Abstract: A dual polarized wave-guide notch antenna array is disclosed. The device comprises a feed section having at least two input transmission lines, a feed/wave-guide interface providing an aperture for transferring a radio frequency electromagnetic wave between the feed section and a wave-guide mode in a wave-guide section having ridges. The wave-guide section transfers energy between the feed/wave-guide interface and a tapered notch section, thereby gradually adjusting a created electromagnetic field towards free space conditions.

Abstract: A PAMELA-type of composite power amplifier is configured in such a way that a single power amplifier is operated at low output voltage amplitudes by prohibiting a pair of outphasing power amplifiers to produce any current. Preferably, at output voltage amplitudes above the maximum voltage of the single power amplifier is to be reached, the pair of outphasing power amplifiers is taken into operation providing currents phase shifted by substantially 180 degrees. When also the outphasing power amplifiers reach their maximum voltages, an outphasing operation is performed.

Abstract: This invention presents a method to provide a more enhanced voice message system to subscribers of a voice message service, where a calling party can receive more detailed information about the called subscriber and in different kind of formats. This is done by giving the calling party the opportunity to choose between and receive different type of messages. This message type can for example be a SMS message with additional phone numbers. Furthermore it can be a WAP-link to the subscriber's personal WML-page or the vCard of the subscriber. Also EMS or MMS messages can be sent, including video presentations or maps showing driving directions or other relevant information the subscriber wants to provide.

Abstract: System and methods for allowing the extension of the ISDN/GSM Call Completion to Busy Subscriber Supplementary Service across a Network Boundary between a general Switched Circuit Network (SCN) using ISUP as call control protocol, and an IP Packet Network using SIP as session control protocol. The methods define a set of new protocol elements to be included in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) in order to make it possible to implement the required service logic in SIP User Agents and Clients. The methods also define the set of sequences, timers and use cases that a Network Gateway must fulfil in order to allow users from both networks to invoke the service for calls going through the Network Gateway in question; the Network Gateway represents an end-point for both SCN and SIP domains.

Abstract: Methods and a related data routing system for handling received data packets that are out of sequence and were previously declared lost. Following receipt of a data packet, it is determined if the sequence number of the received data packet is out of order in comparison to previously received data packets. If the sequence number is out of order, the distance between the out of order sequence number and the sequence number of the last data packet that was received in sequence is calculated. The distance is used to discard or keep the received data packet based on a predetermined amount of threshold level of distance, the threshold level of distance being a function of the finite amount of memory space of the data transmission device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method in a wireless communications system (WCS) of controlling charging procedures for message services which enable transport of messages from a mobile station (MS) to a service center (SC), the method comprising transporting a message from the mobile station (MS) for example via a network node (MSC/VLR) to the service center (SC), temporarily storing the message at the service center (40), sending a first confirmation acknowledging receipt of the message at a service center (SC) to the mobile station (MS), and, if the mobile station (MS) acknowledges receipt of the first confirmation, routing the message from the service center (SC) to a recipient of the message and initiating a charging procedure (CU) for a message. The invention also relates to a network node (MSC/VLR) implementing this method and a wireless communications system (WSC) comprising such a network node (MSC/VLR).

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for interleaving, according to an interleaving scheme, an input sequence comprising K bits into an interleaved sequence, comprising the steps of (a) storing the input sequence in a first memory means, (b) generating first indices of N succeeding bits of the interleaved sequence, wherein 1 m(F) N m(F) K, (c) converting. according to an inverse of said interleaving scheme, said first indices into second indices indicative of the positions where said N succeeding bits of the interleaved sequence are stored in said first memory means, and (d) reading out said N succeeding bits from said positions in said first memory means, thereby generating at least part of said interleaved sequence.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, and an associated method, in a communication system that is tolerant to interference. The received signal is divided into a real and an imaginary part, and the noise and interference is modeled as a filtered process. The invention solves the interference problem by utilizing the inherent signal structure.

Abstract: A method and a device for compensating a data-dependency of a power measurement caused by linear modulation is described. The method comprises performing a first measurement (160) of a transmitted output power and performing a second measurement (160) of a reflected power, wherein the second measurement is performed time multiplexed from said first measurement. The method further comprises calculating (171) a first average power based on data transmitted during the first measurement, calculating a second average power based on data transmitted during the second measurement, and compensating (171) at least one of the first measurement and second measurement based on a difference between the first average power and the second average power.

Abstract: A communication receiver improves its channel estimation performance, its equalization performance, or both, by modeling the non-Gaussian characteristics of a dominant source of interference in a received signal. That is, rather than using Gaussian-based modeling, the receiver generates signal disturbance estimates using a probabilistic model representative of the non-Gaussian interference in a received signal, such as adjacent channel or co-channel signal interference in mobile station operating within a wireless communication network. The receiver may use such non-Gaussian interference modeling responsive to detecting such interference in the received signal and may match its disturbance model to the detected interference. Further, where signal disturbance is predominantly Gaussian in nature, the receiver may switch to a Gaussian disturbance model.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in a wireless communication system comprising at least one transmitter provided with at least two antennas and at least one receiving unit provided with at least one antenna and wherein training sequences are transmitted from the at least two antennas of the at least one transmitter to the at least one antenna of the at least one receiving unit. Characterized in that first, prior to the transmission, a training sequence P(k) is Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformed to a sequence p(n). Second, for each antenna branch the Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformed sequence p(n) is cyclically rotated by a predetermined step, said predetermined step being p(n) is cyclically rotated by a predetermined step, said predetermined step being different for each antenna branch to generate cyclically rotated training sequences p(n?n1), p(n?n2). Third, the cyclically rotated training sequences p(n?n1), p(n?n2) are transmitted concurrently from said at least two antennas to the receiving unit.

