Abstract: A process for the removal of a high percentage of NOx and SOx from the gaseous effluent of a metal pickling operation comprising passing the effluent through an aqueous scrubber, treating the gaseous effluent from the scrubber with ozone, passing the effluent from the ozone treatment through a second aqueous scrubber thereby removing at least 80 vol % of the NOx and SOx present in the original effluent. The scrubbing solutions in both of the scrubbers preferably have a pH of from 7 to 14, more preferably 10 to 14. The scrubbing solutions in both scrubbers are caustic solutions containing sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. The NOx and SOx in the scrubbers are converted into nitrate salts and sulfate salts, which are removed from the scrubbers.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 2, 1998
Date of Patent:
November 16, 1999
Assignee:
The Boc Group, Inc.
Inventors:
Neeraj Saxena, Robert Francis Workosky, Mark H. Anderson, Shuen-Cheng Hwang
Abstract: The present invention provides for a method and system for determining the concentration of a surfactant in a transparent hydrocarbon by performing the steps of adding a solid to the hydrocarbon; adding a second masking reagent to the hydrocarbon; mixing to form a dispersion; separating the dispersion from the mixture; and measuring the optical absorption of the dispersion.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 14, 1997
Date of Patent:
November 9, 1999
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
Wiley L. Parker, Alan E. Goliaszewski, Nancy R. Calvert
Abstract: Substantially all of the carbon dioxide is removed from a gas containing up to about 1% by volume carbon dioxide by subjecting the gas to a pressure swing adsorption process using as the adsorbent a single layer of zeolite having a silicon to aluminum atomic ratio in the range of 1.5 to 70. The process is particularly suitable for removing substantially all carbon dioxide and water vapor contained in air prior to subjecting the air to cryogenic distillation.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 25, 1997
Date of Patent:
November 9, 1999
Assignee:
The BOC Group, Inc.
Inventors:
Ravi Kumar, Shuguang Deng, Martin Bulow, Frank Fitch, Adeola Florence Ojo, Craig S. Gittleman
Abstract: Disclosed is a method for reducing the concentration of amines in hydrocarbon fluids and process streams by generating therein a nitrosating agent. The nitrosating agent will react with the amines to form innocuous by-products under refinery process conditions.
Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising tannin containing hydroxyl groups which has been (a) chemically modified by reaction of at least one of said hydroxyl groups with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an esterification agent (e.g. acetic anhydride), etherification agent (e.g. dichloromethane or quaternary organic amine such as N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride) to form the corresponding ester, or ether, through said hydroxyl group, and (b) derivatized. The chemically modified tannin is derivatized by reaction with aldehyhde (e.g. formaldehyde), or aldehyde and at least one member selected from the group consisting of ammonia and organic amine containing at least one primary or secondary nitrogen (e.g. cyclohexyl amine); said derivatized tannin being water soluble or dispersable at a pH below 7 and water insoluble at a pH above 7.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 16, 1998
Date of Patent:
November 2, 1999
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
David Brian Mitchell, Ralph Lemmel Minnis, Thomas Peter Curran, Steven M Deboo, John Arthur Kelly, Rashmi Patwardhan, Wun Ten Tai
Abstract: A gas delivery system includes a capsule for storing a propellant fluid, e.g. helium under pressure, e.g. between about 60 and 80 bar. The capsule is provided with a stopper having a stem formed with a frangible section. In use, mechanical means is employed to rupture the stem about the frangible section to release the fluid under high pressure.
Abstract: Composition and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. The methods add to the pulp or to the deposition prone surface of the papermaking system a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having 50 to 100% hydrolysis, a high molecular weight gelatin having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or higher, and a cationic polymer.
Abstract: The present invention provides for methods and compositions for removing stickies and pitch from papermaking fiber by first chemically treating the papermaking fiber with a composition of at least two of an oil-soluble or water-dispersible hydrophobic polymer, an oil soluble or water-dispersible surfactant having an HLB of about 1 to about 10, a tackifier, and an oil soluble or water-dispersible solvent then mechanically separating the agglomerated stickies and pitch from the papermaking fiber.
Abstract: Tannin containing polymers, their method of production and methods of using as water treatment agents are disclosed. The tannin containing polymers comprise copolymers of tannin and a cationic monomer. Another embodiment comprises tannin containing polymers of tannin, cationic monomer and at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an anionic monomer and a nonionic monomer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 8, 1997
Date of Patent:
June 29, 1999
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
Jen-Chi Chen, Fu Chen, Gerald C. Walterick, Jr.
