Abstract: A musical scale recognition apparatus includes an analog/digital converter and a processor, and can determine by the processor how close an input analog audio signal is to a musical scale of a musical tone to be recognized by repeatedly performing a calculation of a cumulative value As to find a coefficient of a Fourier sine series of the audio signal on the basis of a frequency f and digital data D, a cumulative value Ac to find a coefficient of a Fourier cosine series of the audio signal on the basis of the frequency f and the digital data D, and a frequency power spectrum effective value A of the audio signal on the basis of the cumulative value As and the cumulative value Ac, wherein the digital data into which the input analog audio signal is converted by the analog/digital converter is D, the frequency (musical scale) of the musical tone to be recognized is f, and a current time is t.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a programmable logic device which intends to reduce electric power consumption or heat generation sufficiently as a whole device while preventing a clock skew from being generated and retaining a processing speed of the device. To this end, according to the present invention, there is provided a device including logic blocks for carrying out logical operation, lines for connecting the logic blocks, line-changing means for changing the state of lines connecting the logic blocks by programming, a clock net for supplying a clock signal to each of the logic blocks, and clock control means for dynamically controlling switching between a clock signal supply mode and a clock signal stop mode for each logic block so that at least one non-active logic block of the logic blocks can be stopped from being supplied with the clock signal.

Abstract: An input part and a feedback part are arranged in series between a second power supply line and input nodes of inverting circuits. The input part connects the second power supply line to one of the input nodes of the inverting circuits in accordance with an input signal. One of the inverting circuits operates so that a logical value corresponding to the input signal is latched into a latching part. The feedback part connects only one of the input nodes to the input part in accordance with an output level of the latching part, thereby fixing the latching state of the latching part. Since the number of stages of circuits from the input part to the latching part can be reduced, the input signal can be latched reliably even when the power supply voltages are low.

Abstract: A resistance element (4) is provided by a thin film on the surface of an insulating substrate (1) consisting of, for example, alumina, and having a rectangular planar shape, so as to extend from one end to the opposite other end thereof. Connected to the opposite ends of the resistance element, respectively, top surface electrodes (21) (21a, 21b), (31) (31a, 31b) and back surface electrodes (22), (32) are formed by a thick film, on the surface and the other side at the opposite ends of the insulating substrate, and the top surface and back surface electrodes are electrically connected by thick-film electrodes such as side surface electrodes (23), (33). A protective film (5) (51 to 53) is provided on the surface of the resistance element.

Abstract: A console for a vehicle includes a sliding-type lid which is mounted on a console body having a tray and which opens and closes an opening in an upper surface of the tray. A goods-supporting member is mounted on the lid and is capable of being selectively moved between an operative position in which it protrudes toward the opening in the tray to prevent the falling-down of goods put in an upright attitude in the tray, and a standby position in which it is housed in the lid, when the lid is in its opened position. Thus, it is possible to prevent the falling-down of the goods put in the upright attitude in the tray without bringing about decrease in internal volume of the tray and increase in size of the console body.

Abstract: A drive force distribution apparatus for a hybrid vehicle having an engine for driving a pair of first drive wheels and an electric motor for driving a pair of second drive wheels. The drive force distribution apparatus includes a first clutch, a second clutch, and a battery. The apparatus further includes a first unit for deciding the distribution between a drive for driving the first drive wheels and a drive force for driving the second drive wheels, a second unit for deciding the distribution between a drive force for driving one of the second drive wheels and a drive force for driving the other of the second drive wheels according to a detected vehicle speed, steering angle, and yaw rate, and a clutch control unit for controlling a degree of engagement of each of the first and second clutches according to the distribution decided by the second unit.

Abstract: Compounds of formula CH2Y—CH(COOR1)—O—CF2CF2—SO2F, usable in the synthesis of the fluorosulphonic vinylether —CF2═CF—O——CF2CF2—SO2F.

Abstract: A wheel bearing device having an outer ring with an attachment flange and two rows of raceway surfaces in the inner periphery, a hub ring having a wheel-attaching flange and one raceway surface in the outer periphery, an inner ring fitted on a stepped portion of the hub ring and having the other raceway surface in the outer periphery, and two rows of rolling elements. The end of the hub ring is crimped for integration, wherein the pre-crimping end on the hub ring is a hollow cylindrical portion with wall-thickness gradually increases toward the front end. Crimping imparts preload to the rolling elements and is effected by measuring the before-crimping axial dimension and controlling the lower dead point of a crimping punch according to the axial dimension so that the worked head height of the crimp portion is made constant.

Abstract: The asynchronous data burst transfer circuit includes a data burst transfer oscillation circuit which outputs n strobe signals of mutually different phases, plural parallel-serial conversion circuits which convert n-bit parallel signals into serial signals, and plural serial-parallel conversion circuits which convert serial signals into n-bit parallel signals. The parallel-serial conversion circuits convert every n-bit parallel signals of data read from a memory into serial signals based on the strobe signals, and transfer the serial signals. The serial-parallel conversion circuits convert the received serial signals into n-bit parallel signals based on the strobe signals, thereby obtaining the parallel signals as the original data.

