Abstract: An improved call waiting arrangement where a caller is free to exercise discretion in interrupting ongoing telephone calls because the caller is prompted, for example via an audible announcement, that the called party is busy on another call but that the caller may request interruption of the call by remaining off-hook. If the caller believes that his call is sufficiently important, he requests call interruption by remaining off-hook. If the caller chooses not to interrupt, he may make subsequent call attempts promptly because he knows that the called party is busy on another call rather than being away from home. Alternatively, the caller may activate auto-callback such that a call is completed between the two parties as soon as the status of the called station returns to on-hook.

Abstract: A switching network where a large class of combinatorial designs which are well known in the mathematical literature are for the first time applied to advantageously define the pattern of permanent connections effected between network input channels and initial network crosspoints, illustratively by a connection arrangement of a two-stage, rearrangeable network. The class of combinatorial designs comprises designs of three types: (1) block designs, (2) orthogonal arrays, and (3) difference sets. Each of these is used in a unique manner to derive an advantageous pattern of permanent connections.

Abstract: A speech recognition arrangement where nonspectral features of the input signal, e.g., energy and voicing parameters, are used to effectively remove non-speech events from consideration but only after a time warping procedure based solely on the input and reference pattern spectral parameters has been completed. The time warping procedure is not unduly complex because there is no need to weight spectral and nonspectral parameters in matching input and reference patterns. For each reference pattern, the time warping procedure defines a scan region of the input signal to be used in evaluating the nonspectral input signal characteristics. Energy and voicing parameters are useful in distinguishing non-speech events since speech patterns typically have few very low-energy frames (other than frames that are part of a gap within a vocabulary item) and more than a minimum number of voiced frames, e.g., frames corresponding to vowel sounds.

Abstract: A switching system in which telecommunications features are improved by the use of the proximity status of a telephone station set user. The status is transmitted to the switching system over the same telephone line used for the station set. The proximity status information simply defines the presence or absence of a person to answer calls to the station set without identifying a particular person.

Abstract: A data hashing arrangement particularly suitable for efficient database storage and fast retrieval of large numbers of character strings. A database address is determined for a character string by replacing individual characters with random numbers selected from a predefined table of random numbers. The table locations of the selected random numbers are uniquely defined by the characters. The selected numbers are combined by iteractive bit reordering and exclusive-OR operations to form a result, which is then used to derive the database address where the character string is stored.

Abstract: A switching network where a large class of combinatorial designs which are well known in the mathematical literature are for the first time applied to advantageously define the pattern of permanent connections effected between network input channels and initial network crosspoints, illustratively by a connection arrangement of a two-stage, rearrangeable network. The class of combinatorial designs comprises designs of three types: (1) block designs, (2) orthogonal arrays, and (3) difference sets. Each of these is used in a unique manner to derive an advantageous pattern of permanent connections.

Abstract: A communication station capable of transmitting audible speech represented by speech signals received on the line during the on-hook state. A calling party name may be spoken at the station without requiring the call to be answered. The station is also usable, while on-hook, for receiving voice messages, e.g., emergency warnings, transmitted from a central office or customer premises switch.

Abstract: A switching network where a large class of combinatorial designs which are well known in the mathematical literature are for the first time applied to advantageously define the pattern of permanent connections effected between network input channels and initial network crosspoints, illustratively by a connection arrangement of a two-stage, rearrangeable network. The class of combinatorial designs comprises designs of three types: (1) block designs, (2) orthogonal arrays, and (3) difference sets. Each of these is used in a unique manner to derive an advantageous pattern of permanent connections.

Abstract: A call appearance reservation arrangement where any number of the call appearances of a directory number are reservable, and where a reservation type is defined for the directory number such that calls to and from the reserved call appearances are processed in accordance with one of a number of possible reservation types, such types for example including: (1) origination only, (2) termination only, and (3) origination and priority termination only.

Abstract: An arrangement for securing data transmissions to and from one data device from among a plurality of data devices sharing a common interface is disclosed. In a data communication network, a master communication bus connects to a plurality of data transmitting and receiving devices via a single interface. The disclosed arrangement provides circuitry in the common interface which generates a jamming signal to all devices connected to the interface except for that one device which is either transmitting or receiving a data-transmission. The jamming signal inhibits all the connected devices from monitoring and detecting the data transmission processes of the interface. The one transmitting and receiving device is enabled to either transmit or receive data during the generation of the jamming signal which ensures a secure data transmission and prevents "eavesdropping" by the other devices. The jamming signal is removed at the conclusion of the data transmission to or from the one device.

Abstract: A call announcement arrangement that obtains the calling party name from a database search and uses a text-to-speech unit to generate speech signals for transmission to the called communication station. The calling party name is spoken at the station instead of being displayed. For a conventional analog station, the name is spoken after the called party has answered in response to ringing at the station but before a connection is completed to the caller. The called party accepts the caller either by remaining off-hook or by transmitting a connection signal using, for example, flash or tone signaling. For other illustrative station equipment such as an ISDN speakerphone or a specially adapted analog speakerphone, the calling party name is spoken before the called party answers in place of or in addition to normal ringing. Caller-identifying speech signal are also transmitted to a station determined to be busy to announce the caller name for a call waiting call.

