Abstract: An internal combustion engine, such as a diesel engine for a diesel electric locomotive, is provided with a turbocharger having an aftercooler. A cooling apparatus for the engine is provided with a main coolant loop having a pump and a radiator and an aftercooler coolant loop having a pump and a radiator. The coolant temperature in the aftercooler coolant loop is maintained lower than the coolant temperature in the main coolant loop when the coolant flows of the main and aftercooler coolant loops are maintained separate.

Abstract: A motor vehicle accessory control is capable of reversibly activating a DC motor to operate a vehicle door lock, window, sun roof or similarly operated device through a relay controlled H-switch arrangement. The control is provided with an automatic control circuit in a module having input and output terminals but only a single power terminal, which provides either positive power or ground to the module. The opposite power connections are made from the module through the activating relay coils of the H-switch motor drive circuit. A manual switch may be provided for alternative manual reversible activation of the relays; and the circuit provides priority of manual over automatic operation. Neither the manual switch nor the module circuit is capable of activating both relays simultaneously; therefore, a reliable power connection is always available for the module through at least one of the relay activating coils.

Abstract: A vehicle antenna comprises a transparent, electrically conducting, film between the inner and outer glass sheets of a vehicle window. The film comprises a horizontally elongate principal element substantially parallel to and spaced from the upper edge portion of the window aperture and having an effective horizontal length of an odd multiple of one quarter of a predetermined wavelength and an impedance matching element. The impedance matching element comprises a main portion having a peripheral edge with a horizontal upper portion spaced below the principal element and a remainder spaced from the remaining edge portion of the window aperture so as to form a slot transmission line having an effective length of one half the wavelength, which is preferably in the commercial FM band. The impedance matching element further comprises a narrow vertical portion connecting the main portion to the principal element, so that the slot transmission line is parasitically coupled to the principal element.

Abstract: A vehicle has a real time suspension control which requires, as inputs, a set of absolute body modal velocity signals. Accurate estimates of these signals are derived from relative position sensors at the body suspension points by converting the relative vertical position signals from these sensors to relative body modal (e.g. heave, pitch and roll) velocity signals and passing each of these signals through a second order low pass filter including an additional phase inversion for compensation of the 180 degree filter phase lag. Thus, the necessity of absolute body accelerometers is eliminated, for a significant cost reduction. In a vehicle having significant front to rear flexing or flexing within the front or rear suspension that can affect the accuracy of the estimated absolute body roll velocity, the normal roll velocity transformation equation is modified to include only the front or the rear pair of relative velocity signals.

Abstract: A refueling vapor recovery system for a vehicle utilizes recirculation of a portion of the displaced vapor and combines a vapor vent valve and a recirculation control into a single differential pressure valve assembly. A vapor vent conduit provides fuel tank vapor pressure to one side of a diaphragm and, through a restricted orifice, to the other side of the diaphragm, the other side being further connected by a recirculation conduit to the tank filler neck. When a gas cap closes the filler neck from the atmosphere, the orifice allows pressure to equalize across the diaphragm; and a spring biases the diaphragm to close a vapor vent valve.

Abstract: An ignition system for a vehicle engine has a fast response knock control which generates a rectified knock sensor signal having peaks at a knock frequency in accordance with the knock induced engine vibrations and samples and holds the voltage at each consecutive peak to generate a knock burst envelope signal in which knock burst envelopes correspond in amplitude and duration to knock vibration bursts in the knock sensor signal without phase shift induced group delay. The fast response is preserved in a fast response DC noise reference and an output which provides pulses at a frequency increasing with amplitude of the knock burst envelopes.

Abstract: A vehicle engine utilizes adaptive knock retard in which non-volatile memory cells store slowly changed values based on sensed knock to retard ignition timing. Upon engine start, the values in one or more of the memory cells may be reduced in a proportional manner to provide a more advanced engine ignition timing more appropriate to engine warmup. The proportional reduction is based on the sensed engine coolant temperature at the initiation of engine operation, either by itself or through the difference between it and the stored engine coolant temperature from just before the cessation of the last period of engine operation.