Abstract: Alkylphosphonate ester compounds or acids thereof are disclosed as effective fouling inhibitors in liquid hydrocarbonaceous medium undergoing processing at elevated temperatures.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 1, 1996
Date of Patent:
June 8, 1999
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
William S. Carey, Jeffrey H. Peltier, Alan E. Goliaszewski
Abstract: The polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer such as isoprene, butadiene and acrylonitrile is inhibited during storage or handling thereof by the addition of a dihydroxycinnamic acid or derivative thereof.
Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. Albumins, globulins or blends thereof and spray-dried animal blood cells are added to the pulp or sprayed onto deposition prone surfaces of a papermaking system suffering from organic contaminants.
Abstract: The present invention provides for methods and compositions for inhibiting the corrosion of iron-containing metals in contact with aqueous systems. The present invention further provides for compositions and methods for inhibiting pitting of iron-containing metals in contact with aqueous systems. The methods include the use of a copolymer of acrylic or methacrylic acid and 2-acetoacetoxyethylmethacrylate with or without a polyvalent metal salt or a polyhydroxy-polycarboxylic acid.
Abstract: The present invention provides for methods for fumigating soil containing deleterious organisms such as nematodes. The methods utilize an effective amount of acrolein which when added to the soil will control the organisms but will not exhibit phytotoxicity towards the existing or future plant life and an effective amount of a detoxification compound such as for example: sulfites, bisulfites, ammonia or ammonium compounds.
Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting the deposition of organic contaminants from pulp in pulp and papermaking systems are disclosed. The methods add to the pulp or to the deposition prone surface of the papermaking system a composition comprising a polyvinyl alcohol having 50 to 100% hydrolysis and a high molecular weight gelatin having a molecular weight of about 100,000 or higher.
Abstract: Methods and compositions for inhibiting fouling in vinyl monomers are disclosed. Alkylphosphonate esters or acids thereof are added to vinyl monomers, particularly ethylene dichloride, that are undergoing processing to inhibit fouling.
Abstract: Tannin containing polymers, their method of production and methods of using as water treatment agents are disclosed. The polymers are aldehyde-free and comprise copolymers of tannin and a cationic monomer. Another embodiment comprises aldehyde-free polymers of tannin, cationic monomer and at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an anionic monomer and a nonionic monomer.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 20, 1997
Date of Patent:
December 8, 1998
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
Jen-Chi Chen, Fu Chen, Gerald C. Walterick, Jr., Stephen R. Vasconcellos
Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising tannin containing hydroxyl groups which has been (a) chemically modified by reaction of at least one of said hydroxyl groups with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an esterification agent (e.g. acetic anhydride), etherification agent (e.g. dichloromethane or quaternary organic amine such as N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride) to form the corresponding ester, or ether, through said hydroxyl group, and (b) derivatized. The chemically modified tannin is derivatized by reaction with aldehyhde (e.g. formaldehyde), or aldehyde and at least one member selected from the group consisting of ammonia and organic amine containing at least one primary or secondary nitrogen (e.g. cyclohexyl amine); said derivatized tannin being water soluble or dispersable at a pH below 7 and water insoluble at a pH above 7.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 4, 1997
Date of Patent:
December 1, 1998
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
David Brian Mitchell, Ralph Lemmel Minnis, Thomas Peter Curran, Steven M Deboo, John Arthur Kelly, Rashmi Patwardhan, Wun Ten Tai
Abstract: There is provided a composition comprising tannin containing hydroxyl groups which has been (a) chemically modified by reaction of at least one of said hydroxyl groups with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an esterification agent (e.g. acetic anhydride), etherification agent (e.g. dichloromethane or quaternary organic amine such as N-(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride) to form the corresponding ester, or ether, through said hydroxyl group, and (b) derivatized. The chemically modified tannin is derivatized by reaction with aldehyhde (e.g. formaldehyde), or aldehyde and at least one member selected from the group consisting of ammonia and organic amine containing at least one primary or secondary nitrogen (e.g. cyclohexyl amine); said derivatized tannin being water soluble or dispersable at a pH below 7 and water insoluble at a pH above 7.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 6, 1995
Date of Patent:
November 3, 1998
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
David Brian Mitchell, Ralph Lemmel Minnis, Thomas Peter Curran, Steven M. Deboo, John Arthur Kelly, Rashmi Patwardhan, Wun Ten Tai
Abstract: A method of treating an aqueous system is described which comprises incorporating in the system a hydroxylamine derivative of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 which may be the same or different represents hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or aryl or a water soluble salt thereof or a precursor thereof, and a tannin in a weight ratio of at least 2:1. This is particularly useful for boiler water systems.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 19, 1995
Date of Patent:
November 3, 1998
Assignee:
BetzDearborn Inc.
Inventors:
Brian Greaves, Stephen Clifford Poole, Chih Ming Hwa, Joseph Chwei-Jer Fan