Abstract: A video signal processing system which detects a change of the video data in the video signal supplied by a source by comparing the source video signal with a variable reference signal derived from a predetermined number of sampled fields of the source video signal but which excludes the video data of those pixels whose video data fluctuates during the sampled frames.

Abstract: A television receiver of the type which simultaneously displays a main, live picture and one or more sub-pictures inset therein and which is provided with a step-by-step switch and associated circuitry which allows the user to operate the step-by-step switch and either display the main, live picture and as sub-pictures, a series of still pictures taken at different points in time from the main picture, or the main, live picture and as sub-pictures a series of still pictures taken at different points in time from a second video signal along with a live sub-picture of the second video signal.

Abstract: An electronic entertainment device which allows an untrained vocalist or instrumentalist to easily synthesize an instrumental lead, and optionally, one or more harmonies, simultaneous with the lead, playing along with predefined background musical sequences. While the background parts to a song are being played by the device, or any outside musical player, the user plays the melody, or "lead", by humming, singing, whistling, or operating any tone-producing device, such as a musical instrument, into the device. The device then identifies the pitch, compares it with a table of allowable pitches, as dictated by predefined data associated with the background music, chooses an appropriate output tone, and drives a music synthesizer to play the chosen instrument at the determined pitch, in accordance with the allowable pitches. The note which is produced by the device is one which sounds pleasing in the context of the musical background.

Abstract: An optical pick-up apparatus comprises a light beam generating source, an objective lens for causing a light beam from the light beam generating source to impinge upon a record medium and receiving a reflected light beam from the record medium, a beam splitter for separating the reflected light beam from the light beam impinging upon the record medium, an analyzer constituted by first and second prisms each made of rock crystal and bonded together for producing at least three light beams based on the reflected light beam, and a photodetecting unit for detecting the light beams emerging from the analyzer.

Abstract: A still image reproduction apparatus wherein still images recorded on tracks on a disk are visually reproduced for a predetermined minimum time interval in response to the direction and amount of rotation of an operator adjustable dial so that the operator can visually identify the still image displayed on the monitor when the operator dials quick switching of the still images in a sequential reproduction mode.

Abstract: A chrominance signal processing circuit having N (N.gtoreq.2) band-pass filters for dividing a chrominance signal into N regions and N signal processing circuits respectively having different noise eliminating characteristics from each other and each being connected in series to a different one of the N band-pass filters, and means for synthesizing the outputs from the N signal processing circuits to obtain a chrominance signal wherein noise and cross color interference are suppressed.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus comprising a plurality of video signal correlation detecting means for detecting the values of video signal correlations in a plurality of ways with respect to the displayed picture, and intermediate value selecting means for selecting an intermediate value among the detected values of the plurality of video signal correlations, whereby a changing video signal is processed by utilizing a correlation of a proper way.

Abstract: A signal selecting circuit comprising a plurality of input terminals supplied with a plurality of signals, respectively, a plurality of gate circuits connected to the plurality of input terminals, respectively, a plurality of output terminals supplied with the plurality of signals through the plurality of gate circuits, respectively, a sequence counter for generating count values in order to designte one of the plurality of gate circuits, a decoding circuit for decoding the count values from the sequence counter so as to produce a plurality of gate signals so as to circulatively open the gate circuits and detecting circuit connected to the plurality of gate circuits and for detecting when at least one of the plurality of signals is obtained through one of the gate circuits which is in open state so as to produce an inhibiting signal being provided to the counter to stop the counting operation thereof and to keep the designation of the counter at the last designated gate circuit so that the plurality of signal

Abstract: A composite television/film camera in which, in one embodiment, a movable mirror provided for selectively permitting the light having passed through the lens to be incident upon either a photosensitive film or the light receiving surface of a television camera. When the mirror is repositioned to divert light to the film, a predetermined segment of the video signal which immediately preceded the repositioning of the mirror is read from an electronic memory and is outputted as the video signal so that no apparent interruption of the video signal occurs when a film exposure is being made.

Abstract: A picture-in-picture television receiver is so arranged that the compression ratio of a sub-picture discrimination character displayed on a sub-picture screen relative to a main picture discrimination character is selected to be smaller than that of the sub-picture relative to the main picture, whereby the sub-picture discrimination character is displayed relatively large in an easier-to-see form.

Abstract: An error correction method for successively correcting burst errors which may occur in product-coded data while the data is successively transmitted along its row (or column) direction, in which 1-symbol errors are detected and corrected by a C.sub.2 parity provided to correct data errors of the product-coded data in its column (or row) direction and which is capable of detecting and correcting 1-symbol errors and effecting an erasure correction on up to 2-symbol errors and in which when it is detected that a burst error has occurred, which cannot be corrected by a C.sub.1 parity provided to correct data errors in the row (or column) direction, and such burst error extends over 3 rows (or columns), inherent 2-symbol errors within such burst error are detected from 3-symbol errors which are located in columns (or rows) before and after the columns (or rows) at which 1-symbol errors are detected and corrected by the C.sub.2 parity with reference to detection information of the burst error detected by the C.sub.

