Abstract: Aryl phosphonates of high purity, prepared by heating the corresponding aryl di-t-alkyl phosphite in the presence of a heterogeneous acidic reticular resin catalyst, are incorporated into various lubricant compositions to provide such compositions with improved antiwear properties.

Abstract: Compositions having excellent antioxidant characteristics are provided comprising organic media, normally susceptible to oxidation, e.g., oils of lubricant viscosity or greases prepared therefrom, containing a minor amount sufficient to impart antioxidant properties thereto of a mixture of certain organosulfur containing nickel complexes in combination with aryl amines, hindered phenols, quinones or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having uniform pores and greater than 40 percent crystallinity which comprises forming a critical reaction mixture containing a source of at least two cations, silica, alumina and water, wherein at least about 70 weight percent of the alumina is provided to the reaction mixture by an alumina-containing clay being added thereto, and maintaining the reaction mixture at a temperature and pressure for a time necessary to crystallize the crystalline aluminosilicate from the reaction mixture. It is desirable to preform said reaction mixture into discrete particles such as pellets or extrudates which retain their shape and acquire substantial strength in the crystallization process.

Abstract: A catalyst particularly applicable for the selective production of para dialkyl substituted benzenes is provided comprising a porous crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite which has undergone modification by deposition thereon of a coating of silica extensively covering, and residing substantially exclusively on the external surface thereof as a result of contact with a silicone compound of a molecular size incapable of entering the pores of the zeolite and subsequent heating in an oxygen-containing atmosphere to a temperature in excess of 300.degree. C. but below a temperature at which crystallinity of the zeolite is adversely affected at a rate such that the silicone compound does not volatilize prior to undergoing oxidation to silica.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a stabilized lubricating oil resistant to oxidation and sludge formation upon exposure to a highly oxidative environment, such as when metals are present and an overbased component is present in the lubricating oil, is provided. In the present process wherein a lubricating oil stock to be upgraded is contacted with elemental sulfur in the presence of a catalyst material selected from the group consisting of alumina, aluminosilicate, a metal of Groups II-A, II-B, VI-B or VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements, an oxide of a metal of Groups II-A, II-B, VI-B or VIII, a sulfide of a metal of Groups II-A, II-B, VI-B or VIII, clay, silica, silica combined with an oxide of a metal of Groups II-A, III-A, IV-B or V-B, and combinations thereof, at relatively low temperatures of from about 150.degree. to about 225.degree.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for converting lower monohydric alcohols and their ethers, especially methanol and dimethyl ethers, to a hydrocarbon mixture rich in C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 olefins and mononuclear aromatics with high selectivity for para-xylene production by contact, under conversion conditions, with a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, said zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12, said catalyst having been modified by the addition thereto of a minor proportion of an oxide of boron or magnesium either alone or in combination, or in further combination with an oxide of phosphorus.

Abstract: Aluminosilicate zeolites are prepared containing an outer aluminum-free shell. The outer shell is essentially SiO.sub.2 that has crystallized on the zeolite surface in the ZSM-5 type configuration, leading to a more selective catalyst.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions containing a dispersancy improving and antirust amount of the product obtained by reacting an alkenylsuccinic anhydride having from about 20 to about 500 carbon atoms with a member of the group consisting of: (A) an alkylene polyamine having the structureH.sub.2 N--(C.sub.n H.sub.2n NH).sub.x --C.sub.n H.sub.2n --NH.sub.2in which n is a whole number from 2 to 4, x is a whole number from 1 to 10, said anhydride being present in an amount sufficient to react with all amino groups in the alkylene polyamine; (B) a mono or a bis-alkenylsuccinimide of an alkylene polyamine; and (C) a glycol ester, aminoglycol ester, imidoester, amidoester or oxazoline ester of an alkenylsuccinic anhydride.

Abstract: Hydrogenation-dehydrogenation of suitable feedstock is provided wherein such feedstock is subjected to hydrogenation-dehydration conditions in the presence of a catalytic amount of a solid containing, at least in part, a synthetic amorphous solid prepared by hydrolyzing and polymerizing in the presence of water a silane having the formula R(Si)X.sub.3, wherein R is a nonhydrolyzable organic group, X is a hydrolyzable group and (Si) is selected from the group consisting of ##STR1## AND ##STR2## AND CALCINING THE POLYMERIZED PRODUCT, SAID SILANE BEING ADMIXED WITH A SECOND COMPOUND, R'.sub.n MY.sub.m, wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of the same groups as R, Y is selected from the group consisting of the same groups as X and oxygen, M is at least one member selected from the group consisting of the elements of Groups IIIA, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIB, VIIB and VIII of the Periodic Table, m is any number greater than 0 and up to 8 and n is from 0 to any number less than 8.

