Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing 3- and 6-substituted-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acids: ##STR1## wherein: X is a leaving group such as chloro, bromo, tosyl, mesyl or the like; and R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are, inter alia, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl and aralkyl. Such compounds (I), as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester and amide derivatives, are useful as antibiotics.

Abstract: Recombinant pre-S-HBsAg is purified by a rapid and efficient two step chromatographic process. Yeast cells expressing recobinant pre-S-HBsAg are disrupted, the cell contents are clarified and separated by polymerized human serum albumin affinity chromatography. The pre-S-HBsAg is further purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography using butyl agarose. This process results in pre-S-HBsAg that is greater than 90% pure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the total synthesis of thienamycin from L-aspartic acid via intermediate III: ##STR1##

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the total synthesis of thienamycin from L-aspartic acid via intermediate III: ##STR1## R=H, blocking group or salt cation.

Abstract: Carbapenems having the formula: ##STR1## wherein ##STR2## is mono- or bicyclic quaternary heteroaryl, their preparation and antibiotic use are disclosed.

Abstract: Carbapenems having the formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1 is H;R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are independently H, CH.sub.3 --, CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 --, (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH--, HOCH.sub.2 --, CH.sub.3 CH(OH)--, (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C(OH)--, FCH.sub.2, F.sub.2 CH--, F.sub.3 C--, CH.sub.3 CH(F)--, CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 --, (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C(F)--; X is --S--, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --O-- or --NH; L is a bridging group comprising substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 --C.sub.4 straight, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 branched or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl groups wherein the substituents are selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, O--C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, S--C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, CF.sub.3, N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl).sub.2 ; Y is a carboxy-containing substituent; Het is internally alkylated heteroarylium, ##STR2## or externally alkylated heteroarylium, ##STR3## their preparation and antibiotic use are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein X is ##STR2## wherein each R is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms are disclosed. The compounds are useful as antibiotics.

Abstract: Crystalline dimethyliminothienamycin having the formula ##STR1## and its preparation are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are 6- and 6,6-disubstituted-3-substituted amino-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-en-7-one-2-carboxylic acids (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, inter alia, independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, substituted and unsubstituted: alkyl, aryl, and aralkyl; and R' and R" are independently selected from the group consisting of: H, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl and aralkyl, or together form a substituted or unsubstituted cyclic group.Such compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester and amide derivatives are useful as antibiotics. Also disclosed are processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds and methods of treatment comprising administering compounds and compositions when an antibiotic effect is indicated.

Abstract: Novel plasmid pVE1, deletion mutants thereof, recombinant derivatives thereof, which is the same as the genome or nucleic acid of such plasmids and derivatives of such genome, which are useful as recombinant DNA cloning vectors into host organisms, such as bacteria, for example, Streptomyces avermitilis; portions of such plasmid genome are additionally useful as adjuncts in recombinant DNA cloning procedures, for examples: 1. to permit the maintenance of cloned DNA in the host, either in an integrated state or as an autonomous element; 2. to serve as promoters for increasing expression of endogenous or foreign genes wherein said promoters are ligated to such genes or otherwise serve as promoters; and 3.

Abstract: Disclosed are antibiotic 6-[1-hydroxyethyl]-2-SR.sup.8 -1-methyl-1-carbadethiapen-2-em-3-carboxylic acids and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters (I): ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.8 is ##STR2## and ##STR3## wherein: R.sup.8 is ##STR4## and wherein n and m are independently selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5; X is --NR; and Y is --R, or --NRR; and wherein R is independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, (having 1-6 carbon atoms); cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl (having 3-6 carbon atoms); and heterocyclyl, heteroaryl (having 3-6 ring atoms, one or more of which is N, O or S).

Abstract: This application discloses antibacterial cephems of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, heterocyclylalkyl, or aralkyl; R.sub.3 is a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring selected from: ##STR2## and X is sulfur or oxygen. Included also are pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters of such compounds; pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of treatment comprising such compositions when an antibiotic effect is needed.

Abstract: Carbapenems and 1-methylcarbapenems having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 CH.sub.2 --, (CH.sub.3).sub.2 CH--, HOCH.sub.2, CH.sub.3 CH(OH)--, (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C(OH)--, FCH.sub.2 --, F.sub.2 CH, F.sub.3 C--, CH.sub.3 CH(F)--, CH.sub.3 CF.sub.2 --, or (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C(F)--;R.sup.3 is H-- or CH.sub.3 ;L isa bridging group comprising substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 straight, C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 branched or C.sub.3 -C.sub.7 cycloalkyl groups wherein the substituents are selected from C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, O--C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, S--C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, CF.sub.3, N(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl).sub.2 ;N.sup.+ is a quaternary, monocyclic or bicyclic substituted or unsubstituted, heteroaryl group containing (a) when monocyclic, up to 3 heteroatoms and up to 6 total ring atoms, or (b) when bicyclic, up to 5 heteroatoms and 9-10 ring atoms, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups;their preparation and antibiotic use are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are 6- and 6,6-disubstituted-2-substituted thio-pen-2-em-3-carboxylic acids of the following structure: ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 are independently selected from: hydrogen; substituted and unsubstituted: alkyl, cycloalkyl, halo, alkoxyl, alkenyl, aralkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclylalkyl; W is an electron withdrawing group, and, for example, is selected from: --COR.sup.5, --CN, SO.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.5 ; R.sup.5 is hydrogen; substituted and unsubstituted: alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, or heterocyclylalkyl; or R.sup.5 may be --OR.sup.6, --NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, and --SR.sup.9 ; wherein R.sup.6 is H; substituted and unsubstituted: alkyl, alkenyl, or a group which defines --CO.sub.2 R.sup.6 as a pharmaceutically acceptable ester wherein R.sup.6 is, for example, phthalidyl, or 5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolen-4-ylmethyl; R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: Renin inhibitory peptides of the formula ##STR1## and analogs thereof inhibit renin and are useful for treating various forms of renin-associated hypertension and hyperaldosteronism.

Abstract: Renin inhibitory peptides of the formula ##STR1## and analogs thereof inhibit renin and are useful for treating various forms of renin-associated hypertension and hyperaldosteronism.

Abstract: Renin inhibitory peptides of the formula ##EQU1## and analogs thereof inhibit renin and are useful for treating various forms of renin-associated hypertension and hyperaldosteronism.

Abstract: Renin inhibitory peptides of the formula ##STR1## and analogs thereof inhibit renin and are useful for treating various forms of renin-associated hypertension and hyperaldosteronism.

Abstract: Renin inhibitory peptides of the formula ##STR1## and analogs thereof inhibit renin and are useful for treating various forms of renin-associated hypertension and hyperaldosteronism.

Abstract: Described are derivatives of glycolipids with substituted steroids bridged via a medium length hydrocarbon chain to 1-thio-D-mannopyranoses or 1-thio-L-fucopyranoses. These compounds protect an immunocompromised human or animal host against opportunistic infection by virtue of their immunostimulant properties.