Abstract: In a process for dehydration and concentration of sewage sludge containing activated sludge with the aid of organic and/or inorganic flocculators, the activated sludge content is produced in an aerated biological purification stage in presence of a composition containinga) folic acid and/or dihydrofolic acid or at least one ammonium, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and/or alkanolammonium salt thereof andb) a water-soluble molybdenum compound,whereby an improved sludge dehydration of the activated sludge content is achieved.

Abstract: A self-doped conducting polymer having along its backbone a .pi.-electron conjugated system which comprises a plurality of monomer units, between about 0.01 and 100 mole % of the units having covalently linked thereto at least one Bronsted acid group. The conductive zwitterionic polymer is also provided, as are monomers useful in the preparation of the polymer and electrodes comprising the polymer.

Abstract: An exothermic process for forming a product which may be in a liquid phase is disclosed wherein a first reactant, preferably a liquid reactant, is directly fed into a reaction zone containing mixing elements and which comprises a first compartment of a reactor. A second reactant, which is maintained at a higher pressure, is fed into a second compartment of the reactor separated from the first compartment by a porous wall. The second reactant passes through this porous wall into the reaction zone to react with the first reactant. The process thereby controls rates of the reactions and the exothermic heats generated by the reactions. Pulsatile flow in one or both reaction compartments improves mixing. An evaporator for a portion of the product improves product quality and permits higher reaction temperatures in the reactor.