Abstract: A process for drying concrete to the appropriate moisture content for proper impregnation of the concrete with a polymer or a monomer for in situ polymerization. This is accomplished by heating the concrete until its temperature at the desired depth of polymer penetration is at least about 230.degree. F. In another embodiment of the invention the dried concrete is impregnated with a monomer composition capable of polymerization and is polymerized within the concrete.

Abstract: A pressure stabilizer device designed to be placed on the vent line of underground gasoline storage tanks in a service station. The pressure stabilizer is designed to allow inbreathing in the event a vacuum develops in the underground storage system or outbreathing in the event the pressure becomes too great. The stabilizer has an open aperture of a predetermined size to allow a given amount of inbreathing or outbreathing. The stabilizer also includes a gravity operated valve arrangement which opens in response to a given high pressure within the underground storage system to increase the aperture size of the stabilizer and allow a pressure release.

Abstract: A process for making an N-aroyl derivative of an aromatic imide which comprises reacting an aromatic o-dicarboxylic acid anhydride with a nitrile at a temperature of at least about 250.degree. C and in the presence of a labile proton source.

Abstract: A process for making naphthenic type lubricating oils from a low VI waxy crude which comprises distilling said low VI waxy crude to 500.degree. to 650.degree. F at atmospheric pressure to separate distillable fractions therefrom, subjecting the residue to a vacuum distillation at about 25 to about 125 mm Hg absolute pressure to obtain one or more gas oil fractions, optionally hydrotreating said gas oil fractions in the presence of a Ni/Mo catalyst at 550.degree. to 650.degree. F, 0.25 to 1.0 LHSV, and 700-1500 psig, and catalytically dewaxing said distillates in the presence of a H.sup.+ form mordenite catalyst containing a Group VI or Group VIII metal at 550.degree. to 750.degree. F, 500 to 1500 psig and 0.25 to 5.0 LHSV, to obtain said naphthenic type oils having pour points to from about -60.degree. to +20.degree. F.

Abstract: A system for offloading granular materials from a tanker designed to carry oil. The tanker includes pressurized holds for oil and a blower system coupled to the pressurized holds. The pressurized nature of the holds and the blower system already existing on, or added to, the ship are utilized to unload granular materials from the holds. In one embodiment, two concentric pipes extend through one or more Butterworth openings in the top of each hold. The outer pipe has several openings in it near the top of the hold. When the ship blower system is turned on, air is pumped into the hold, through the openings in the outer pipe, down the outer pipe to a discharge end near the bottom of the hold, into the granular material which it entrains, and then up the inner concentric pipe out of the pressurized hold. In another embodiment, air is pumped down one leg of a U shaped pipe to the bottom where granular material is entrained by the air, and is pumped up the second leg of the pipe and out of the hold.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of terephthalic acid which comprises electrolyzing disodium terephthalate in the anode compartment of an electrolytic cell whereby terephthalic acid product is precipitated and subsequently separated. In a preferred embodiment the disodium terephthalate is obtained by the aqueous hydrolysis of terephthalonitrile in the presence of a stoichiometric excess of sodium hydroxide.

Abstract: A process for making aromatic carboxylic acids by reacting carbon monoxide with an aromatic compound in the presence of a mixture of a thallium salt and a palladium salt whereby highly efficient use of the available oxidant is achieved.

Abstract: A process for making terephthalic acid which comprises electrolyzing an aqueous solution of potassium acid terephthalate, preferably in the presence of a potassium salt of an acid stronger than terephthalic acid. In another embodiment of the invention terephthalonitrile is converted to terephthalic acid by hydrolyzing terephthalonitrile in an aqueous medium containing dipotassium terephthalate, potassium bicarbonate, and potassium hydroxide, stripping ammonia and carbon dioxide from the hydrolyzed product, adding carbon dioxide to the stripped hydrolysis product to precipitate monopotassium terephthalate, and electrolyzing said monopotassium terephthalate in the presence of an acid stronger than terephthalic acid to precipitate terephthalic acid and separating said terephthalic acid product.

Abstract: A process for impregnating concrete which comprises:(a) partially drying said concrete to a moisture content of from about 4% to about 8% by weight,(b) impregnating said dried concrete by allowing it to absorb a liquid epoxy resin at elevated temperature and at atmospheric pressure, and(c) curing said epoxy resin in situ by heating said impregnated concrete to a temperature of from about 150.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. for at least about 24 hours, using as catalyst the water remaining in said partially dried concrete.

Abstract: A process for making refrigeration oils without acid treating and clay contacting steps which comprises subjecting a naphthenic oil to a first hydrogenation step at a temperature of from about 550.degree. to about 660.degree. F, a hydrogen pressure of from about 500 to about 1500 psig., and in the presence of a nickel-molybdenum or cobalt-molybdenum catalyst, subjecting the hydrogenated oil to a second hydrogenation treatment under the same conditions, catalytically dewaxing the twice hydrogenated oil and percolating the dewaxed oil through bauxite.

