Abstract: Fish fillets, particularly those from high fat fish, can be storage stabilized and yield stabilized by means of a composition containing an alkali metal tripolyphosphate hydrated with lemon juice solids, an alkali metal acid pyrophosphate and an alkali metal sorbate at sorbate levels significantly less than required by prior art and without citric acid.

Abstract: A particulate solid activator comprising a porous material containing absorbed ammonium phosphate can be prepared by a process which comprises: heating a slurry of the porous material and an ammonium phosphate solution; and then spray drying the slurry to obtain the particulate solid activator. The porous material can be diatomaceous earth. The resulting particulate solid activator can be dry blended with a magnesium-containing compound, e.g. MgO, and an optional aggregate to form a magnesium phosphate fast-setting cement mixture. This mixture reacts in the presence of an aqueous component at ambient temperature to form a monolithic solid.

Abstract: A process for treating a pyrophoric P.sub.4 -containing material to convert it to a substantially non-pyrophoric P.sub.2 O.sub.5 material is described. The process comprises supplying streams of fluid P.sub.4 -containing material and an oxygen-containing gas to a reactor filled with water. The P.sub.4 -containing material and the oxygen and the oxygen-containing gas react with one another after both have entered the aqueous medium within the reactor to thereby form the desired P.sub.2 O.sub.5 material.

Abstract: The monofluorophosphate compatibility of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate can be improved in processes in which a slaked lime slurry is reacted with phosphoric acid to form a monocalcium phosphate solution to which is added magnesium oxide, additional lime slurry and pyrophosphoric acid with later removal of the dicalcium phosphate dihydrate. The improvement involved adding the magnesium oxide at 0.3%-2% and adding 0.1%--less than 0.5% of trimagnesium phosphate to the recovered dicalcium phosphate dihydrate.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing potassium metaphosphate is provided which comprises reacting potassium ions, preferably from the carbonate or bicarbonate, with phosphare ions in an amount sufficient to provide a K/P molar ratio ranging from about 0.85 to about 0.95 substantially in the absence of metal ion other than potassium under heat for a period of time and at a temperature sufficient to convert the potassium and phosphate ions to potassium metaphosphate but insufficient to overconvert. A product of higher viscosity can be obtained by dissolving the potassium metaphosphate in sodium bicarbonate rather than using other sources of sodium ion, particularly when the potassium metaphosphate is prepared with potassium bicarbonate or potassium carbonate.

Abstract: A filter cake formed of a glass precursor material and impregnated with a normally leachable toxicant can be heated, preferably with at least one other glass precursor material, at a sufficiently high temperature to form a molten composition which solidifies, upon cooling, to form a glass. The normally leachable toxicant becomes fixed within the glass rendering it substantially more non-leachable allowing for a more environmentally sound means for disposal, e.g., by landfill techniques. The process can be used to treat the arsenic sulfide-impregnated filter cake derived from the manufacture of food grade phosphoric acid.

Abstract: An improved process for the manufacture of soda ash from trona by the sodium carbonate monohydrate method utilizing an activated carbon treatment of evaporator fines bleed.

Abstract: A particulate solid activator comprising a porous material containing absorbed P.sub.2 O.sub.5 values can be prepared by a process which comprises spray drying a slurry of a liquid P.sub.2 O.sub.5 material and the porous material to obtain the particulate solid. The P.sub.2 O.sub.5 material can be a mixture of a phosphoric acid and an ammonium phosphate solution. The porous material can be diatomaceous earth. The resulting particulate solid activator can be dry blended with a magnesium-containing compound, e.g. MgO, and an optional aggregate to form a magnesium phosphate fast-setting cement mixture. This mixture reacts in the presence of an aqueous component at ambient temperature to form a monolithic solid.

Abstract: Meats having the necessary low-interior-acid level for acid foods and which are more natural, better tasting, and have a better texture than that presently obtained using the encapsulated-acid process can be prepared by a process including the steps of salting a meat emulsion to extract salt-soluble protein for binding, extruding the emulsion into a hot salt solution, cooking with agitation in the hot salt solution to heat set the exterior of the protein, followed by further treating of the meat in an acid solution containing salt to reduce the pH of the meat particles. The use of expensive fat-coated acids is unnecessary to obtain an acidified meat product.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the racemization of amino acids and derivatives thereof. The racemization process of the present invention uses an aromatic aldehyde-containing polymer made from the reaction of a hydroxyaromatic aldehyde with a chloromethylated vinylbenzene polymer under reaction conditions to form an aromatic aldehyde-containing polymer wherein the aldehydic moiety is linked to the polymer through an ether linkage. There is also disclosed a process for the production of the racemization catalyst. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a process for the promotion of the racemization reaction wherein a tertiary amine-containing resin is used as a promoting agent.