Abstract: An improved call forwarding arrangement where forwarded calls receive different terminating treatment from non-forwarded calls, for example providing a readily detectable, distinctive alerting signal for forwarded calls or completing only forwarded calls to a station and denying or forwarding other calls without requiring any customer involvement. The arrangement provides an improved call forwarding service for customers with advanced station display capabilities and, in addition, allows selective answering of only forwarded calls by customers that have conventional, analog station equipment. Both switch-based and station-based implements are disclosed.

Abstract: This adjunct processor arrangement performs a centralized call screening function to provide computer port access security. Every call origination in the telephone switching system from a calling party to a protected computer port is interdicted by the telephone switching system and routed to the adjunct processor. The calling party receives a series of prompts from the adjunct processor to provide identification information, such as login, password, and voiceprint information. The adjunct processor validates the identity of the calling party using this identification indicia and initiates a callback operation. The adjunct processor disconnects the calling party from the connection, calls the calling party back and then uses the data call transfer capability of the telephone switching system to connect the calling party to the computer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing calls to a directory number, shared by a multiple number of terminals, in which a switching system selects a preferred terminal for serving the call based on call answering activity. The switching system establishes a connection to the preferred terminal. This system connection is for use in answering the call at the preferred terminal. Although the system connection is established to the preferred terminal, all the terminals sharing the directory number are enabled to answer the call. The arrangement dynamically selects the preferred terminal rather than establishing an initial system connection to only a statically defined terminal.

Abstract: A call coverage arrangement in which coverage personnel are informed of the switch-hook status of covered terminals by way of a single two-part indicator on the coverage terminal. The two-part indicator indicates switch-hook status for any one of a number of covered terminals. The first part of the indicator identifies the covered terminal and the second part defines the switch-hook status of the identified terminal. The arrangement is flexible in providing coverage for additional terminals and in providing coverage via forwarding from any termianl, since there is no need to assign and dedicate status indicators to particular terminals.

Abstract: A communication channel ownership arrangement where two call units (switching modules) each own certain ones of the bidirectional channels between the units. By virtue of ownership, a call unit can immediately assign owned channels to calls without consulting the other call unit. While the ownership of channels to calls may be artibrary at system initialization, ownership is modifiable on a per-call basis to dynamically adapt to the actual directional traffic patterns that are present at a given time to minimize the coordination and communication required between the call units.

Abstract: An optical switch (100) is disclosed for switching spatially-separated complementary optical signals from a row of a two-dimensional input storage array (132) to a selected row of a two-dimensional ouptut storage array (133). The switch includes an input system (101) for converting temporally-separated information represented by a serial bit stream of complementary optical signals into a spatially-separated format for storage in the input array. An output system 105 is also included for converting the switched, spatially-separated information in the output array into a temporally-separated format for serial transmission on plurality of optical output fiber pairs 160(1)-160(N). The input and output systems enable the switch to perform both time- and space-division switching with only a single stage of switching.

Abstract: A switching system including a number of switching modules each having a plurality of access ports. Incoming and outgoing packet channels are extended between each switching module and an inter-module packet switch. Each of the switching modules includes both a packet switching unit and a circuit switching unit for switching information to and from the access ports. Each switching module further includes a control unit that controls the switching units and that generates inter-module control packets, and a communication interface that transmits inter-module control packets generated by the control unit on the incoming packet channel to the inter-module packet switch. The communication interface also transmits inter-module control packets received on the outgoing packet channel from the inter-module packet switch to the control unit.

Abstract: A switching arrangement comprising a crossbar array of crosspoint elements where each column of crosspoint elements, is associated with its own control ring mechanism. The enabling of the individual crosspoint elements of a column and the subsequent transmission of packets are effected rapidly in response to a token, e.g., a single enable bit, that is circulated on the associated control ring. Contention delays between packets are eliminated by passing the token during, rather than after, packet transmission. Upon receipt of a token bit at a crosspoint element, the crosspoint element is enabled while concurrently the token is passed to the next crosspoint element.

Abstract: A fast circuit switching system that establishes a circuit for each packet-sized data communication. Information is conveyed from a number of communications modules in source channels to a number of port controllers and to a network. Information is conveyed from the network to destination channels. Each communications module includes a transmitter that transmits in an associated source channel, circuit setup request signals defining destination channels and also transmits data. Each port controller stores one of a number of status words defining the availability of the destination channels and each of these status words is cycled to each port controller. A port controller responds to one of the circuit setup request signals and to subsequent data, when one of the status words cycled thereto defines as available, a destination channel defined by the circuit setup request signal, by transmitting the circuit setup request signal and the subsequent data to the network.