Abstract: Hollow tubular container of irregular configuration in cross-section collapsible into flat condition.

Abstract: In plastic pouch forming, improved vacuum boxes that are movable toward and away from one another are provided. Each vacuum box comprises a series of superimposed, paired, mutually spaced vacuum ports in fluid communication with one another, the outer pair of ports being resilient and adapted to frictionally engage a wall portion of a flattened pouch and to flex open upon application of a vacuum to draw portions of the pouch wall into a cavity defined by an underlying port.

Abstract: A reactor system for continuously effecting the hydrolysis of cellulosic materials, as relatively concentrated aqueous mixtures, comprises a tubular reactor, a high solids pump, steam injecting means, a discharge valve controlled by pressure-responsive means, and means for collecting and recovering the reaction products from the hydrolyzate. The high-solids pump apparatus utilizes a valve having a flow distributing passageway of arcuate, uniform circular cross-section. The various portions of the apparatus are constructed with uniform internal dimensions and configurations, so as to avoid any constriction to flow of the material therethrough, thus minimizing the tendency for blockages to occur therewithin. The loading mechanisms are unloaded alternatingly by a reciprocating ram, so as to substantially continuously feed material through the associated valve.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for forming a nonwoven fibrous web on a foraminous forming surface moving at a velocity in excess of about 500 feet per minute. In forming satisfactory uniform webs, the fibers are conveyed to the forming surface in a gaseous stream whereby the relative surface-to-fiber velocity along the moving surface is maintained within a critical ratio relative to the fiber velocity normal to the moving surface.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to an end closure or cover for a metal container comprising a substantially flat sheet metal lid seamed about its extremity to the container body closing the body end. The lid has a pour opening having a closure hingeably connected to the lid and closing the pour opening provided to retain the closure against inward displacement thereby resisting atmospheric pressure and premature opening of the container and against outward displacement due to internal pressure during processing.

Abstract: An apparatus for the high speed transfer of workpieces in a multi-station machine. The stations are located in a common plane, in axial alignment and are equidistantly spaced. The apparatus utilizes a carrier assembly, which incorporates a pair of parallel barrels with a shaft received within the bore of each barrel. A series of confronting openings, which expose the shafts, are formed in the barrel walls at intervals which correspond with the spacing of the machine stations. A pair of gripping fingers are located at each barrel opening. A first finger is affixed to the barrel, extending outwardly therefrom, while a second finger which is affixed to the shaft, extends through the barrel wall opening to cooperate with the first finger. By pivoting the barrels in unison, with respect to the shafts, which are rotatably locked, the fingers can be caused to assume either a gripping or releasing attitude.

Abstract: Apparatus for reforming round cans into rectangular cans including an anvil having an entrance and an exit end, a gripper chain for moving the cans along the anvil; side-mounted rollers or belts for forming the round can into a rectilinear shape; and a paneling roller for creasing the can into a rectilinear shape prior to the exit end of the anvil.

Abstract: A coating spraying system is shown for use in spraying the internal surfaces of a hollow container. The system includes a spinning element for dispersion of the coating and a specifically configured metering orifice for preshaping the mass of the coating radially disbursed by the spinning head.

Abstract: A reclosable blister card package is provided, having an insert which rotates inside the blister cavity to present product-holding compartments to the dispensing opening. The insert and blister are cooperatively sized and configured for smooth and efficient rotation of the insert within the blister cavity. Opening features provide the dispensing opening, and reclosure features provide for continuing containment and protection of the unused portion of the product.

Abstract: A multi-layer laminated meat package is disclosed which has a panel of the bag adapted for clear sight of the meat inside and another portion of the bag which has a boneguard panel constructed to resist puncture when drawn firmly over protruding bones in the meat. The bag is adapted to be evacuated after insertion of the meat so as to be drawn tightly over the meat, and to have the open end of the bag thereafter heat sealed together to complete the package. In addition, all interior surfaces of the bag are formed of heat sealable materials such that the completed package can be post heated after insertion of the meat to seal areas of the bag which have been drawn together during the evacuation. Embodiments of the bag are disclosed which have more than 50% of the surface of the bag covered by a boneguard panel. Boneguard panels which include a relatively thick layer of foamed plastic are also disclosed.

