Abstract: A rotor rotating electric machine having a toroidal winding assembly wound n a toroidal helix configuration. The toroidal winding includes four coils, each of which is wound in the form of a toroidal helix around a thin cylindrical ring. A rotor, coaxially rotatable within the toroidal winding, includes a magnetic assembly which has alternately a plurality of north pole permanent magnets and a plurality of south pole permanent magnets. Excitation of the toroidal winding assembly will, in turn, cause the rotor to rotate in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A rotating shutter system for improving the resolution of a visual scene projected upon a spherical screen by a 360.degree. non-programmed visual display system. A rotating shutter, which has on its upper surface a plurality of opaque radial lines, is positioned within an annular probe of the 360.degree. non-programmed visual display system so as to improve the resolution of the annular probe. A direct current motor drives the rotating shutter at a predetermined rotational speed, and a feedback circuit maintains the rotational speed of the direct current motor at a constant value.

Abstract: A laser beam directional deviation and noise stabilization device is disclosed as incorporating a laser which broadcast a monochromatic laser light beam along a predetermined optical path, and a plurality of optical elements which eliminate from the laser light beam any beam wander, and power level fluctuations inherent within the laser light beam.

Abstract: A 360 degree closed circuit television system is disclosed which includes x background scene cameras, each camera of which scans a sixty degree segment of a background scene appearing on a 360 degree reflective display screen, and each camera of which provides a background information signal in response to scanning of the background scene; and six target cameras, each target camera of which scans a target, and each camera of which provides a target information signal in response to scanning of the target.The background scene and target information signals are then supplied to an electronic gating circuit which synthesizes the background scene and target information signals so as to produce six background scene-target information signals. Each background scene-target information signal activates one of six projectors with each projector, in turn, broadcasting a sixty degree segment of the background scene upon one screen element of a hexagonal shaped transparent display screen.

Abstract: A non-toxic smoke generator for simulating the smoke of a fire includes an nner cylindrical shell surrounded in spaced relation by a thermally insulated outer casing to form an air flow passage therebetween through which compressed air heated by electric air heaters is caused to flow in a helical pattern to heat the shell to a temperature above the vaporization temperature of a vaporizable smoke substance. The smoke substance, such as propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 200 or mineral oil, is pumped from a reservoir through a supply pipe having a coiled preheating portion disposed in the space between the shell and housing and is sprayed through a wide spray atomizing nozzle into heated vaporization chamber where it is vaporized and discharged as non-toxic smoke.

Abstract: A system that uses the computer more efficiently in computer generated image displays by allocating priority status to the area being viewed by the observer while progressively diminishing the resolution requirements of the displayed scene toward its perimeter. The video signal corresponds to the orientation of the observer's head which is ascertained by head and eye trackers, and provides a variable level of detail that tends to match the visual acuity of the human eye.

Abstract: A wide angle infinity display system to be utilized by a trainee pilot for bserving a visual scene displayed upon a retroreflective screen. The system includes a helmet adapted to be worn by the trainee pilot, image producing means for generating visual information, image forming means mounted upon the helmet for projecting the visual information onto the retroreflective screen so as to form the visual scene observed by the trainee pilot, and communicating means for transmitting the visual information from the image producing means to the image forming means. Position monitoring means coupled to the helmet sense angular movement of the head of the trainee pilot, and the visual scene is changed correspondingly, to permit scanning of a wide angle field of view.

Abstract: A replaceable fuel nozzle nut lockwasher adapted to fit about the periphery f a fuel nozzle nut so as to secure the fuel nozzle nut to a fuel nozzle. The replaceable fuel nozzle nut lockwasher comprises a pair of semicircular shaped members clinched together by a pair of tabs. A pair of grooves located within the fuel nozzle nut lockwasher prevent the axial movement of the fuel nozzle nut lockwasher upon the fuel nozzle nut. In addition, a pair of dimples located within the fuel nozzle nut lockwasher, and a third tab affixed to the fuel nozzle nut lockwasher prevent the rotational movement of the fuel nozzle nut lockwasher about the periphery of the fuel nozzle nut.

Abstract: A high speed digital to analog converter circuit for converting a plurality f data bytes to corresponding analog signals at very high conversion rates. A computer image generator provides in response to each clock pulse of a first clock signal a set of eight data bytes. Each set of data bytes are then latched alternatively in first storage means or second storage means. Multiplexing means alternatively samples each set of data bytes latched in said first and second storage means, and an octet of digital to analog converters then converts each set of data bytes to a corresponding set of eight analog signals. Gating means, in turn, sequentially passes each set of analog signals so as to form at its output a video information signal which may be utilized to activate an image display apparatus.

Abstract: A servo control system for the positioning of a projector comprising a dit current motor having the projector connected to the shaft of the motor, and a digital computer for providing command signals to move the projector to a programmed position at a programmed velocity within a predetermined time period. A potentiometer produced an electrical signal indicative of the actual position of the projector, and a tachometer produces an electrical signal indicative of the actual velocity of the projector. Feedback means, in turn, provides a position error signal indicative of the difference between the programmed position and the actual position of the projector, provides a velocity error signal indicative of the difference between the programmed velocity and the actual velocity of the projector, and varies, in response to the position and velocity error signals, the voltage level of the command signal such that the projector will attain the programmed position within the predetermined time period.

