Abstract: A mass analyzer in which an ion signal, typically from a plasma, travels through an orifice into a vacuum chamber, and through a focussing system in the vacuum chamber into a mass spectrometer and ion detector. Drift of the detected ion signal, and differences in drift of the detected ion signal for different elements, are greatly reduced by a small shadow stop placed in the vacuum chamber immediately behind the orifice. The shadow stop and plate containing the orifice are both preferably grounded. The focussing system includes a Bessel box lens, and drift is further reduced by insulating the stop in the Bessel box lens from the barrel and biasing the Bessel stop differently from the barrel.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a house which has the external appearance of a conventional bungalow but which can be converted between a single family home and a two family home. The house has two living units including respective living areas which are disposed side by side and separated by a demising wall. The living areas include kitchens disposed in contiguous relationship on opposite sides of the wall and the wall includes a section between the kitchens which is closed when a two family home is required but which can be opened to permit access between the kitchens when the structure is to serve as a single family home. The kitchens then combine into a single enlarged kitchen and provide access between the two living units.

Abstract: An expansion joint for use between adjacent sections of a roadway comprises a resilient seal for extending along the gap between the sections and two seal retainers adapted to be secured to the respective roadway sections on opposite sides of the gap. Each retainer has a cavity that opens towards the other retainer and internal shoulders on opposite sides of the opening. The seal has a V-shaped centre web and enlarged ears along opposite margins that fit into the retainer cavities. Each ear has two shoulders that abut against the shoulders in the cavity and prevent the ear being withdrawn from the cavity. The respective shoulders are carried by parts of the seal that have convex abutting faces, biassing the shoulders on the ear against the shoulders of the cavity.

Abstract: A tool for smoothing a granular surface, such as golf course sand trap surfaces, has a tool head with a plurality of tines extending therefrom. A first means on one side of the head prevents material from building up ahead of the tines and a second means on the other side of the tines smooths the surface of the material through which the tines have already passed. The invention may also include a third means, for smoothing the surface of the material at the edge of the rake sweep path. These means can be provided by an elongate tubular body with dished end surfaces.

Abstract: A lottery ticket has a front sheet, a rear sheet and an adhesive layer for bonding the front sheet and the rear sheet together. The side of the rear sheet which faces the front sheet bears a plurality of symbols. This plurality of symbols includes a set of winning symbols. The lottery ticket also comprises security indicia on the same side of the rear sheet. These security indicia include a pattern, a winning ticket code, and a winning prize code. These security indicia may be used either singularly or in combination.

Abstract: An aqueous solution containing a water soluble polyvalent metal sulphate, an alkali metal silicate and an alkali metal metabisulphite is described which is added to a slurry of a copper mineral bearing ore to be subjected to a froth flotation step for obtaining a copper concentrate. The aqueous solution is added to enhance the selectivity of conventional flotation collectors and depressants when the valuable minerals are finally disseminated in the host ore, which is then required to be ground to very small particle sizes to achieve the desired liberation. Other valuable minerals such as those bearing zinc and lead, may be recovered from the tailing.

Abstract: A sensor has two independent pressure chambers, each of which is in fluid communication through a plurality of relatively small passages to the flow within a duct; the passages for the first chamber being directed upstream, the passages for the second chamber being directed otherwise than upstream, usually downstream. The chambers are arranged so that their axes are parallel to each other, with the axis of the first chamber upstream of the axis of the second chamber. Depending upon the profile of the sensor, the dynamic pressure and changes therein are a constant multiplier function of the first chamber pressure minus static pressure. The constant multiplier is greater than 1.0, and is constant for a given sensor across a wide variation of measured pressures. When the profile of the sensor is essentially cruciform, with upwardly and downwardly extending wings, the multiplier effect may be in the order of 3.5 to 5.0, thereby permitting very low differential pressures to be detected and measured.

Abstract: A process and reagents are described for separating beryllium silicate concentrates by flotation from oxidic minerals. The process is especially suitable for the separation of phenacite and bertrandite present in ores with complex gangue compositions. The ore is ground and subjected to acid pretreatment, then conditioned by the addition of pH modifier, alkali fluoride activator and a depressant containing sodium hexametaphosphate and carboxymethyl cellulose, or hexametaphosphate and quebracho. The conditioned ore is thereafter treated with a tall oil fatty acid-based collector mixture, of general formula C.sub.17 H.sub.31-35 COOH; which also contains cresylic acid, kerosene and a branched short-chained aliphatic alcohol, such as methyl-iso-butyl carbinol. Mercapto acetic acid and alkali metal hydrogen sulphide may also be added in the second and third stages of conditioning, respectively, for increasing selectivity. The mineral concentration process includes conventional rougher and cleaner flotation steps.