Abstract: A knowledge system incorporating a graphic display which allows the user, at any time during the use of the system, to select a part of one of the displayed chucks of knowledge (or the only one) and to perform a command which will automatically display the link(s) of a certain nature to other chunks of knowledge. The latter chunks are thus dynamically added to the drawing. The same function can be applied recursively in any direction until no further knowledge chunks are to be displayed. The resulting drawing can be larger than the display screen and graphic window or screen scrolling mechanisms allow one to move from one area of the overall graph to another.

Abstract: A recording and/or reproducing apparatus for a cassette mounted, flexible magnetic disk, wherein the apparatus includes a cassette holder which rides upon camming surfaces carried by a slide plate which, when moved relative to the cassette holder, lowers the cassette holder onto a disk drive turntable in a manner such that the end of the holder closest to the magnetic recording/reproducing heads is lowered last whereby the disk is fully chucked by the turntable before being engaged by upper and lower magnetic recording/reproducing heads.

Abstract: A color video signal processing circuit comprising an input terminal through which a color video signal including chrominance and luminance signals is supplied, a signal separating portion which includes both a subtraction-type comb-filter by which a first signal is derived from the color video signal and an addition-type comb-filter by which a second signal is derived from the color video signal, a level modifying portion for emphasizing the level of a first segment of the first signal residing in a predetermined frequency band lower than the frequency band of the chrominance signal and attenuating the level of a second segment of the first signal residing in the frequency band of the chrominance signal, an adder for adding an output of the level modifying portion to the second signal, a first output portion connected to the signal separating portion, and a second output portion connected to the adder.

Abstract: An automatic color temperature adjusting system for a television receiver which is capable of eliminating an unstable picture condition during the turn on transition period. The automatic color temperature adjusting system has a gain control circuit associated with a feedback loop for controlling the amplifier characteristics of an amplifier in each color channel. The gain control circuit is responsive to the turning on of the power supply to lower the gain of each amplifier to a given level. The gain control circuit adjusts the gain of the amplifier to gradually increase the gain to reach a normal gain level after a given period of time.

Abstract: A disc cartridge including a housing main body having an opening portion for exposing a disc-shaped recording medium to the outside and for rotatably housing therein the disc-shaped recording medium, a shutter for opening and/or closing the opening portion of the housing main body and which is slidably attached to the housing main body so as to be movable in the direction perpendicular to the direction along which the disc cartridge is inserted into a recording and/or reproducing apparatus and in both the right and left directions with the opening portion of the housing main body as the center, a lid attached to the housing main body so as to be openable and closable for the opening portion, and a locking device which is formed on the housing main body and comprises an engaging portion to be engaged with the engaging portion formed on the lid, a single flexible arm member, an operation portion for breaking the engagement between the engaging portion and the engaging portion formed on the lid and a guide porti

Abstract: A picture-in-picture type television receiver in which a sub-picture screen is inset within a main picture screen to allow the same or different pictures to be simultaneously displayed and which includes a circuit for separately displaying the channel numbers of both the main and sub-picture screens momentarily whenever the picture content of the sub-picture screen is changed and whenever the picture content of the main picture is changed if the sub-picture is display.

Abstract: A focusing control method and apparatus employing a photodetector for generating a focusing error signal, a tracking error signal and an RF signal, and a closed loop focusing servo circuit responsive to the focusing error signal applied thereto for focusing a light spot in position on an optical disc. The focusing error signal is detected synchronously with the tracking error signal to produce a first periodic function signal. The focusing error signal is detected synchronously with the RF signal to produce a second periodic function signal. The tracking error signal is converted into a sin-wave signal having a predetermined amplitude. The RF signal is converted into a cos-wave signal having a predetermined amplitude. The first periodic function signal is multiplied by the cos-wave signal to produce a first component signal. The second periodic function signal is multiplied by the sin-wave signal to produce a second component signal.

Abstract: A protocol converting apparatus in which when character information electronic signals of a NAPLPS (North American Presentation Level Protocol Syntax) system are displayed on a user terminal apparatus of a CAPTAIN (Character And Pattern Telephone Access Information electronic signal Network) system, the overflow condition in a row direction and the overflow condition in a column direction are detected and in which in the case of the overflow condition in a column, an overflow character information electronic signal is temporarily stored in a memory, whereby the NAPLPS character information electronic signal can be used by all user terminals of the CAPTAIN system.

Abstract: A helical scan type video tape recorder (VTR) having an editing function mode in which a new video signal can be inserted between a cut-in point and cut-out point on a previously recorded on a video tape.