Abstract: A frozen dough can be prepared by formulating the frozen dough with a hydrocolloid and a fermentation aid. The dough is prepared by conventional methods and frozen before proofing. Upon removal from the freezer the dough can be thaw-proofed in an oven and baked in a short period of time.

Abstract: The rate of reaction of alkali metal acid pyrophosphate leavening acids can be stabilized significantly while still providing a leavening system which will proof by blending the alkali metal pyrophosphate with an oxide or hydroxide of magnesium.The leavening acid compositions of the invention find particular use in refrigerated canned doughs.

Abstract: A clear, calcium-fortified aqueous acidic beverage is provided which can contain large amounts of dietary calcium while remaining clear and storage stable even during pasteurization and refrigeration. The beverage can comprise a clear aqueous solution of an organic calcium compound such as calcium gluconate at a pH of about 4 and below wherein the calcium compound content does not exceed the solubility limit of the compound in water. An inorganic calcium salt can be used alone or in combination with an organic calcium compound to form an acidic beverage provided the pH is adjusted with an organic acid.

Abstract: Liquid mixed triaryl thiophosphate mixtures can be prepared by forming a mixture of phenol and substituted phenols, forming a phosphite from that mixture and sulfurizing the phosphite, washing the thiophosphate with aqueous base, and drying the so washed thiophosphate under mild conditions. The products are liquid while containing at least 25 percent symmetrical triaryl thiophosphate. Colorless and odorless products are prepared.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for the racemization of amino acids and derivatives thereof. The racemization process of the present invention uses an aromatic aldehyde-containing polymer made from the reaction of a hydroxy-aromatic aldehyde with a chloromethylated vinylbenzene polymer under reaction conditions to form an aromatic aldehyde-containing polymer wherein the aldehydic moiety is linked to the polymer through an ether linkage. There is also disclosed a process for the production of the racemization catalyst. Another embodiment of the invention comprises a process for the promotion of the racemization reaction wherein a tertiary amine-containing resin is used as a promoting agent.

Abstract: A granular anhydrous dicalcium phosphate having a particle of a size sufficient for direct compression tablets and a surface area of greater than 5 meters.sup.2 /gram can be direct compression tableted. This product can be prepared by dehydrating granules of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate of a particle size sufficient for direct compression tableting and sufficiently large to allow the dehydration of the granules without lumping and without fracturing a majority of the granules. The granules are heated at a temperature sufficient to form anhydrous dicalcium phosphate. The product is a granular anhydrous dicalcium phosphate exhibiting good compressibility, flowability and whiteness while being in an anhydrous state.

Abstract: There is disclosed a number of processes for the promotion of the Raney Nickel catalyzed hydrogenation of carbon-carbon double bonds. (a) One process uses tertiary amines to promote the Raney Nickel catalyzed hydrogenation. (b) Another process uses acetylene and acetylene derivatives to promote the Raney Nickel catalyzed hydrogenation. The promotion of Raney Nickel catalyst is particularly suited for the reduction of unsaturated hydantoins to saturated hydantoins and also for the reduction of cyclic and acyclic olefins and diolefins to the corresponding cyclic and acyclic alkanes.

Abstract: A granular directly compressible anhydrous dicalcium phosphate having a particle size sufficient for efficient direct compression tableting, preferably at least 90 percent greater than 44 microns, a dentin abrasion value of less than 150 and a surface area of greater than 5 meters.sup.2 /gram can be prepared by dehydrating particles of soft dicalcium phosphate dihydrate of a particle size insufficient for direct compression tableting, preferably at least 10 percent less than about 44 microns such as by heating at a temperature sufficient to form anhydrous dicalcium phosphate. The dehydrated particles are then granulated with a binder. The product is a granular anhydrous dicalcium phosphate exhibiting good compressibility and flowability while being in an anhydrous state.

Abstract: Fish fillets can be storage stabilized and yield stabilized by means of a composition containing an alkali metal hexametaphosphate, an alkali metal acid pyrophosphate and an alkali metal sorbate at sorbate levels significantly less than required by prior art and without citric acid.

Abstract: Racemic mixtures of partially water-soluble esters defined by the formula ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1 represent hydrogen and C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl;R.sub.2 represents C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl andX represents halogen, aliphatic or aromatic groups and substituted derivatives thereof wherein R, R.sub.1 and X are differentcan be resolved by reducing the water solubility of a racemic mixture of said esters by means other than changing the chemical composition of the ester, contacting the racemic mixture of esters of reduced water solubility with a lipase enzyme from Candida cylindracea capable of stereospecifically resolving the racemic mixture of hydrolysis and stereospecifically resolving the racemic mixture.