Abstract: New water-soluble polycondensation products are obtained by reaction of polyfunctional amines with cyanamide, its derivatives or polymers in the presence of sulfamic acid. They are excellent fixing agents which improve fastness properties of dyeings with substantive dyestuffs on cellulose fiber materials, paper, board and non-wovens.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of amido phenyl esters by reacting an amido acid with an inorganic acid chloride in the melt and reacting the resulting amidocarboxylic acid halide with a phenol derivative in an organic solvent.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) with the meanings of R1, R1′, R2, R2′, X, X′, Y, Y′, m and n as given in claim 1 can be used as paper dyes or direct dyes or for the preparation of ink-jet inks.

Abstract: Aqueous spray-resistant and pourable foams (S), produced by mechanical foaming of corresponding aqueous compositions (W), wherein the aqueous phase contains (A) a curable polymer system, which consists of (U) an ionomeric polyurethane or a mixture of ionomeric polyurethanes and optionally (P) one or more further polymers curable at least together with (U), and (B) at least one foam-stabilizer and the liter-weight of (S) at 20° C. and normal pressure is in the range of 400 to 700 g, are eminently suitable for foam-coating of corresponding substrates, in particular of leather.

Abstract: Detergents, cleaning compositions and disinfectants comprising a chlorine-active substances and fatty acid alkyl ester ethoxylates Detergents, cleaning compositions and disinfectants comprising a chlorine-active substance and a fatty acid alkyl ester ethoxylate of the formula RO(CH2CH2O)nCOR1 in which R is C1-C4-alkyl, R1 is C5-C22-alkyl or C5-C22-alkenyl, and n is a number from 1 to 30.

Abstract: A process for dyeing fibrous substrates which comprises the steps of: providing a fibrous substrate; providing at least one sulfur dye; providing at least one reduction stable direct dye; and applying said reduction stable direct dye and sulfur dye to said fibrous substrate in the presence of a suitable reducing agent. Further, it has been surprising to find that these reduction stable direct dyes can be processed without a sulfur dye present. This results in a process for dyeing fibrous substrates which comprises the steps of: providing a fibrous substrate; providing a reduction stable direct dye; and applying said reduction stable direct dye to said fibrous substrate in the presence of a suitable reducing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phyllosilicate-containing detergent and cleaner component which has a bulk density of less than 540 g/l, a mean particle diameter of more than 150 &mgr;m, a particle size fraction below 150 &mgr;m of less than 10%, a particle size fraction above 1180 &mgr;m of less than 5% and a flow factor of more than 15. The invention also relates to the use of the abovementioned phyllosilicate-containing detergent and cleaner component for the preparation of detergent constituents.

Abstract: Alkalophilic and thermophilic cellulases having high stability to elevated temperatures and pH have been isolated from an organism of unknown species, which most closely resembles those in the Caldicellulosiruptor genus and which has been called by us, Tok7B.1, These cellulases have been cloned and expressed in a recombinant system, so that they can be produced in quantity. These are particularly useful in treating cellulosic materials including cotton-containing fabrics, as detergent additives, and in aqueous compositions. We also provide genomic DNA which can be used in recombinant expression vectors and expression systems to produce enhanced alkali and/or temperature stability properties in cellulases other than those specifically described.

Abstract: The invention relates to surfactant-containing formulations which comprise, as surfactant, an N-(3-dialkylamino)propyl-N-polyhydroxyalkylcarboxamide of the formula where R is an aliphatic radical having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, R1 and R2, which are identical or different, are alkyl groups having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl groups having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z is a linear polyhydroxyhydrocarbon radical having at least 3 OH groups, which may also be alkoxylated, and also to their acid addition products. The surfactant-containing formulations are used in industrial and standard household surfactant compositions.

Abstract: Pigment preparations comprising an organic pigment and a phenol-modified natural resin derivative having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of from 400 to 10,000 g/mol which is obtainable by reacting a mixture of reactants containing a) from 50 to 95% by weight of natural resin or natural resin acids, b) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of monocyclic or polycyclic phenols, c) from 0.01 to 15% by weight of aldehydes or aldehyde acetals, d) from 0.001 to 2% by weight of metal compounds from groups Ia and IIa of the Periodic Table, and e) from 4.489 to 30% by weight of &agr;,&bgr;-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids or their anhydrides and has an acid number in the range from 160 to 300 mg of KOH per g of resin, preferably from 200 to 260 mg of KOH per g of resin, are used advantageously in offset printing.

