Abstract: A single bath process for imparting both a stonewashed and overdyed appearance to denim textiles and articles is disclosed. The single bath comprises a dye, a cellulase enzyme and optionally but preferably a salt.

Abstract: A pumping apparatus of the type comprising twin cylindrical pumping chambers which alternately take in and deliver material to be pumped, the taking in being via ports in a common feeding chamber and the delivery being via a delivery conduit which moves to the port of the chamber which is to deliver. The pumping is carried out by hydraulically-actuated pumping pistons in the chambers, the hydraulic circuitry being adapted to ensure that the pumping piston in that chamber taking in material arrives at the fully charged position before the delivering chamber attains the fully discharged position. In another embodiment, the pumping apparatus comprises a "push-over" facility, wherein the speed of the pumping is automatically increased to compensate for the drop in flow rate caused by the time taken by the delivery conduit to move from one port to the other. The apparatus gives an exceptionally pulsation-free flow and is especially useful in concrete spraying apparatus.

Abstract: Compositions comprising(a) a cationic surfactant which per se acts as a reserving agent in the dyeing of substrates dyeable with anionic dyes, or a mixture of such surfactantsand (b) a cationic surfactant which per se acts as a retarder in the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile with cationic dyes, or a mixture of such surfactantsand which may contain further components, are eminently suitable as reserving agents for substrates dyeable with anionic dyes.

Abstract: A method of reclaiming leftover ready-mix concrete comprising the steps of:(1) retarding the hydration of the unused portion of concrete returned from a job site; and(2) after the desired retarded period adding a hydration acceleration agent to restore the concrete to a settable state.

Abstract: The white rot fungus Scytinostroma galactinum strain F361 and mutants thereof are particularly effective in selectively grading the lignin component of lignin-containing materials, particularly processed wood pulps including chemical pulps, and also particularly effective in degrading lignin degradation products such as chlorinated degraded lignin by-products as found, for example, in E-1 effluents, and also in degrading chlorine-containing aromatic compounds generally as found in aqueous waste streams containing the same.

Abstract: Bleaching pulp with an enzyme system, containing thermostatic xylanose activity, obtained from a strain of Thermomonospora fusca and more specifically from a new strain with the designation KW3 and deposition number DSM 6013.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for treating industrial waste water which comprises either: (a) pre-treating the waste water with at least two different pre-treatments selected from adsorption, membrane filtration and oxidation and then, biologically purifying the waste water or, (b) neutralizing and biologically purifying the waste water and then after-treating the waste water either by membrane filtration in combination with adsorption or oxidation or, by oxidation optionally in combination with adsorption or filtration on a nanofiltration membrane or, by filtration on a nanofiltration membrane.

Abstract: Condensates (K) of(A) oligohydroxy-C.sub.3-8 -alkanes containing at least 3 hydroxy groups and (B) KOH,that contain at least 5% by weight of K.sup.+ and at least one alcoholic hydroxy groupare eminently suitable as oxyalkylation catalysts, in particular for the oxyalkylation of ester group-containing substrates, before all of natural, vegetable or animal fats or oils or their modification products.

Abstract: Therapeutically active sustained release dosage forms are described which are prepared from compositions which comprise (A) a hydrophilic cellulose ether polymer or mixtures thereof as a binder matrix material, (B) a granulating medium selected from the group consisting of a lipid component, polyethylene glycol polymers, and mixtures thereof, said granulating medium having a melting range higher than about 30.degree. C., and (C) a therapeutically active medicament, said components being in melt association. The compositions are prepared by a melt granulation process.

Abstract: Aqueous wax dispersions (G) comprising(A) a wax mixture of(A.sub.1) at least one non-oxidized paraffin wax with needle penetration (according to ASTM-D 1321).ltoreq.20 dmm and melting range above 65.degree. C.and(A.sub.2) at least one oxidized hydrocarbon wax with needle penetration (according to ASTM-D 1321).ltoreq.4 dmmand optionally(A.sub.3) at least one non-oxidized paraffin wax with needle penetration (according to ASTM-D 1321).ltoreq.55 dmm and melting range below or up to 65.degree. C.and/or(A.sub.4) at least one cationically modified oxidized hydrocarbon wax and(B) a cationic dispersant system and optionally(C) at least one softening and/or antistatic adjuvant and/or(D) a preserving agent or/and a defoamer. and/or(E) at least one amphoteric surfactant,are eminently suitable as finishing agents, in particular for yarns, in order to provide good slippage properties to the yarns finished therewith.

