Abstract: Monoalkyl benzene having a side chain of at least two carbon atoms is converted to dialkyl benzene having side chains of shorter length than the charge and containing a proportion of para dialkyl benzene in excess of the thermodynamic equilibrium value by reaction over a dual function catalyst comprising a noble metal from Group VIII of the Periodic Table and a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite of high silica/alumina ratio above 12, a constraint index of 1 to 12, which aluminosilicate is in a state to restrict diffusion of ortho xylene.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions are provided containing a stabilizing amount against oxidative degradation of an organo sulfur-containing nickel complex.

Abstract: Certain organophosphorus derivatives of hydroxycarboxylic acids provide excellent load-carrying protection for hydrocarbon compositions when incorporated therein and are novel compounds.

Abstract: Recovery of valuable components from eight carbon atom (C.sub.8) aromatic fractions is enhanced by high temperature processing of C.sub.9.sup.+ aromatics produced by side reactions during isomerization of a C.sub.8 aromatics fraction lean in p-xylene and resulting from separation of that isomer from a mixture of the three xylene isomers and ethyl benzene.

Abstract: A process is provided for isomerization of monocyclic alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons in a reaction zone maintained under conditions such that said isomerization is accomplished in the vapor phase.

Abstract: A catalyst is provided, which is especially applicable for the selective production of C.sub.2 -C.sub.3 olefins, comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12, a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12 and having contained within the interior crystalline structure thereof added amorphous silica in an amount of at least about 0.3 and preferably between about 0.5 and about 30 weight percent. The resultant catalyst is characterized by n-hexane sorption capacity at a temperature of 90.degree. C and a n-hexane partial pressure of 83 mm. of mercury which is at least 1 percent less than corresponding sorption capacity under identical conditions for the unmodified zeolite. Generally, the n-hexane sorption capacity for the described silica-modified zeolite, at the above specified conditions, is 5 to 60 percent less than that for the zeolite which has not undergone treatment to incorporate amorphous silica therein.

Abstract: As synthesized by conventional technique, zeolite ZSM-5 crystals are cubic with some twinning and measure in size over the range of from about 3 .times. 3 microns to about 8 .times. 8 microns. By synthesizing crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite ZSM-5 according to the present method, i.e. in the presence of a tetraureacobalt (II) complex and with a specifically defined reaction mixture composition, the crystalline product will consist of highly twinned rectangular prismatic crystals exhibiting extreme uniformity in size of from about 5 .times. 10 microns to about 10 .times. 20 microns, depending on the ratio of said tetraureacobalt (II) complex to silica in the zeolite synthesis reaction mixture. Synthesis of ZSM-5 in accordance hereto will provide a zeolite with enhanced catalytic activity for certain chemical reactions.

Abstract: Process for the selective production of paraxylene by methylaton of toluene in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite characterized by (1) a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12, (2) a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12 and (3) a crystal size greater than 1 micron.

Abstract: Auxilliary seal for a floating roof tank is provided by a plurality of superposed flexible sheet members arranged above a primary seal about the periphery of the floating roof. The flexible sheet members have outer edges which distort as the assembly passes over rivet heads, butt straps or other protrusions from the inner surface of the tank wall and thus provide the desired seal. The flexible elements also readily accommodate to deviations of the wall from truly circular.

Abstract: Intercalation of a Lewis acid fluoride in graphite is effected in the presence of gaseous fluorine. The reaction results in new compositions useful as catalysts and as atmospheric pressure containers for normally gaseous Lewis acid fluorides.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor proportion of water containing in an amount sufficient to counteract the accelerating effect of water on metal fatigue an amine salt of a half-ester of a substituted succinic acid. Greases containing the above-described amine salts are also provided.

Abstract: Process for the selective production of para-substituted benzene derivatives characterized by the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are individually methyl or ethyl by alkylation of a mono alkyl benzene wherein the alkyl substituent contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms, i.e. toluene or ethylbenzene, with a methylating or ethylating agent in the presence of a catalyst comprising the crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite ZSM-23. The products selectively produced are para-xylene, para-ethyltoluene or para-diethylbenzene.

Abstract: The antiwear and load carrying properties of lubricants are improved by incorporating therein a product prepared by reacting a chlorinated wax with a trihydrocarbyl phosphite.

Abstract: Disproportionation of toluene to produce benzene and xylenes rich in the para isomer is accomplished by subjecting toluene to disproportionation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, said zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index, as hereinafter defined, within the approximate range of 1 to 12, said catalyst having been modified by initial treatment with an ammonium phosphate followed by treatment with a magnesium compound to yield a composite containing a minor proportion of an oxide of phosphorus and a minor proportion of an oxide of magnesium.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for vaporphase isomerization of monocyclic alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite characterized by a silica/alumina mole ratio of at least 12 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12, said zeolite containing cations which are predominantly hydrogen or hydrogen precursor and a metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table of Elements, said Group VIII metal cations being present in a minimum amount of 2.0 percent by weight of said zeolite.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the selective production of para-xylene by disproportionation of toluene in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica to alumina ratio of at least about 12 and a constraint index within the approximate range of 1 to 12, which catalyst has undergone controlled precoking, i.e. selectivation, by exposing the same to a thermally decomposable organic compound at a temperature in excess of the decomposition temperature of said compound, generally greater than 1000.degree. F., but less than about 1200.degree. F., at a hydrogen to organic compound mole ratio between 0 and 1 to deposit at least about 2 weight percent coke thereon and thereafter contacting toluene with the resulting coke-containing catalyst under disproportionation conditions including a temperature between about 800.degree. F. and 1025.degree. F., and preferably between about 825.degree. F. and 1000.degree. F.

Abstract: Alkenylsuccinic anhydride is reacted with an amino alcohol, such as tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, to provide intermediate reaction products from which novel derivatives are obtained by reacting the said intermediate product with boric acid or organoborates, organophosphonates and aldehydes. The intermediate reaction product prepared from tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane contains unexpectedly an oxazoline component when the reaction is carried out at 175.degree. C or below, preferably 100.degree. to 175.degree. C. The reaction products and their derivatives are particularly useful in lubricants, fuels or other industrial fluids as detergents.

Abstract: An important fuel saving is achieved by recovering fuel gas from the pressure relief system of a processing complex such as an oil refinery without impairing safety features.

Abstract: A catalytic process is provided for the ethylation of a mono alkyl benzene wherein the alkyl substituent contains 1 or 2 carbon atoms, i.e. toluene or ethylbenzene, to selectively produce the para and meta derivatives of said mono alkyl benzene to the exclusion or substantial exclusion of the ortho derivative thereof by contacting said mono alkyl benzene, under conversion conditions, with an ethylating agent in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite, which zeolite is characterized by an activity, in terms of alpha value, of between about 2 and about 5000, and preferably between about 20 and about 500, a xylene sorption capacity greater than 1 gram/100 grams of zeolite and an ortho xylene sorption time for 30 percent of said capacity of greater than 10 minutes, said sorption capacity and sorption time being measured at 120.degree. C. and a xylene pressure of 4.5 .+-. 0.8 mm.

Abstract: A method is provided for obtaining crystalline dealuminized products by treating a slurry of a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite in an aqueous solution of an ammonium or alkali metal salt which upon acidification yields an anion which complexes with aluminum by adding to said slurry a water-soluble acid having a first ionization constant greater than 10.sup.-2 at a rate such that a controlled amount of aluminum is removed from the zeolite to yield a resulting product from which at least about 10% and as much as about 85% of the initial aluminum has been removed while retaining more than 60% of the original crystallinity.