Abstract: A linear motion and pop-up target training system is disclosed for training a marksman to fire a simulated weapon. Located upon the terrain surface of a modelboard are six pop-up targets and three bi-directional linear motion targets, each of which emits, when activated by a first microprocessor computer, a pulsed beam of infrared light. Mounted upon the weapon is a sensor which will sense the pulsed beam of infrared light emitted by the activated target. The sensor then supplied to a rifle electronics circuit an analog signal proportional to the amount of light received by the sensor, and the rifle electronics circuit converts the analog signal to a digital logic signal to be supplied to a second microprocessor computer. The second microprocessor computer then processes the digital logic signal in accordance with a predetermined computer program so as to determine whether the marksman has scored a hit, a miss, or a near miss upon the activated target.

Abstract: A wire rope lubricator cleaner for applying to a wire cable a lubricant cleaner, and removing from the wire cable excess lubricant cleaner so as to lubricate and clean the wire cable. A lubrication canister removably coupled to a rectangular shaped frame assembly applies the lubricant cleaner to the wire cable. A die rotatably mounted on an upper slide assembly of the rectangular shaped frame removes the excess lubricant from the cable and cleans the wire cable.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the holographic storage of terrain data on a hgraphic recording material. The holographic storage apparatus includes a camera, positioned above a terrain surface, for recording on a photographic film a plurality of photographic images of a matrix of perspective points of a terrain surface. A laser gives rise to an object laser light beam which is directed onto, and is reflected from, the photographic film; and, a reference laser light beam which is directed onto the holographic recording material. An object transform lens directs the reflected object laser light beam onto the holographic recording material to form, when combined with the reference laser light beam, a plurality of holograms, with each of the holograms based on a photograph taken from one of the matrix of perspective points above the terrain surface.

Abstract: An electro-optic infantry weapons training system for simulating the firing f a quintet of weapons at a visual target which appears upon a screen. A quintet of trainee riflemen, each of whom is holding a weapon, aim and fire the weapons at the visual target. A visual projector projects upon the screen a background scene including the visual target, while an infrared projector simultaneously projects upon the screen an infrared target. Each weapon includes a sensor element for sensing the infrared target whenever the weapon is correctly aimed at the visual target. The sensor elements are connected in a unique combination with sensor circuits, enable circuits, and an interface circuit so as to provide to a microprocessor computer and an eight-bit microcomputer data words which indicate whether each of the quintet of trainee riflemen have scored a hit upon the visual target.

Abstract: A portable battery-powered electric smoke generator for simulating the sm of a fire for training purposes includes a tubular housing enclosing a rechargeable battery power supply having terminals connected to the ends of a tubular metallic coil filled with a vaporizable smoke producing liquid. One end of the tubular coil communicates with a smoke discharge port at one end of the housing. The discharge port is sealed by a fusible disk and communicates with an apertured smoke release cup. An electric switch arrangement, either thermal or electronic, is provided on the housing in the circuit between the coil and power supply for energizing the tubular coil for a time sufficient to superheat the vaporizable liquid therein. The heat of the tubular coil melts the fusible disk to release the superheated liquid through the smoke release cap into the atmosphere as a vapor simulating smoke. The liquid may be mineral oil, polyethylene glycol 200 or propylene glycol.

Abstract: An active (laser) and passive guidance system having a common sensor (siln-vidicon) for target acquisition, non-imaging seeker (four quadrant detector integrated with four single detectors, gyro optics, electronics), and aim-point correlator. In the passive mode, the pilot detects the target on the sensor's visual display; aligns the seeker with the target by aim-point correlation, and initiates seeker tracking. In the laser mode, the seeker acquires and tracks the target, the acquisition sensor scans the area, and its signals are correlated with the seeker four detector signals. The point of maximum correlation is indicated on the display of the acquisition seeker and shows the point of laser illumination and seeker tracking.

Abstract: A feature extraction and selection technique for the recognition of chararistics identified with man-made objects within a scene of natural terrain, wherein the frequency of occurrence of the features is plotted in the form of three-dimensional histograms which describe the features of man-made objects, such as straight edges and regular geometric shapes. Employing conventional pattern recognition techniques, these features are used to classify the imagery as man-made or non man-made.

Abstract: A recoil force and weight loss simulator is disclosed which generates vars predetermined forces that may be imparted to training weapons, and other devices so as to give them realistic operational characteristics which they otherwise would not have. The recoil force and weight loss simulator includes first force generating means adapted to move a weapons support stand and, thus, an imitation weapon effectively mounted on the weapons support stand in a rearward direction when activated, and second force generating means adapted to release a weight, when activated, from a predetermined position above a terrain surface such that the weight will fall freely to the terrain surface. Actuating means activates the first and second force generating means whenever a marksman triggers the trigger mechanism of the imitation weapon such that the marksman will experience a recoil force and weight loss upon firing the weapon.

Abstract: A holographic terrain surface display system for simulating the visual scs available to a trainee pilot with respect to a terrain surface. The holographic terrain surface display system according to the present invention comprises a holographic film, having a plurality of holograms, illuminated by a laser light beam. The laser light beam is focused on one of the plurality of holograms to generate a real image of the terrain surface. The real image of the terrain surface is then projected onto a spherical front projection screen to be observed by the trainee pilot, at a remote location, through a closed circuit television system.

Abstract: A marksmanship training device is disclosed for simulating long range weas so as to train a marksman in the use of the particular weapon being simulated. The marksmanship training device comprises a laser transmitter mounted within the weapon being simulated which, when activated by the marksman, broadcasts at a target a square wave beam of laser light having a predetermined frequency. A receiver, mounted upon the target, will sense only a square wave laser light beam having the predetermined frequency mentioned above and activate a buzzer so as to indicate that the marksman has scored a hit upon the target.