Abstract: A system for heating or cooling articles conveyed in a vertical helical path is defined by an endless conveyor belt driven at its inner edge by contact with a rotating drum and a circulating heat exchange fluid propelled horizontally onto the articles by axial flow fans rotating in a vertical plane. The system features a novel arrangement employing scroll means for confining the circulating heat exchange fluid to a substantial portion of the helical path and location of fan means such that the heat exchange fluid is propelled in push-pull manner from the discharge side of one fan means to the intake or suction side of a second fan means. In the preferred embodiment directed to refrigeration of conveyed articles, more particularly foodstuffs to be frozen, the conveyor is located within an insulating housing. Further featured novelty includes location of the driving means for the rotating drum externally of the housing and directing of refrigerant, such as liquid CO.sub.

Abstract: In a blow molding process in which a parison is blown to form an article which is then cooled and recovered, a liquified gas is introduced into the interior of partially blown article where it becomes vaporized and causes the completion of the blowing step as well as to cool the article. A mixture of the blowing gas and vaporized liquified gas is recovered and recycled for use as the blowing gas in a subsequent blow molding step.

Abstract: Amino and amido dialkyltin dicarboxylates and stannoxy carboxylates are prepared by first reacting an amine or amino alcohol with a dicarboxylic acid anhydride, followed by reaction of the resulting product with a dialkyltin oxide. The obtained compounds are useful as catalysts for promoting reaction of organic isocyanates with organic compounds having one or more active hydrogen-containing groups.

Abstract: A cryogenic deflashing apparatus is provided specifically adapted to remove residual flash from relatively large molded articles in a continuous high production deflashing operation. The apparatus incorporates a modular deflashing housing wherein entry, pre-freezing, blasting, and exit of multiple articles is accomplished simultaneously in discrete serially aligned operational compartments. A novel article conveyor transport mechanism is additionally provided which permits the transport speed of the articles through the various compartments to be independently varied during operation to maximize production efficiency.

Abstract: PdCl.sub.2 /C catalyst which has been deactivated in the oxidation of an olefinic halide or olefinic hydrocarbon present as contaminant in air or other inert oxygen-containing gas stream, is regenerated by prolonged exposure to air or other oxygen-containing gas stream at temperatures below 70.degree. C. and preferably below 60.degree. C.

Abstract: An improvement is provided in a process and apparatus for in-line slush making, for use in, for example, concrete cooling. The improvement comprises connecting the inlet used to convey liquid such as water to the manifold section of the lance so that its longitudinal axis forms an acute angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the inlet for introducing a cryogen into the lance. This improvement substantially eliminates failure to properly make slush due to a build-up of ice within the means used to control the flow of cryogen to the system. Additional improvements to the apparatus comprise substantially aligning the sealed head of the manifold with the longitudinal axis of the inlet for conveying the liquid to the lance to eliminate and to prevent freeze-up of the liquid in the dead space found in the "T" lance design of the prior art.

Abstract: Scoopability of triethylene diamine (TEDA) is improved by admixture therewith of a minor quantity (about 0.5 up to 2% by weight) of an additive in liquid form. The types of additives described are liquid glycol compounds selected from among polyethylene glycols, glycol esters, glycol ethers and amino alcohols. Preferred additives are: Carbowax polyethylene glycols having the general formulaHOCH.sub.2 (CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2).sub.x CH.sub.2 OHwherein x is about 3 to about 13, glycol diacetate and triethylene glycol diacetate.

Abstract: Nonwoven fibrous sheets bonded with polyvinyl alcohol, intended for use in pre-moistened condition as skin cleansing tissues, are folded and packaged in closed containers or in individual sealed water impervious envelopes; said packaged sheets being maintained in contact with a dilute aqueous solution of boric acid. The boric acid imparts improved wet tensile strength to the sheet during storage and use by the consumer but may be safely disposed of, after use, by flushing in plain water without danger of clogging the plumbing system. Instead of boric acid solution, one may employ for the indicated purpose a non-alkaline aqueous solution of a salt which acts as a precipitating or gelling agent for polyvinyl alcohol, said salt being one having an acid to neutral pH on hydrolysis.

Abstract: Nonwoven fibrous sheets impregnated with latices of polyvinyl acetate or its copolymers containing polyvinyl alcohol, intended for use in pre-moistened condition as skin cleansing tissues, are folded and packaged in closed containers or in individual sealed water impervious envelopes; said packaged sheets being maintained in contact with a dilute aqueous solution of a precipitating or gelling agent for polyvinyl alcohol, such as boric acid. The agent imparts improved wet tensile strength to the sheet during storage and use by the consumer but permits the sheet to be safely disposed of, after use, by flushing in plain water without danger of clogging the plumbing system.

Abstract: Nonwoven fibrous sheets impregnated with latices of polyvinyl acetate or its copolymers containing polyvinyl alcohol, intended for use in pre-moistened condition as skin cleansing tissues, are folded and packaged in closed containers or in individual sealed water impervious envelopes; said packaged sheets being maintained in contact with a dilute aqueous solution of a precipitating or gelling agent for polyvinyl alcohol, such as boric acid. The agent imparts improved wet tensile strength to the sheet during storage and use by the consumer but permits the sheet to be safely disposed of, after use, by flushing in plain water without danger of clogging the plumbing system.