Abstract: A water drop sensor comprises a pair of electrodes disposed in association with a portion of a surface of a vehicle window within a wipe pattern and having edges defining an extended insulating gap between the electrodes. The electrodes define a gap which varies in width over the range of diameters of drops to be sensed. The result is that the sensor shows more sensitivity to larger drops than to smaller drops as compared with a similar sensor having a constant gap width. The variation in gap width may be continuous or stepwise over the total range of drop diameters.

Abstract: A vehicle such as a van has a sliding door movable between open and closed positions. An electric power source, a door drive switch and electric door drive apparatus are connected in series on the vehicle body to move the door when the switch is closed. Contacts on the vehicle body and door engage as the door nears its closed position; and the door contacts are connected through circuitry, such as an unlatch motor armature, having a first resistance. One of the body contacts is connected to ground and the other is connected, through circuitry including a resistor of greater resistance than the unlatch motor armature, to a junction of the door drive switch and the electric door drive apparatus. An output terminal connected between the resistor and the other body contact provides a signal voltage having different levels depending on engagement of the body and door contacts.

Abstract: A motor vehicle fuel composition sensor is responsive to a dielectric constant of a mixture of two fuels such as gasoline and methanol to indicate the relative concentrations of each. The sensor is fuel temperature dependent at high concentrations of methanol; and a fuel temperature sensor thus provides a fuel temperature signal for fuel composition signal correction. Diagnostic apparatus stores references defining permissible operating ranges for the fuel temperature and fuel composition sensor outputs and compares the sensor outputs with these ranges to detect abnormal sensor operation. The reference defining the end of the fuel composition sensor range at maximum methanol, however, is corrected for fuel temperature if the fuel temperature sensor output is within range. An out of range signal from either sensor causes a default value to be substituted for fuel composition.

Abstract: A lamp monitor provides a sense resistor for each lamp circuit as a special sense terminal member with a series resistance and sense terminals connected to a circuit board in a lamp monitor module. A multiplexing arrangement allows selection of the circuit to be monitored. The monitor samples the voltage across the series resistance by first connecting a capacitor across the sense terminals to be charged to the voltage and then disconnecting the capacitor from the sense terminals and connecting it across the input of an amplifier. The voltage across the lamps is sensed to provide a ratiometric reference for the digitizing of the amplifier output in an analog to digital converter; and a digital computer corrects the input digital signal with a stored non-linear normalization factor relating current to voltage in the lamps.

Abstract: A vehicle suspension control includes a differentiator for deriving an analog relative suspension velocity signal from a relative suspension position sensor; and the analog relative suspension velocity signal is A/D converted by digital signal processing apparatus at a predetermined sampling frequency. The differentiator comprises a bandpass filter having a linearly increasing gain and a 90 degree phase lead for differentiator action in a low frequency range of vehicle suspension resonances (0.5-20 Hz) in which signal differentiation is desired, a peak in gain and group delay at an intermediate frequency above the low frequency range of vehicle suspension resonances, at which vehicle suspension inputs are small, and a decreasing gain from the intermediate frequency to a higher aliasing frequency (500 Hz) related to the sampling frequency of the digital signal processing apparatus.

Abstract: A system for unlocking any of several vehicles by a passive electronic key coupled to base units in the vehicles by a radio link uses short range LF transmission for signals to the key and VHF transmission for signals to the base units. The key has a ferrite antenna connected to a receiver comprising a comparator. When an operator pulls the door handle, codes stored in the base are transmitted to identify any authorized key within the range. The key has a memory partitioned into separate blocks for different base units and another block for a scratchpad memory. A state machine stores the block addresses and controls access to the blocks according to the transmitted codes. When a block is accessed, a secure ID in the block is sent to the base unit to verify that the key is authorized to unlock the vehicle. The ID can be updated upon command from the base unit using the same codes to assure that an authorized unit is receiving the new ID.