Abstract: A hardenable monomer composition useful for flooring composition, grouts, mortars and the like comprises a mixture of crosslinkable acrylic monomer, carbon black and/or polyester- or polyether-methane oligomer having at least two polymerizable double bonds and a paraffin oil.The monomer is preferably of the formula I ##STR1## and there is preferably present other monomers, particularly hydroxypropyl methacrylate.

Abstract: A crystal holder for use with photorefractive crystals comprises a horizontal rotatable planar member on which is mounted a crystal, such that the axis of rotation of the planar member lies on a face of the crystal on which a beam of light impinges. In a preferred embodiment, the crystal may be moved such that the axis of rotation continues to lie on the face of the crystal over at least a substantial portion of the face. The crystal holders of this invention are useful, for example, in phase conjugate mirrors.

Abstract: Aluminum oxide sealant compositions, concentrates, and processes employing the same are described which comprise an alkaline earth metal salt and certain sulfonated compounds. Unexpected improvements in seal quality are obtained using the compositions of the invention, and in the substantial absence of smut formation. Advantageously, the aqueous sealant compositions of the invention may be cobalt and nickel-free, can be prepared from tap water, and can be employed at temperatures below the boiling point.

Abstract: Aqueous compositions and process aids useful in paper processing for quenching optical brighteners, particularly under alkaline paper production conditions. The process aids are aqueous compositions comprising (a) an acid addition salt or quartenization product of a cyclic amidine, (b) a polyethyleneimine and optionally (c) an acid. The aqueous compositions and process aids may be added to paper feedstocks in paper production apparatus or to paper production apparatus absent a paper feedstock.

Abstract: A method of accessing water from an aquifer which underlies an impervious stratum without contamination of the aquifer by polluted water from above the stratum by drilling a bore hole to the aquifer, comprises the steps of(a) drilling a first bore hole into, but not through the impervious stratum and a second bore hole of smaller diameter to the aquifer;(b) inserting therein a protective tube of diameter intermediate between those of the bore holes and which extends to the ground surface; and(c) adding a protective mortar to the annular space between the protective tube and the larger diameter bore hole;there being circumferentially wound around the tube at the level of the protective mortar, transfer tubing which comprises radial perforations which permit passage of fluids, e.g. sealing composition from the interior of the transfer tubing to the mortar. The method works best with certain reinforced mortar formulations.

Abstract: Aluminum oxide sealant compositions, concentrates, and processes employing the same are described which comprise an alkaline earth metal salt and certain sulfonated compounds. Unexpected improvements in seal quality are obtained using the compositions of the invention, and in the substantial absence of smut formation. Advantageously, the aqueous sealant compositions of the invention may be cobalt and nickel-free, can be prepared from tap water, and can be employed at temperatures below the boiling point.

Abstract: An aqueous solution, for use as a cement dispersing agent, of a polymer salt, which is formed by reacting a polycarboxylic acid with a nitrogenous acrylic polymer.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical dosage form comprising an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor compound, e.g., fluvastatin sodium, is disclosed which is stabilized against pH-related degradation by an alkaline stabilizing medium capable of imparting a pH of at least 8 to an aqueous solution or dispersion of the composition.

Abstract: A process for improving the rebound properties of sprayed concrete comprises the inclusion therein of micro-silica which has been pretreated with from 2 to 25% by weight thereof of a liquid selected from water, an alkanolamine, a polyol and an aqueous solution of at least one concrete additive, an alkanolamine, a polyol and a water-soluble cellulosic compound. The process is especially effective when used in conjunction with the dry spraying process.

Abstract: A method for applying a cementitious composition to a surface comprising1) adding to the cementitious compositiona) a set retarding agent;b) a cement quick-setting agent;c) a cement dispersing agent;d) a slow release dispersing agent, that hydrolyzes under alkaline conditions to form a dispersing agent; and2) applying the concrete to a surface while the concrete is fluid.