Abstract: An optical disk metal mold apparatus includes a fixed cavity plate; a movable cavity plate facing the fixed cavity plate; a disk-shaped plate disposed on at least one of the fixed and movable cavity plates such that it is movable with respect thereto; a stamper plate concentrically supported on the at least one of the fixed and movable cavity plates by the disk-shaped plate such that it is movable with respect to the disk-shaped plate and the at least one of the fixed and movable cavity plates; wherein the stamper plate and the disk-shaped plate are each made of a material and further configured such that a difference between respective deformations of the disk-shaped plate and the stamper plate caused by expansion and contraction thereof due to temperature changes during a molding cycle is smaller than a difference between respective deformations of the stamper plate and the at least one of the fixed and movable cavity plates caused by expansion and contraction thereof due to temperature changes during a mol

Abstract: An arrangement is provided for monitoring at least one of raising and lowering of individual steps of a band of steps of an escalator The escalator includes guide rails for the steps, a driving gear, and endless driving chains provided in a region of balustrade bases and being driven by the driving gear. The guide rails have a transition curve from a horizontal run to a vertical run. Each step includes rollers supported on the guide rails and is held between the endless driving chains. A safety device is disposed essentially in the transition curve for switching off the driving gear.

Abstract: A dynamically stable associative learning neural system includes a plurality of neural network architectural units. A neural network architectural unit has as input both condition stimuli and unconditioned stimulus, an output neuron for accepting the input, and patch elements interposed between each input and the output neuron. The patches in the architectural unit can be modified and added. A neural network can be formed from a single unit, a layer of units, or multiple layers of units.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a foreign substance in a pneumatically advancing fiber tuft stream and for separating the foreign substance therefrom includes a conduit; an optical sensor arrangement situated at a first location of the conduit for detecting a foreign substance in flight and for emitting signals representing the foreign substance; a separating arrangement situated at a second location of the conduit downstream of the first location as viewed in the conveying direction; an evaluating device for processing the signals; and a control device connected to the optical sensor arrangement, the separating arrangement and the evaluating device for operating the separating arrangement.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an HBT using differential epitaxy. By using an emitter mask and an exside-inside spacer structure, a self-aligned fabrication of an emitter contact and a base contact is carried out. The emitter contact layer is made from amorphous silicon. Since the entire process sequence is very temperature-stable and can be carried out at lower implantation energies than conventional methods, HBT's having a high layer quality can be fabricated by the method of the invention which is suitable for mass production and with which high oscillation frequencies can be accomplished.

Abstract: A light-sensing/emitting diode array chip has impurity diffusion regions with a depth of at least 0.5 .mu.m but not more than 2 .mu.m in a semiconductor substrate. Each impurity diffusion region is preferably divided into a first region, used for emitting or sensing light, and a wider second region, used for electrode contact. The second regions are located on alternate sides of the array line, permitting a small array pitch to be combined with a large contact area. In a wafer process for fabrication of the chips, a diffusion mask has both windows defining the impurity diffusion regions, and dicing line marks. The dicing line marks are narrowed where they pass adjacent to the windows at the ends of the chip. In the electrode fabrication step, a photomask with an enlarged pattern is used, to allow for misalignment with the diffusion mask.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a writing method to effectively suppress inter-cell interference when writing data to a single transistor type ferroelectric memory. When V is a writing voltage, stripe-like conducting electrodes are row electrodes, and semiconductor stripes are column electrodes, then the writing method includes a first procedure and a successive second procedure based on V/3 rule. In the first procedure, when a voltage of +V is applied to the row electrode of the cell being observed, while a voltage of zero is applied to the column electrode, and voltages of +V/3 are applied to the other row electrodes, and voltages of +(2/3)V are applied to the other column electrodes, then in the second procedure, a voltage of zero is applied to the row electrode of the cell being observed, while a voltage of +V/3 is applied to the column electrode, and voltages of +V/3 are applied to the other row electrodes, and voltages of zero are applied to the other column electrodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a measuring instrument, particularly an electrochemical measuring sensor, having a sensor element arranged at a measuring point, which sensor element can be connected via electrical connecting leads with an evaluating circuit removed from the measuring point, with the electrical connecting leads being guided so as to be protected against external influences, especially against high temperature influences, at least in the proximity of the measuring point. At its end facing away from the sensor element (12), a protective device (24) receiving the electrical connecting leads (22) is provided with a connecting device (30) which can be connected to a connecting lead (54, 56) to the evaluating circuit.

Abstract: A machine wherein block-shaped arrays of cigarettes are confined in envelopes having closed ends and open ends located at the adjacent end faces of the confined arrays. Each open end includes two confronting elongated flaps alternating with narrow tucks which are to be folded against the adjacent end face of the confined array ahead of the flaps. Successive envelopes are delivered onto a platform constituting the bottom wall of a receptacle and being movable from a lower level, in which the receptacle receives an envelope, to an upper level in which it delivers the finished envelope into a pocket at the underside of an indelible turntable. The tucks of an envelope on the platform are folded over the adjacent end face of the confined array by two folding elements which are movable in a horizontal plane.

Abstract: In a transmission rate converting device, a write data serial-to-parallel converter converts data input to the device to parallel data. A frame pattern generator adds dummy data to the parallel data such that each multiframe forms a multiframe pattern subjected to conversion. The parallel data with the dummy data are written to a RAM (Random Access Memory) included in a FIFO (First-In First-Out) memory via a write port and then read thereoutof. A read data parallel-to-serial converter converts the parallel data read out of the RAM to serial data. A clock comparison and control controls a write clock generator and a read clock generator such that the number of frames stored in the RAM remains in a predetermined range.