Abstract: A relative velocity sensor in a vehicle suspension damper comprises an annular, radially polarized magnet at the top of the shock cylinder adjacent a sensor winding on the inside of the dust tube. A closed magnetic circuit is defined from the magnet through an annular magnetic member inside the magnet to the piston rod and back through the dust tube across the sensor winding to the magnet. Flux below the magnet is similarly confined through the cylinder and does not affect the sensor winding. The air gaps at the winding and the piston rod do not change with axial movement; and the flux linkage variation with axial movement is thus linear across the entire coil. A voltage is generated across the coil which is a strong and accurate signal of relative movement between the sprung and unsprung masses of the vehicle.

Abstract: A lamp monitor provides a sense resistor for each lamp circuit as a special sense terminal member with a series resistance and sense terminals connected to a circuit board in a lamp monitor module. A multiplexing arrangement allows selection of the circuit to be monitored. The monitor samples the voltage across the series resistance by first connecting a capacitor across the sense terminals to be charged to the voltage and then disconnecting the capacitor from the sense terminals and connecting it across the input of an amplifier. The voltage across the lamps is sensed to provide a ratiometric reference for the digitizing of the amplifier output in an analog to digital converter; and a digital computer corrects the input digital signal with a stored non-linear normalization factor relating current to voltage in the lamps.

Abstract: In a vehicle suspension control in which the output of a vehicle body mounted absolute vertical acceleration sensor is integrated to provide an absolute vertical velocity signal, the sensor output is high pass filtered to remove DC components but pass components in the frequency range 1-2 Hz. The filter comprises a second order digital all-pass filter embodied recursively on a 16 bit, fixed point, digital signal processor (DSP). A first stage normalized lattice two-pair network reduces to a unity gain stage; and a second stage single multiplier two-pair lattice network minimizes computational time. The 32 bit internal accumulators of the 16 bit DSP are used advantageously to prevent errors due to internal overflow of the recursive variable.

Abstract: A fuel composition sensor provides to a voltage divider comprising sensor and reference capacitors a voltage which oscillates between two voltages at a comparatively low frequency, such as 6 KHz, for lower power dissipation, but which switches fast to produce periodic fast voltage changes across the voltage divider to produce voltage spikes at the junction of the capacitors indicative of the capacitance ratio and thus of fuel composition.

Abstract: A lamp monitor provides a sense resistor for each lamp circuit as a special sense terminal member with a series resistance and sense terminals connected to a circuit board in a lamp monitor module. A multiplexing arrangement allows selection of the circuit to be monitored. The monitor samples the voltage across the series resistance by first connecting a capacitor across the sense terminals to be charged to the voltage and then disconnecting the capacitor from the sense terminals and connecting it across the input of an amplifier. The voltage across the lamps is sensed to provide a ratiometric reference for the digitizing of the amplifier output in an analog to digital converter; and a digital computer corrects the input digital signal with a stored non-linear normalization factor relating current to voltage in the lamps.

Abstract: A window wiper system for an automotive vehicle provides multiplex encoding of a control switch signal and an additional wiper control signal in a two-channel multiplex control signal and decoding of the multiplex control signal by the wiper mechanism for control of wiper operation. The multiplex control signal is a cyclical waveform containing alternating cycles of different first and second periods wherein the duty cycle of the first period cycles is determined by the additional wiper control signal and the duty cycle of the second period cycles is determined by the control switch. The additional wiper control signal may be derived from a rain sensor, an intermittent delay control resistor or any other device on the passenger side of the vehicle firewall which generates a signal controlling wiper operation.

Abstract: A vehicle suspension comprises dampers changeable between low and high damping modes and normally operated in the low damping mode. A damper control stores a plurality of sets of reference numbers as a function of vehicle velocity, the reference numbers of each set representing limit values of throttle velocity for the low damping mode for a given transmission gear mode. The reference numbers of each set increase in value with increasing vehicle velocity in a continuously non-linear manner so as to compensate for the decreasing acceleration and body lift produced by a given throttle velocity as vehicle velocity increases. The control changes the damper from low to high damping during vehicle acceleration for a predetermined time when the throttle velocity exceeds a throttle velocity limit reference derived from the reference number corresponding to the vehicle velocity in the set corresponding to the selected transmission gear mode.