Abstract: A method for generating refrigeration using a turboexpander or reverse Brayton cycle which can more efficiently generate refrigeration especially to cryogenic temperatures using a defined refrigerant mixture containing argon and/or nitrogen.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 27, 2001
Date of Patent:
August 27, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Mohammad Abdul-Aziz Rashad, Kenneth Kai Wong, Henry Edward Howard, Dante Patrick Bonaquist, Bayram Arman
Abstract: A metal refining method particularly useful with a basic oxygen steelmaking process, wherein during an initial period, refining oxygen is provided into the furnace headspace surrounded by a shroud comprising oxygen and inert gas, and during a subsequent period refining oxygen is provided into the furnace headspace surrounded by a flame shroud.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
June 22, 2001
Date of Patent:
August 13, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Balu Sarma, Ronald Joseph Selines, John Erling Anderson, William John Mahoney
Abstract: A cryogenic vessel system for containing cryogenic fluid wherein heat leak into the vessel interior is counteracted by refrigeration generated from energy provided by a pulse generator.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 18, 2001
Date of Patent:
August 13, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
John Henri Royal, Christian Friedrich Gottzmann, Arun Acharya, Gary D. Lang
Abstract: A method and apparatus for refrigerating and, if desired, liquefying an industrial gas wherein a multicomponent refrigerant fluid is used to generate refrigeration in a single circuit which includes a single phase separation and recycle after an initial heat exchange stage.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
November 9, 2001
Date of Patent:
August 6, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Mohammad Abdul-Aziz Rashad, Bayram Arman, Arun Acharya
Abstract: A cryogenic refrigeration system wherein refrigeration is provided to a heat load by a warming multicomponent refrigerant fluid recirculating in a refrigeration circuit and by cryogenic liquid separately provided to the heat load in direct or indirect heat exchange with the heat load.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 16, 2001
Date of Patent:
July 30, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Kenneth Kai Wong, Richard A. Novak, Michael John Sinicropi, Dante Patrick Bonaquist
Abstract: A system for providing refrigeration to a heat load, especially over a larger temperature range and at a cryogenic temperature, wherein pulse tube refrigeration cools a heat transfer medium to provide higher level refrigeration to a refrigeration fluid, and lower level refrigeration is provided to the refrigeration fluid using a non-pulse tube system.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 8, 2001
Date of Patent:
July 30, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Arun Acharya, John H. Royal, Dante P. Bonaquist, Bayram Arman, Christian F. Gottzmann
Abstract: A method for generating refrigeration, especially over a wide temperature range including cryogenic temperatures, wherein a non-toxic, non-flammable and low or non-ozone-depleting mixture is formed from defined components and maintained in variable load form through compression, cooling, expansion and warming steps in a refrigeration cycle.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
April 7, 2000
Date of Patent:
July 30, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Arun Acharya, Bayram Arman, Walter Joseph Olszewski, Dante Patrick Bonaquist, Joseph Alfred Weber
Abstract: A system for providing refrigeration to a heat load, especially over a larger temperature range and at a cryogenic temperature, wherein magnetic refrigeration cools a heat transfer medium to provide higher level refrigeration to a refrigeration fluid, and lower level refrigeration is provided to the fluid using a nonmagnetic system.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
February 22, 2001
Date of Patent:
July 9, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Arun Acharya, Bayram Arman, Dante Patrick Bonaquist
Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing direct contact refrigeration to a heat source wherein refrigeration is generated using a recirculating defined multicomponent refrigerant fluid, and transferred to a direct contact refrigerant fluid which directly contacts the heat source.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
July 25, 2001
Date of Patent:
July 9, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
M. Mushtaq Ahmed, Theodore Fringelin Fisher
Abstract: A cryogenic rectification method for increasing the recovery of argon produced in an argon column of a cryogenic air separation plant wherein liquid nitrogen is mixed with higher pressure column kettle liquid to produce a liquid refrigeration mixture to drive the top condenser.
Abstract: A quadrilateral assembly in an electric arc furnace wall for providing one or more coherent jets into the furnace and for providing preferably a plurality of post combustion oxidant streams into the furnace, preferably for forming a post combustion oxidant sheet.
Abstract: A system, especially useful under cryogenic conditions, for downflowing cocurrent condensation of vapor against downflowing partially vaporizing liquid, wherein the condensing vapor flows within tubes having fluted internal surfaces and the boiling liquid flows along the outer surfaces of the tubes having re-entrant cavities.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
May 22, 2001
Date of Patent:
May 28, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Vijayaraghavan Srinivasan, Michael James Lockett
Abstract: A system for establishing and maintaining a supersonic coherent gas jet, effective with either an oxidizing or an inert gas, employing a converging/diverging nozzle for establishment of a non-disruptive initial supersonic velocity, and a slower moving defined triple layered flame envelope coaxial with the jet for effective maintenance of the supersonic velocity. The invention is particularly useful for providing gas into a pool of liquid.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
October 6, 2000
Date of Patent:
May 7, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
John Erling Anderson, Pravin Chandra Mathur
Abstract: A corrugated structured packing for forming into modules for use in a rectification column, having both high and low corrugations which reduce the contact points when formed into modules, serving to improve mass transfer effectiveness and thus reduce the requisite column height.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 7, 2000
Date of Patent:
April 30, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
John Fredric Billingham, Michael James Lockett
Abstract: A system for producing xenon concentrate suitable for further refining wherein a xenon concentrator column processes liquid from the sump of a lower pressure column and additionally produces oxygen gas for recovery or recycle to the lower pressure column.
Abstract: A pulse tube system especially useful for producing and delivering refrigeration at very cold temperatures wherein a product fluid such as hydrogen is preferably precooled and then liquefied, subcooled and/or densified by heat exchange with ultra cold gas generated by a pulsing compression wave which rejects heat into a cryogen fluid heat sink.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 19, 2001
Date of Patent:
April 23, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Dante Patrick Bonaquist, Bayram Arman, Nancy Jean Lynch, Arun Acharya
Abstract: An industrial gas liquefaction cycle employing a main refrigeration circuit to supply low level refrigeration to the industrial gas, and a forecooling circuit employing an azeotropic mixture to provide high level refrigeration to the refrigerant fluid recirculating within the main refrigeration circuit.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 25, 2001
Date of Patent:
March 19, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Vance Goble, Jr., Arun Acharya, Bayram Arman
Abstract: A cryogenic air separation system wherein pressure energy is supplied by a bridge machine having one or more booster compressors and a multicomponent refrigerant fluid compressor of a multicomponent refrigerant fluid circuit, all of the compressors of the bridge machine driven by power supplied through a single gear case.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
September 8, 2000
Date of Patent:
March 19, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Kevin William Mahoney, Dante Patrick Bonaquist
Abstract: A cryogenic nitrogen production plant wherein all the heat transfer steps, and preferably all the heat transfer and separation steps, are carried out in a brazement which receives feed air and from which is recovered product nitrogen.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
January 31, 2001
Date of Patent:
March 5, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Bayram Arman, Dante Patrick Bonaquist, Tu Cam Nguyen
Abstract: A system wherein flashoff losses from cryogenic liquid tankage are reduced wherein fluid from the tankage is condensed and subcooled against refrigeration bearing refrigerant fluid generated by an exogenous refrigeration system.
Type:
Grant
Filed:
August 1, 2000
Date of Patent:
January 8, 2002
Assignee:
Praxair Technology, Inc.
Inventors:
Norman Henry White, Kenneth Kai Wong, William Martin Greene, III, Dante Patrick Bonaquist, Arun Acharya, Bayram Arman