Abstract: A device for smoking tobacco or another smoking product or for inhaling aerosols released by corresponding substances when they are heated. The substances that constitutes the smoking product is shredded, granulated or otherwise crushed. The smoking product contained in a reservoir that forms a substantially closed chamber is heated by convection by previously heated air up to a temperature below its glow temperature. An electric heating device that forms a heating air generator arranged in a channel is provided with an outlet nozzle for introducing the heated air into the chamber after the air runs through the heating device and absorbs heat energy. The smoking product is spread in a substantially even manner on a saucer-like surface in the chamber. The outlet nozzle is arranged in such a way that the heated air that flows out of the nozzle flows directly onto the smoking product and heats it through up to a temperature close to but lower than its glow temperature.

Abstract: In a digital radio communication apparatus which carries out radio communication on the basis of TDMA/TDD, the monitoring operation is carried out instead of the transmission operation at the transmission timing of a private station. It is possible to monitor the state of the transmission TDMA slot of the private station and hence it is made possible to carry out the radio communication in a good state at all times.

Abstract: An objective lens system of a quite simple construction with fewer lenses cyomplying with a continuous variation in thickness of the disk. The system records and reproduces information on a high-density and mass storage optical information medium while providing excellent performance. The system comprises a single positive lens element, a positive objective lens element and a disk arranged in that sequence from the side of a light source, in which the single positive lens is moved on an optical axis to improve the aberration that has increased as a result of a variation in thickness of the disk and the objective lens is moved by a slight distance on the optical axis to be in-focus state in response to the movement of the image point resulting from the variation in the thickness of the disk.

Abstract: The modular multiple terminal block for cable connections, especially for a main distributing frame for telecommunications and data lines, is created in such a way that each of the terminal blocks which can be mounted next to one another in a frame for the wires (3') of both the line cable (3') and the switchboard cable are provided with a number of separate modular contact springs extending from one narrow inner longitudinal side of a flat housing to the other with an insulation displacement contact area for solderless connections of the wires. The free ends of the contact springs serve to create a direct contact with the contact springs of connectable connecting plugs and/or jumpering plugs and/or with an overvoltage connection case.

Abstract: A coiler can handling apparatus includes a platform rotatable about a substantially vertical platform axis for rotating a coiler can standing thereon; a travelling coiler can exchanger for moving a coiler can onto and moving a coiler can off the platform; and a centering device for centering a coiler can on the platform relative to the platform axis. The centering device includes first, second and third support rollers for engaging a lateral surface of the coiler can supported upright on the platform. The first, second and third support rollers lie on a common imaginary cylinder having a cylinder axis. The centering device further has a positioning arrangement for holding the first, second and third support rollers at the platform, apart from the travelling coiler can exchanger, whereby the coiler can exchanger travels without carrying therewith the first, second and third support rollers.

Abstract: A voltage transformer with storage reactor (15) and with at least one circuit breaker (14, 14a, 22, 22a), in which the current flowing in the storage reactor (15) establishes the turning off and turning on of the circuit breaker (14, 14a, 22, 22a). A comparator (33) compares the current flowing in the storage reactor (15) to a stipulated threshold value. The circuit breaker (14, 14a, 22, 22a) is when the threshold value is traversed. A timer (17, 17a, 17b), after a voltage jump occurs on storage reactor (15), keeps the circuit breaker (14, 14a, 22, 22a) in the existing switching state for the time fixed by the timer (17, 17a, 17b). The voltage transformer according to the invention can be built with a few discrete components in an extremely cost-favorable manner. One preferred application is given in a motor vehicle.

Abstract: Bit data of a received video signal is partially converted into a first signal representing a data sequence corresponding to the resolution of an LED head. The remaining bit data of the received video signal, which are not converted into the first signal are converted into a second signal representing another data sequence corresponding to the resolution of an LED head. The LED head includes a resolution conversion circuit which converts the video data into the first signal and the second signal. The signals are stored in a shift register having a plurality of line buffers. The first signal is printed on a basic raster line and the second signal is printed on an additional raster line. An LED head drive energy with which basic raster lines are printed and another LED head drive energy with which additional raster lines are printed are set independently of each other.

Abstract: Difluoromethane is produced from dichloromethane and hydrogen fluoride by continuous reaction in a liquid medium comprising an inorganic fraction and an organic fraction, in which a content by weight of the said organic fraction in the liquid medium is maintained at less than or equal to 25% of the sum of the inorganic and organic fractions and a content by weight of dichloromethane in the liquid medium is maintained at less than or equal to 10% of the sum of the inorganic and organic fractions.

Abstract: A disc player has two opposite disc magazines with a plurality of disc holders which each receive a disc and are arranged one above the other in compartments. A transport arrangement movable in the direction of the stack of discs in the magazine conveys a desired disc with its associated disc holder between the compartment and a playback unit. The transport arrangement has a horizontally movable pulling-out arrangement provided with a carriage with a pick-up arm. In order to simplify the construction, the pick-up arm, which is rigidly linked to the carriage of the delivery arrangement, may be horizontally moved between and vertically moved within the disc magazines.

Abstract: An electromagnetic circuit for controlling armature movement includes a holding magnet having a magnet yoke provided with a pole face; a solenoid connected to the magnet yoke; a movably supported armature arranged for reciprocating motion toward and away from the pole face along a motion path; an energizing arrangement for passing a current through the solenoid; a measuring pole leg attached to the magnet yoke; and a measuring pole carried by the measuring pole leg. The measuring pole is situated along the motion path of the armature and generates a signal upon passage of the armature by the measuring pole.