Abstract: A packet transfer apparatus for transferring data packets between devices connected to a bus includes a receiving circuit connected to the bus for receiving a packet from the bus and a transmit circuit, also connected to the bus, for forming and placing a transmit packet on the bus. A header identification circuit, connected to the receiving circuit, detects a packet header of the received packet and determines if the packet header indicates a DMA transfer operation. A first buffer is provided for storing the packet data when the packet header indicates a DMA transfer and a second buffer is provided for storing the packet data when the packet header does not indicate a DMA transfer. A memory is connected to the first buffer and stores the packet data it receives from the first buffer. The memory also transfers stored data to the first buffer. A DMA controller is provided to control a DMA operation between the memory and the first buffer.

Abstract: A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell in which a first reactant gas and a second reactant gas are supplied to generate electricity. An evaporator evaporates a raw fuel, which combustor exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell and uses the exhaust gas to evaporate and volatile a raw material for the first reactant gas. A reformer reforms the evaporated and volatilized raw fuel vapor of the raw material by a reforming catalyst to produce the first reactant gas. An air-introducing device introduces the air that is used to be reformed into the evaporator or the reformed in a manner wherein the flow rate of the air is controlled depending upon the output from the fuel cell and upon the temperature of the raw fuel vapor.

Abstract: A semiconductor storage device conducts a late-write operation. The semiconductor storage device comprises: a memory core circuit storing data; a data latch circuit storing preceding data corresponding to a preceding write-operation; an address compare circuit comparing a preceding address corresponding to the preceding write-operation and a present address corresponding to a present read-operation so as to determine whether the preceding address and the present address match each other; and a control circuit. The control circuit controls a test read-operation to read data from the memory core circuit regardless of whether the preceding address and the present address match each other.

Abstract: Base compositions (premix) comprising the following components: A) a perfluoropolyether phosphate; B) a solvent; C) water.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal-combustion engine, including a three-way catalyst, nitrogen oxide purifier that is disposed downstream of the three-way catalyst, an upstream oxygen sensor that is disposed between the three-way catalyst and the nitrogen oxide purifier, and a downstream oxygen sensor that is disposed downstream of the nitrogen oxide purifier. An abnormality determination criterion is set in accordance with the exhaust gas amount of the internal-combustion engine wherein the criterion is equivalent to a time period until the output of the downstream oxygen density sensor is read since the output of the upstream oxygen density sensor is changed to rich after the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas was over from lean to rich. Any abnormality of the nitrogen oxide purifier is determined when the output of the downstream oxygen density sensor has been changed to rich before the time period represented by the criterion elapses.

Abstract: A process for obtaining nitroxyalkylesters of the 2-(S)-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid having an enantiomeric excess higher than or equal to 95%, preferably higher than or equal to 98%, characterized in that an halide of the 2-(S)-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-propanoic acid of formula A-Hal, wherein A is the acid acyl residue, is reacted in an inert organic solvent with an aliphatic nitroxyalkanol HO—Y—ONO2, wherein Y is a C2-C20 alkylene or a cycloalkylene from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkylene as defined containing a cycloalkylene as defined, in the presence of an inorganic base.

Abstract: A mold releasing agent suitable for easily casting a cylindrical cast member which is superior in adhesion on cast parts at low cost, is provided. A mold releasing agent for a centrifugal casting mold comprises a binder, a heat insulating agent, and a foaming component having a foaming property, is dissolved in a solvent so as to form a slurry having a specific viscosity, and a mold releasing agent layer having crater shaped concave portions is formed by coating on the inside of an integral centrifugal casting mold.

Abstract: A reverse input blocking clutch comprises, as main elements, an input member, an output member, a stationary member for constraining the revolutions, locking device, lock release device and torque transmission device. By forming the input member, the output member, the stationary member and a fixed side plate from metal plates such as press worked steel plates, a compact, lightweight and low cost reverse input blocking clutch is provided. Reverse input torque from the output member is locked in both the forward and reverse rotational directions relative to the stationary member, by rollers which function as the locking device. Input torque from the input member in both the forward and reverse rotational directions is transmitted to the output member via apertures 1d and protrusions which function as the torque transmission device.

Abstract: A transmission comprises an engine, which is controllable to stop under a predetermined condition, and a speed change mechanism TM, which transmits the output rotation of the engine at different speed ratios. The speed change mechanism TM has a plurality of transmission paths (the LOW ratio, the SECOND speed ratio, etc.) disposed in parallel, a plurality of ratio-setting clutches (the LOW clutch 11, the SECOND speed clutch 12, etc.), each clutch for selecting a predetermined transmission path, and a speed change control system for selectively supplying a hydraulic pressure to any of the ratio-setting clutches to bring it into engagement. Engagement-initiation time is calculated for each ratio-setting clutch, so that the ratio-setting clutch requiring a minimum engagement-initiation time is selected as the clutch for the start-up speed ratio. When the engine is restarted from stopped state, this clutch for the start-up speed ratio is supplied with oil.

Abstract: A process for lowering toxic substance including nicotine in tobacco is disclosed. The process of the present invention comprises treating tobacco leaves with water, alcoholic drink, or a mixture thereof. It is also possible to lower the nicotine contents of tobacco by using licorice vinegar. Loess water, licorice, black beans, other vinegar than licorice vinegar, or salt can be added or as a mixture thereof in order to maintain the unique flavor and taste of tobacco.