Abstract: A process is described for the substantially complete recovery of cyanide reagent and metal forming water soluble metal-cyanide complexes contained in mill effluents and waste waters. The process is comprised of a loading cycle wherein the metal-cyanide complexes are adsorbed onto a basic ion exchange resin and the free cyanide containing column effluent is returned to the mill. The metal ions, which are usually mostly copper, nickel and zinc, and the complexing cyanide are eluted in the subsequent regenerant cycle by an acid solution having controlled pH and controlled redox potential, the latter being measured against the saturated calomel electrode. The preferred oxidant to control the redox potential of the regenerant solution is hydrogen peroxide. The generated hydrogen cyanide is sparged with air, or removed by subatmospheric pressure from the regenerant solution, and dissolved in an alkaline scrubber solution for reuse. The metal ions are recovered from a bleed solution.

Abstract: A wheel vehicle for traversing rough uneven terrain. One set of load bearing wheels is used in conjunction with secondary wheels that are placed such that the secondary wheels bridge the spacing between the load bearing wheels below the horizontal axis of the load bearing wheels sufficiently to prevent any ground projection from engaging such a space to impede movement of the vehicle.

Abstract: A process is provided for the separation of a solid into its constituent lyophobic and lyophilic components by comminution and agglomeration in liquids to which the two components are respectively lyophobic and lyophilic. The process has particular application in coal beneficiation wherein ash particles are liberated into a water phase and coal particles are agglomerated with oil. The operations of comminuting and agglomerating are combined in a single step by performing the process in a mill having positive transport capability.

Abstract: A body massager includes a casing having handles at opposite sides disposed in planes mutually at right angles, for ease of manipulation of the massager. A massage head is mounted in the casing for pivotal rocking movement about a transverse axis and has a contoured massage surface for imparting a percussive massage action to a patient. The massage head is driven from an electric motor by a dynamically balanced eccentric driving a connecting rod connected to the massage head by way of a resilient link that can be adjusted to vary the amplitude of the rocking motion.

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing a signal takes the Fourier Transform of both an original signal and a shifted signal, which has previously been subjected to a shift, for example a time shift, relative to the original signal. This gives sets of first and second frequency components corresponding respectively to the original signal and the shifted signal. The arguments of at least one pair of corresponding first and second frequency components are calculated, and subtracted to give a phase difference. From this phase difference, the frequency of the corresponding constituent of the original signal can be determined. Further, having obtained the frequency, one can calculate the initial phase and amplitude of the corresponding constituent of the original signal. The signal can vary temporally or spatially.

Abstract: This radiometer accurately measures IR and solar spectrum radiation in a vacuum, and accounts for radiation loss from its sensing plate by measuring the housing temperature. Calibration is performed by measuring the temperature of the sensing plate and housing while power to a heater attached to the sensing plate is varied. The square of the difference between the measured power dissipation of the heater and the heat absorbed by the sensing plate as determined from the heat balance equation of the sensing plate is minimized to obtain calibration factors for the heat balance equation.

Abstract: A lifting device, for vehicles, has two support platforms. Scissor mechanisms connect these platforms, to bases, and are actuated by hydraulic piston and cylinder assemblies. A combiner and divider valve supplies fluid to the two hydraulic cylinders. A single cross brace can be provided between the two support platforms. This ensures the two platforms operate uniformly, even for an uneven load distribution, while giving a clear working space.

Abstract: An air control damper is provided with an actuator coupled to a shaft for operating the blades of the damper. The actuator includes an electric drive motor that turns the shaft by way of a lever that is coupled to the shaft. The lever has a pulley at an outer end and a cable extends from the drive motor around the pulley and back to a fixed point adjacent the motor. When the motor is operated, the cable is wound around the motor drive shaft, pulling the lever towards the motor and turning the shaft. The arrangement provides a mechanical advantage in transmitting the motor output force to the blade actuating shaft.

Abstract: An electric light holder having a base and a socket to receive a bulb. The socket is removably held to the base by a pair of outwardly extending opposed plastic wings at the front of the base which snap into grooves at the sides of the socket. The wings also serve as stops for the rear of a reflector which is slid over the socket and held in place against the wings by a retainer ring threaded over the socket. Alternatively the reflector can be suspended from the wings.

Abstract: A class B push-pull integrated circuit suitable for low voltage operation, having two symmetrical halves. Each half circuit has first and second opposite conductivity type transistors having their collectors connected together to the base of a class B driver transistor, the collector of which drives the base of an output transistor. An AC input signal is divided into in-phase and anti-phase components one of which is applied to the base of each first transistor. An AC feedback loop extends from the collector of the fourth transistor through a voltage divider and level shifter to the base of the second transistor. A DC feedback loop extends from the base of the fourth transistor through a fifth transistor to the base of the second transistor. Decoupling capacitors extend from the bases of the fifth transistors and through a diode to ground. The arrangement allows use of small decoupling capacitors, and a current forced through the diode eliminates turn-on delay.