Abstract: A process for dyeing fibrous substrates which comprises the steps of: providing a fibrous substrate; providing at least one sulfur dye; providing at least one reduction stable direct dye; and applying said reduction stable direct dye and sulfur dye to said fibrous substrate in the presence of a suitable reducing agent. Further, it has been surprising to find that these reduction stable direct dyes can be processed without a sulfur dye present. This results in a process for dyeing fibrous substrates which comprises the steps of: providing a fibrous substrate; providing a reduction stable direct dye; and applying said reduction stable direct dye to said fibrous substrate in the presence of a suitable reducing agent.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with compounds according to the formula (I) and salts thereof, or a mixture of such compounds or salts. These compounds are useful as fiber-reactive dyestuffs in dyeing and printing hydroxy-group-containing and nitrogen-containing organic substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fuel/water emulsions essentially comprising 60 to 80% by weight of a fuel, 0.5 to 5% by weight of one or more water-soluble and gasoline-insoluble emulsifiers of the formulae A) R—O—(CH2CH2O)x—H where R is alkyl or alkenyl having in each case 8 to 18 carbon atoms or C9-C14-alkylphenyl and x is a number from 8 to 30, or B) HO—(C2H4O)x—(C3H6O)y—(C2H4O)z—H, in which the proportion of the ethylene oxide units is between 40 and 80% by weight of the molecular mass, or where x is a number between 8 and 30, and 1 to 10% by weight of a water-soluble and gasoline-insoluble poly(alkylene glycol) as stabilizer, also water and, if appropriate, other additives to 100% by weight. The emulsions according to the invention can be used for operating internal combustion engines.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures comprising A) from 10 to 90% by weight of at least one copolymer comprising structural units derived from ethylene and structural units derived from olefinically unsaturated, hydroxyl-containing compounds, and B) from 90 to 10% by weight of at least one copolymer comprising structural units derived from ethylene and structural units derived from vinyl esters, olefinically unsaturated ethers and/or acrylates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an absorption liquid for purifying a gas by removal of gaseous, acidic impurities. The gas to be purified can be any gas, such as synthesis gas or natural gas, which contains gaseous, acidic impurities such as CO2, H2S, SO2, CS2, HCN, COS or mercaptans. The absorption liquid comprises: A) from 0.01 to 4% by weight of at least one compound of the formula B) from 0.001 to 8.0% by weight of water, and C) at least one polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether of the formula R1—O—(R2—O)x—R3 to 100% by weight, where R1 is C1-C4-alkyl, R2 is ethylene or 2-methylethylene, R3 is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, R4 is hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl, R5 is C1-C4-alkylene and X is an integer from 1 to 10. The amine may be N-methyldiethanolamine and the ether may be polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) in which the substituents are as defined in claim 1 are valuable colorants for the mass coloring of polymers, with fluorescence property, in electrophotographics toners and developers, in powders coating materials and ink-jet inks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of phosphinic acid esters, which comprises a) reacting elemental yellow phosphorus with alkylating agents in the presence of a base to give a mixture which comprises, as principal constituents, the (metal) salts of alkylphosphonous, phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids, b) esterifying the principal constituents of the mixture from a) to give an ester mixture, c) isolating the ester of the alkylphosphonous acid from the ester mixture, d) adding the resultant ester of the alkylphosphonous acid onto an olefin containing a functional group. The invention likewise relates to the use of the phosphinic acid esters prepared by this process, inter alia as flame retardants and precursors for further syntheses.

Abstract: The present invention relates to copolymers consisting of (a) 1-99% by weight of structural units of the formula (1)  where R1 is hydrogen or methyl, R4 is C1-C22-alkylene, R5 is C1-C22-alkyl or hydrogen, and X is ammonium, lithium, sodium, potassium, an amine or a mixture of these substances, and (b) 99-1% by weight of structural units of the formula (2)  where R1 is hydrogen or methyl, R2 and R3, independently of one another, are hydrogen, or C2-C22-alkyl, wherein component b) is not hydrolysed and the copolymers have been prepared by a solution precipitation polymerization in a nonaqueous solvent or a water-miscible, organic solvent having a low water content which is a precipitant for the copolymer. The invention furthermore relates to a process for cementing subterranean wells using a cement slurry comprising the following components: a) water of various salinity cement a novel copolymer in a concentration of 0.01-5% bwoc, preferably from 0.05 to 0.

Abstract: The invention relates to a synthetic magnesium silicate having a layered crystalline structure, to a process for its preparation and to its use.

Abstract: The invention relates to storage-stable bleach activator granules consisting essentially of a bleach activator and an acid-modified phyllosilicate, prepared by mixing a dry bleach activator with a dry, acid-modified phyllosilicate, compressing this mixture to give relatively large agglomerates and comminuting these agglomerates to the desired particle size.