.sub.2 S.sub.5. The process can be used to produce any reactivity grade of P.sub.2 S.sub.5 by adjusting processing conditions. The process can also be used to produce P.sub.2 S.sub.5 in a form suitable for bulk shipping.

Abstract: A fuel additive system is disclosed which comprises a sensing device for determining the flow rate of fuel into the system and for generating a signal in dependence upon the fuel flow rate, a control system for conditioning the signal to produce a proportional speed of a variable speed motor, a metering pump driven by the motor for dispensing an additive into the fuel flow at a rate proportionate to the speed of the motor, and a valving device for controlling the rate of increase in the fuel flow rate to permit the control system and the metering pump to respond to the variations within an effective response time to substantially maintain a predetermined ratio between the fuel flow rate and the additive dispensing rate.

Abstract: A siloxane-based lubricant composition contains a mixture of nonreactive and reactive polydimethylsiloxanes, crosslinker and sufficient amounts of surfactant and water to provide an emulsion. The composition contains no methyl hydrogen silane, dimethyl hydrogen silane and/or polymethyl hydrogen siloxane and therefore releases no hydrogen gas during storage or during use.