Abstract: A system for heating or cooling articles conveyed in a vertical helical path is defined by an endless conveyor belt driven at its inner edge by contact with a rotating drum and a circulating heat exchange fluid propelled horizontally onto the articles by axial flow fans rotating in a vertical plane. The system features a novel arrangement employing scroll means for confining the circulating heat exchange fluid to a substantial portion of the helical path and location of fan means such that the heat exchange fluid is propelled in push-pull manner from the discharge side of one fan means to the intake or suction side of a second fan means. In the preferred embodiment directed to refrigeration of conveyed articles, more particularly foodstuffs to be frozen, the conveyor is located within an insulating housing. Further featured novelty includes location of the driving means for the rotating drum externally of the housing and directing of refrigerant, such as liquid CO.sub.

Abstract: The operation of a prior art freezer installation for freezing food can be improved by:(1) providing air curtains at the doors of the freezer;(2) using a pulse bag filter for separating ice from the air leaving the freezer; and(3) ensuring that the air leaving the freezer is colder than -80.degree. F.

Abstract: The operation of a prior art freezer installation for freezing food can be improved by:(1) improved refrigeration techniques;(2) providing air curtains at the doors of the freezer;(3) using a pulse bag filter for separating ice from the air leaving the freezer; and(4) ensuring that the air leaving the freezer is colder than -80.degree. F.

Abstract: In the production of cellular products by reaction of polyols with organic isocyanates, alkali metal salts of acidic azoles are employed as all or part of the tertiary amine catalyst for promoting the reaction. Alkali metal salts of tolyltriazole are designated in the preferred examples for production of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foam products.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an apparatus for subjecting an article to shot blasting under cryogenic conditions which comprises a housing encompassing an entry station, an impacting station and an exit station. In connection with the housing, there are means provided for transporting an article to be shot blasted sequentially from the entry station, through the impacting station, and then to the station. A connection is made to the housing permitting the introduction of a cryogen into the impacting station thereby maintaining such station at a cryogenic temperature. The apparatus also has a means for directing media at a high velocity so as to impact upon an article to be treated while such article is being transported through the impacting station. The apparatus of the invention also functions to rotate the article while it is being transported through the impacting station, thereby permitting the stream of media to contact all critical portions of the article.

Abstract: Hydrolytically stable premix compositions for preparation of urethane foams are prepared by employing as the organotin catalyst in such premix composition a di- or tri-alkyltin sulfonate corresponding to the formulaR.sub.4-n -Sn(O.sub.3 SR').sub.nwherein R is an alkyl radical of 1 to 8 carbon atoms; R' is an alkyl, phenyl, or alkyl phenyl radical of 1 to 8 carbon atoms and n is 1 or 2. Examples include: dibutyltin bis-methanesulfonate, dibutyltin bis-benzenesulfonate, dimethyltin bis-benzenesulfonate, dimethyltin bis-benzenesulfonate, dioctyltin bis-methanesulfonate and dibutyltin bis-toluenesulfonate.

Abstract: A stabilized heteropoly molybdate catalyst precursor in calcined form and containing anionic molybdenum in defect state is surface impregnated with certain metal cations. The stabilized precursor is one obtained by incorporating into the reaction product of a molybdate and a soluble phosphate, silicate or arsenate, an aqueous chloride ion and a compound of phosphotungstate, silicotungstate, vanadium arsenate, silico-arsenate, phosphovanadate, or silicovanadate, followed by drying and calcining. During the chloride ion stabilization step other metals may be optionally incorporated in forming the stabilized precursor.The obtained precursor is catalytically active in the conversion of the unsaturated aldehydes to the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acids with or without incorporation of the metal cation during the chloride ion stabilization step.

Abstract: Enhanced recovery of ethane and ethylene from demethanizer overhead is obtained by subjecting the uncondensed vapor effluent from the main reflux condenser to further condensation and accompanying rectification in a dephlegmator and returning the liquid condensate from the dephlegmator to the demethanizer column. One or more of the refrigerants employed in the dephlegmator comprises vapors leaving the dephlegmator and cooled by pressure reduction.

Abstract: Enhanced recovery of the methane content of a multicomponent stream containing lower boiling gas components is obtained by effecting condensation of at least the major portion of the methane content in a dephlegmator wherein separated lower boiling components are employed as indirect heat exchange refrigerants.

Abstract: Nonwoven fibrous sheets bonded with polyvinyl alcohol, intended for use in pre-moistened condition as skin cleansing tissues, are folded and packaged in closed containers or in individual sealed water impervious envelopes; said packaged sheets being maintained in contact with a dilute aqueous solution of boric acid. The boric acid imparts improved wet tensile strength to the sheet during storage and use by the consumer but may be safely disposed of, after use, by flushing in plain water without danger of clogging the plumbing system. Instead of boric acid solution, one may employ for the indicated purpose a non-alkaline aqueous solution of a salt which acts as a precipitating or gelling agent for polyvinyl alcohol, said salt being one having an acid to neutral pH on hydrolysis.