Abstract: A crystalline zeolite, designated ZSM-34, having the composition as synthesized and in anhydrous form, expressed as mole ratios of oxides as follows:(0.5-1.3)R.sub.2 O: (0-0.15)Na.sub.2 O: (0.10-0.50)K.sub.2 O: Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 : XSiO.sub.2where R is the organic nitrogen-containing cation derived from choline [(CH.sub.3).sub.3 NCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OH] and X is 8 to 50, said zeolite having an X-ray diffraction pattern, identifying it as a member of the offretite-erionite family and the ability, after calcination at 1000.degree. F for at least a period of time to remove the organic cation, to sorb at least 9.5 weight percent of n-hexane at ambient temperature and a n-hexane pressure of 20mm. Organic compound conversion is carried out in the presence of a catalytically-active form of said zeolite.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the ethylation of a mono alkyl benzene wherein the alkyl substituent contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms, i.e. toluene or ethylbenzene, to selectively produce the para ethyl derivative thereof, i.e. para ethyltoluene or para diethylbenzene by contacting said mono alkyl benzene, under conversion conditions, with an ethylating agent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, which zeolite is characterized by an activity, in terms of alpha value, of between about 2 and about 5000, and preferably between about 20 and about 500, a xylene sorption capacity greater than 1 gram/100 grams of zeolite and an ortho xylene sorption time for 30 percent of said capacity of greater than 10 minutes, said sorption capacity and sorption time being measured at 120.degree. C. and a xylene pressure of 4.5 .+-. 0.8 mm.

Abstract: Intercalation of a Lewis acid fluoride in graphite is effected in the presence of gaseous fluorine. The reaction results in new compositions useful as catalysts and as atmospheric pressure containers for normally gaseous Lewis acid fluorides.

Abstract: Using a novel process of one or more combined steps, modified novel block copolymers are prepared by alkylating or hydrogenating a block copolymer precursor containing at least two segments, in which segment A consists of a styrene polymer, either styrene alone or a hydrogenated random butadiene-styrene copolymer and from 1% to about 50% by weight of segment B being an alkylene oxide or sulfide copolymerized with the first segment as an AB or BAB copolymer. These novel copolymers perform as multifunctional additives in industrial organic compositions, both hydrocarbon fluids, such as petroleum-derived, and non-hydrocarbon, or synthetic fluids, providing such utility as detergency, emulsification and viscosity index improvement. These copolymers have molecular weights in the range of from about 1,000 to 500,000. The copolymers are particularly useful in lubricating oils, greases and fuels, especially cross-graded lubricants, crude oils, diesel oils, gasoline and fuel oils.

Abstract: The detergency properties of a fuel or a lubricant are improved by adding thereto a Mannich base product prepared by reacting a high molecular weight alkyl substituted hydroxyaromatic compound, a polyoxyethylene polyamine and an aldehyde.

Abstract: Process for the production of aliphatic amines by reaction of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alcohol or ether with ammonia in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate having the structure of ZSM-5, ZSM-11 or ZSM-21, said reaction being effected at a temperature between about 300.degree. and about 500.degree. C., a pressure between atmospheric and 1000 psig with the relative feed rates, expressed in grams per hour, of (1) alcohol or ether and (2) ammonia being within the approximate range of 1:1 to 5:1.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the selective production of para-xylene by contacting, under conversion conditions, a charge stock containing, as a major reactant, at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of toluene, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 olefin, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 naphthene, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 paraffin, and mixtures of the foregoing with a catalyst comprising a composite of a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite and antimony oxide, said zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the selective production of para-xylene by contacting, under conversion conditions, a charge stock containing, as a major reactant, at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of toluene, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 olefin, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.10 naphthene, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 paraffin, and mixtures of the foregoing with a catalyst comprising a composite of a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite and antimony oxide, said zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12.

Abstract: Lubricant, particularly metal working, compositions which contain, in an amount sufficient to impart improved load carrying ability, sulfur and an organic hydroperoxide are provided.

Abstract: Grease compositions are provided containing, as thickeners, alkali metal salts of a gamma keto acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved method for treating clay materials to prepare a super-active catalyst for use in catalytic conversion of organic materials such as, for example, hydrocarbon compounds, heavy crude petroleum stock and kerogen, wherein when a clay material is contacted with a solution containing cations selected from the group consisting of transition metal ions, aluminum ions, hydrogen ions, ions of metals from Group IIB of the Periodic Table of Elements and a combination thereof with each other, the clay material is in the raw state and maintained at a temperature not exceeding about 100.degree. C prior to and during the contacting with said solution and thereafter heating said exchanged clay material to a temperature of at least about 50.degree. C but not exceeding about 250.degree. C in the presence of air and/or organic material which is to be catalytically converted.