Abstract: Disclosed are 7.beta.-(D-5-amino-5-carboxyvaleramido)-7-methoxy-3-cephem-4-carboxylic acids which are substituted in the three position of the "cephem" nucleus by a variety of alkyl, haloalkyl or oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen containing substitutents; and the salts, esters and amide derivatives thereof. Certain of the products are obtained by fermentation and others are obtained by synthetic means. The products exhibit activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the following formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN R' is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X.sup.- is a nontoxic anion; b and c are positive numbers having values such that the positive charge of b moles of cation are neutralized by c moles of anion X.sup.-; and -N is a bicyclic heterocyclic base, of the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein the dotted line indicates that the methyl group can be present or a hydrogen group can be present, with the proviso that the two alpha methyl groups are not present at the same time, but that one alpha methyl group is required. These compounds have superior coccidiostatic activity.

Abstract: The antibiotic thienamycin is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The antibiotic is produced by growing a newly-found and hitherto undescribed species of Streptomyces on suitable fermentation media.

Abstract: Fermentation broths or impure solutions containing thienamycin, a substance having antibiotic activity against gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms, are purified using ion exchange resins, poly-acrylamide gels or adsorbents such as polyester polymers or polystyrene, hydrophobic crosslinked divinyl benzene polymers.

Abstract: Emimycin, 1,2-dihydro-1-(2-deoxy-.beta.-D-erythropentofuranosyl)-2-oxypyrazine-4-oxi de and the novel compounds 1,2-dihydro-1-(2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-loweralkanoyl-.alpha.-D-erythro-pentofuran osyl)-2-oxopyrazine 4-oxide are active anticoccidial agents. Preferably, the alkanoyl group of the novel compounds contain up to six carbon atoms. The compounds are included in compositions useful for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in poultry.

Abstract: Process for preparing an ester of 3-substituted methyl-7-acylamido-7-methoxy(or hydrogen)-2-cephem-4-carboxylic acid and its corresponding sulfoxide by treating an ester of 3-carbamoyloxymethyl(or 3-lower alkanoyloxymethyl)-7-acylamido-7-methoxy(or hydrogen)-2-cephem-4-carboxyli c acid with a hydrohalic acid or another compound containing an active hydrogen and then with an oxidizing agent. The products obtained are useful as intermediates in the preparation of antibiotics.

Abstract: Cyanopyridines are prepared by bringing a reactant stream comprising an alkyl substituted pyridine, ammonia, steam and oxygen into contact with a novel catalyst composition which results in high selectivity to the desired cyanopyridine.

Abstract: Cyanopyridines are prepared by bringing a reactant stream comprising an alkyl substituted pyridine, ammonia, steam and oxygen into contact with a novel catalyst composition which results in high selectivity to the desired cyanopyridine.

Abstract: Cyanopyridines are prepared by bringing a reactant stream comprising an alkyl substituted pyridine, ammonia, steam and oxygen into contact with a novel catalyst composition which results in high selectivity to the desired cyanopyridine.

Abstract: 4-Nitro-5-cyanoimidazoles substituted with a 1-loweralkyl group and variously substituted at the 2-position are useful as antiparasitic agents particularly as coccidiostats. The 4-nitro-5-cyanoimidazole coccidiostats are included in compositions useful for administration to poultry as treatment for coccidiosis.

Abstract: Substituted 2- and 4-pyridones, pyrimidin-2- and 6-ones and tetrahydroquinolones when complexed with 4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide provide agents which are active coccidiostats and which produce minimal toxic side effects. Processes for the preparation of these complexes as well as compositions suitable for administration to poultry for the prevention and cure of coccidiosis are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for preparing 2-acetamidoethyl (3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)(4-chlorophenyl)acetate which comprises treating (3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)(4-chlorophenyl)acetonitrile with 2-acetamidoethanol in the presence of an acid to form an imino intermediate which, upon treatment with an aqueous solution, affords the desired product. 2-Acetamidoethyl (3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)(4-chlorophenyl)acetate is a hypocholesterolemic and hypolipemic agent which effectively reduces the concentration of cholesterol, triglycerides and other lipids in blood serum.

Abstract: [.alpha.-(3-Trifluoromethylphenoxy)-4-chlorobenzyl heterocycles which are prepared by the cyclization of an appropriately substituted [.alpha.(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-4-chlorobenzyl]compound. The products reduce the concentration of cholesterol, trigylcerides and other lipids in blood serum and are therefore useful in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Abstract: 2-(P-Fluorophenyl)-1-alkyl or 1-(2'-hydroxyalkyl)-5-nitroimidazoles are prepared by reacting a dialkoxy-carbonium salt, or a 1,3-dioxolenium salt, respectively, with 2-(p-fluorophenyl)-1-alkoxymethyl-4-nitroimidazole. The compounds prepared are useful in the control of enterohepatitis in poultry, especially in turkeys.