Abstract: An A/D converter includes at least one comparator array (COMP1–COMP7) for flash A/D conversion of an analog signal. Means (CCU, SW1–SW7) provide, for each comparator in the array, a common reference signal to both comparator input terminals. Means (CCU, DAC1–DAC7) force each compara-tor in the array into the same logical output state. Finally, means (CCU, DAC1–DAC7) adjust the comparator trip-point for each comparator by a ramp signal until the logical output state is inverted.

Abstract: A directional coupler for radio frequency application, comprising: an input (110) for receiving a radio frequency input signal; a port (120) for delivering a radio frequency output signal; a first elongated conductor (150; 150:1), suspended in air between two ground planes, for connecting the input (110) with the port (120); the first conductor (150) comprising a sandwich structure with a first upper conductive strip (150A), a first intermediate layer comprising a dielectric material and a first lower conductive strip (150B); a second elongated conductor (200; 200:1), suspended in air between two ground planes, the second elongated conductor (200:1) comprising a sandwich structure with a second upper conductive strip (200:1A), a second intermediate layer comprising a dielectric material and a second lower conductive strip (200:1B); said first elongated conductor (150; 150:1) and said second elongated conductor (200; 200:1) being substantially parallel; said first upper and lower conductive strips and said sec

Abstract: A kit, and method of installation thereof, for field-modification of a mailbox to protect against mail theft.

Abstract: A method of controlling a queue buffer (2), said queue buffer (2) being connected to a link (1) and being arranged to queue data units (30) that are to be sent over said link (1) in a queue (20), comprising: determining (S1) a value (QL; QL?av#191) of a length parameter related to the length of said queue (20), comparing (S2) said value (QL; QL?av#191) with a length threshold value (L?th#191; min?th#191; max?th#191) and performing (S3) a congestion notification procedure if said value (QL; QL?av#191) is equal to or greater than said length threshold value (L?th#191; min?th#191; max?th#191), and an automatic threshold adaptation procedure (S4, S7), where said automatic threshold adaptation procedure (S4, S7) is arranged to automatically adapt said length threshold value (L?th#191; min?th#191; max?th#191) on the basis of one or more characteristics of said link (1).

Abstract: The invention concerns the bit error resilience of an IP protocol stack based on a secure link layer, in which packet flows are header compressed according to a suitable header compression standard. By analyzing each packet at the link layer, it can be determined whether the packet is a full header packet, in which case the link layer checksum evaluation is used as normal for discarding faulty full header packets, or a header compressed packet, in which case the link layer checksum evaluation is ignored and the packet is propagated upwards in the protocol stack. This solution not only allows for more intelligent higher-level handling of faulty header compressed packets, but also solves the problem of properly protecting full header packets at the link layer. In order to compensate for ignoring the link layer checksum evaluation for header compressed packets, header protection is introduced at the header compression level of the link layer by using one or more local checksums.

Abstract: Systems and methods for preventing unauthorized use of roaming numbers in a wireless telecommunications system. Upon receipt of a call request for a mobile terminal at a Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC), the GMSC queries a Home Location Register (HLR). The HLR requests a roaming number for the mobile terminal from a Mobile Switching Center (MSC). The MSC allocates a roaming number for the mobile terminal, assigns an authentication code, and sends to the HLR. The HLR receives the roaming number and authentication code and relays to the GMSC. The GMSC sends a call setup request to the MSC; the call setup request includes the roaming number and the authentication code. The MSC confirms the authentication code and, if the authentication code for the roaming number is confirmed, completes the call request to the mobile terminal.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for minimizing the processing delay incurred by an IC receiver over conventional receivers in a CDMA cellular system are disclosed. The method and apparatus involve operating the conventional receiver and the IC receiver in parallel to each other. Data from the conventional receiver are then used to supplement data from the IC receiver in order to minimize the delays incurred by the IC receiver.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system for updating location information of mobile stations. A mobile station moves from an area controlled by a first mobile services switching center (MSC) to an area controlled by a second MSC. The mobile station then registers with the second MSC, and, in response, the mobile station is added to a second MSC database. The second MSC recalculates a second MSC checksum to include the newly registered mobile station. Next, the HLR sends an HLR checksum to the second MSC. The second MSC compares the HLR checksum and the second MSC checksum. If the checksums are equal, then the second MSC sends the location registration signal to the mobile station. If the checksums are unequal, then the second MSC sends an error signal to the HLR, and also sets the second MSC database equal to a previous correct database. Next, the HLR sends all logged erasures to the second MSC.

Abstract: Methods of manufacturing a printed board assembly. In one embodiment, a substrate is coated with an electrically conducting material; electrical components are mounted on some areas of the substrate; non-conducting material is disposed in areas between the electrical components; the substrate, electrical components and non-conducting material are sandwiched between two sheets of resin coated conducting foil, wherein the resin on the foils faces the substrate and buries the electrical components; circuit patterns are etched in the exposed surfaces of the resin coated conducting foils; and, electrical connections are established between at least one of the resin coated conducting foils and the electronic components.