Abstract: In the liquid phase catalytic oxidation of alkylsubstituted aromatic compounds to the corresponding aldehyde and alcohols the improvement of modifying the reaction to yield the corresponding cyanohydrin ester, which comprises carrying out said oxidation in the presence of HCN or an alkali metal cyanide and an anhydride of the ester moiety.

Abstract: In the preparation of an alkylene glycol such as ethylene glycol by hydrolysis of the corresponding aliphatic acid ester, the improvement which comprises hydrolyzing the ester in a distillation column, taking to a condenser as overhead a vaporous mixture of water and aliphatic acid from the hydrolysis column, which immiscible stream is mixed with vapors of a water immiscible aliphatic ketone in the condenser, condensing the mixture and conducting the condensate to a settling tank where an upper ketone phase containing extracted aliphatic acid and a lower aqueous phase is formed, recycling the aqueous phase to the hydrolysis column, feeding the ketone phase to a distillation column where the ketone is distilled off and returned to the condenser, and separating essentially anhydrous aliphatic acid from the bottom of the distillation column.

Abstract: A distillation column reactor which provides a relatively long residence time with a minimum drop in pressure which comprises a distillation column containing standard trays with downcomers, a liquid reservoir between the trays, and vapor ports provided through said reservoir, whereby liquid from said downcomers enters said reservoir thereby providing increased liquid residence time in said column.

Abstract: In the process of methylating toluene to obtain a mixture of xylenes by contacting toluene with hydrogen and a carbon oxide-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, the improvement of using as catalyst zinc chromite mixed with an alkali metal exchanged molecular sieve containing a stoichiometric excess of an alkali metal carbonate, whereby a more favorable proportion of p-xylene is obtained.

Abstract: A process for isomerizing cyclohexanebis(methylamine) by contacting it with an organometallic compound at a temperature of from about 100.degree. to about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for making terephthalic acid of high purity by feeding an aqueous equilibrium hydrolysis solution of terephthalonitrile to a reactive distillation column operated at a temperature of from about 200.degree. C to about 260.degree. C at autogenous pressure where the equilibrium solution is subjected simultaneously to further hydrolysis and distillation of ammonia while maintaining the concentration of aromatic materials in the aqueous liquid in said column sufficiently high to effect precipitation of dissolved terephthalic acid, removing the water vapor and ammonia from the top of the column, subjecting bottoms product in said column to further hydrolysis and distillation in a reboiler, returning vapor from the reboiler to the distillation column, removing an aqueous slurry of terephthalic acid from the reboiler and separating terephthalic acid product.

Abstract: A process for making technical white oils in a single step hydrogenation and without the need for acid treating to meet white oil specification by hydrogenating a hydrocracked solvent extracted lubricating oil distilling between 650.degree. and 1050.degree. F., having a SUS/100.degree. F. viscosity of about 200 and an aromatic content of less than about 15% in a single step at 600.degree. to 700.degree. F., and at 2000 to 3000 psig in the presence of a catalyst comprising nickel and tungsten supported on silica-alumina, subjecting the hydrogenated solvent extracted lube oil to atmospheric distillation to remove distillates useful as fuels and subjecting the bottoms of said atmospheric distillation to a vacuum distillation to yield various viscosity grades of technical white oils.

Abstract: A control system for a gasoline dispensing nozzle which includes a locking system for placing the nozzle in an inoperative mode once the nozzle automatically shuts off. Resetting of the locking system is then required before operation of the nozzle can again be commenced. The locking system includes a biased member which maintains the automatic shut-off system in its disabling mode once it disables the nozzle. This locking system is designed primarily for use on a dispensing nozzle with a vapor receiving system and is used to discourage an operator of the nozzle from overfilling a gasoline tank, which results in increasing the risk of spilling gasoline or forcing gasoline back through the vapor return line. An alternative embodiment using magnetic locking means is also provided.An actuator for the resetting operation is also provided for limiting the number of times the locking system can be reset during each filling operation.

Abstract: In the process of manufacturing a refrigeration oil where an oil stock is dewaxed by forming a complex with urea in the presence of an activator, the improvement of adding hot vacuum gas oil to the separated urea complex whereby the activator is flashed off and is recycled for reuse and the slurry of the urea complex in the gas oil is treated with hot water to break the adduct and separate a water-urea mixture and oil and paraffin. The improved method enables accurate and uniform temperature control and degradation of urea is suppressed.

Abstract: In an ammoxidation process where reactant gases comprised of a lower alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, oxygen, and ammonia are passed over an ammoxidation catalyst in a fixed or fluidized bed system, the improvement of reducing combustion of hydrocarbon and ammonia and achieving a more favorable product distribution by distributing a stream containing reactant oxygen throughout the catalyst bed.