Abstract: Apparatus for the manufacture of a fibrous web comprises provision of a conduit having a plurality of outlets for discharging classified fibers onto a linearly movable planar section of an endless screen. The fibers pass through openings in the screen and land on an underlying planar section of a forming wire, in formation of the fibrous web, with the aid of an underlying vacuum box. Uniformity of fiber distribution is provided by parallel banks of brushes that engage the planar section of the endless screen and are rapidly oscillated in short, non-synchronous strokes transversely of the direction of screen movement.

Abstract: Unitary double cavity cartons, for example, of the type commonly referred to as clam shell cartons, are provided in which lines of weakness, adjacent the center hinge and positioned to form a hinge ridge or channel upon closing, permit the carton to open freely without buckling or tearing.

Abstract: A recloseable hinged blister card package is provided wherein the clear plastic blister is secured to a paperboard card which is suitably cut-scored along the secured areas to allow ply separation of the card for opening the blister. Improved tensile strength which enhances resistance to inadvertent tearing away of the blister is achieved by use of a bottom panel extension of the card that is folded 180.degree. and secured to the blister flange at the bottom of a product holding portion of the blister. Upon opening, the blister flange at the bottom of the blister remains secured to the fold over extension. The package opens by folding the blister back, the package hinge line being the fold line of the fold over extension.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing trim from ends of elongate rolls, or logs, of paper cut into several short rolls of uniform lengths. The cut logs are transported longitudinally, in side by side disposition, while the short rolls are individually supported by first support members extending between and engaging confronting sides of the rolls, in combination with second support members opposite the first support members and engaging sides of the rolls opposite the sides engaged by the first members. The trim is not engaged or supported by the first and second members, and is permitted to fall away from the logs as they are transported.

Abstract: A device having at least one, preferably a plurality of air turning foils situated upstream of and at the level of the region between a fiber distributor and an underlying moving forming surface. Terminal edge portions of the foils direct ambient air in the direction of forming surface movement to impart to fibers in transit between the distributor and forming wire a uniform velocity component of movement in said direction. Each foil preferably is convex from upstream of the foil when viewed in cross section, is parallel to and equidistant from the other, and has its terminal edge portion parallel to the forming surface.

Abstract: A bottom profile for a cylindrical two-piece drawn steel can is configured during manufacture so that the resultant shape may subsequently be altered by pushing downward at the outer profile ring adjacent the periphery with a simple cylindrical tool, thereby achieving a finished container with the desired configuration to be functionally and operationally interchangeable in a packing and processing line with traditional three-piece containers.

Abstract: A system and method for applying a meat release was to a formed container prior to filling, sealing and processing by application of the wax at elevated temperatures via a hot melt spray and post application of heat to the empty coated container to fuse the hot melt wax into a continuous internal coating to act as a release agent for subsequently added comestibles and the like.

Abstract: An inverted press for producing multiple drawn metal containers combines in one press the functions of cupping and drawing presses. The press includes a blanking and cupping station and several drawing and redrawing stations, disposed one adjacent the other and rendered serially operative by a vertically reciprocable slide assembly. At each stage of operation the material, semifinished article or finished article is under complete control. A method for producing a drawn container by multiple forming and reforming of a drawn article, is also provided.

Abstract: This invention pertains to fluxes used in recovery operations for secondary aluminum. The flux herein is formulated in order to minimize the amount of chloride in the slag whereby it can be used as land fill without an adverse impact on the environment or in lieu of bauxite in the manufacture of aluminum or as source of aluminum oxide for the manufacture of aluminum or aluminum salts. The flux uses a combination of sodium chloride and aluminum chloride which form a double salt having vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit the aluminum chloride sublimation, without rapid sublimation, however, sufficiently high to permit the evaporation of chloride salts to provide low chloride slag. The improved flux also permits the heat cycle to be shortened by 10 to 20 percent thereby giving a measurable energy savings.

Abstract: An inverted press for producing multiple drawn metal containers combines in one press the functions of cupping and drawing presses. The press includes a blanking and cupping station and several drawing and redrawing stations, disposed one adjacent the other and rendered serially operative by a vertically reciprocable slide assembly. At each stage of operation the material, semifinished article or finished article is under complete control. A method for producing a drawn container by multiple forming and reforming of a drawn article, is also provided.