Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes a positive electrode having a positive active material to reversibly intercalate and deintercalate lithium ions, a negative electrode having a negative active material, and an electrolyte, wherein an arithmetic mean Ra of a surface roughness of the positive electrode is 155 to 419 nm, and an arithmetic mean Ra of a surface roughness of the negative electrode is 183 to 1159 nm after the rechargeable lithium battery is charged and discharged.

Abstract: A data storage medium in which multiple bitstreams are recorded, an apparatus and method for recording the multiple bitstreams, and an apparatus and method for reproducing the multiple bitstreams are provided. The reproducing apparatus includes: a reading unit for reading main data including audio data and/or video data, and reading sub data recorded in a separate bitstream from the main data, which is later reproduced in synchronization with the main data; and a multiplexer for multiplexing the main data and sub data read by the reading unit. Therefore, multiple bitstreams can be read and reproduced at the same time.

Abstract: A recording medium having a spare area for defect management, and a method and apparatus for allocating and assigning the spare area. A plurality of zones are formed as one group without prescribing the relationship between a zone and a group. Spare areas include a spare area for slipping replacement and a spare area for linear replacement. The spare are for slipping replacement is first allocated, and the spare area for linear replacement is allocated according to the size of an area remaining after the spare area for slipping replacement is used and the purpose for which a disc is used. When the spare area for linear replacement becomes deficient during use of the disc, a supplementary spare area for linear replacement is allocated in sequence from the rearmost of a logical file area, such that the spare area can be more flexibly and effectively allocated.

Abstract: An information storage medium and an apparatus for recording and/or reproducing the information storage medium are provided to control an optimal recording power without an influence of an optimal power control (OPC) area in a layer upon an OPC area in a different layer. The information storage medium includes at least one information storage layer including an optimal power control area for obtaining an optical recording condition. OPC areas in adjacent information storage layers are disposed within different radiuses of the information storage medium. Accordingly, even when the information storage medium is made eccentric or has a manufacturing error, a recording property of the information storage medium is prevented from being degraded due to an influence of an OPC area in an information storage layer upon an OPC area in an adjacent information storage layer.

Abstract: An information storage medium having a plurality of information storage layers, each of which includes an optimal power control (OPC) area for obtaining an optimal recording condition, wherein OPC areas in odd-numbered and even-numbered information storage layers are disposed not to face each other and not to contact each other, or partially overlap each other and lock out use of the overlapped portion. Therefore, when an OPC area of one information storage layer performs OPC, this OPC does not affect another information storage layer.

Abstract: An information storage medium having a plurality of information storage layers, each of which includes an optimal power control (OPC) area for obtaining an optimal recording condition. Optimal power control areas in odd-numbered and even-numbered information storage layers viewed from a direction in which light is incident upon the information storage medium are disposed one on another to not directly face each other. An actually usable area of an optimal power control area in each of the information storage layers varies depending on use circumstances of each of the information storage layers. Therefore, when an OPC area of one information storage layer performs OPC, this OPC does not affect another information storage layer. Also, an area of each of the information storage layers can be efficiently used.

Abstract: A recordable information storage medium having a plurality of information recording layers, where each of the information recording layers of the recordable information storage medium has a plurality of information recording layers each including a lead-in area, a user data area, a lead-out area, and a dedicated area for a drive. The amount of user data to be recorded is divided to allot the data area having the same capacity on each of the information recording layers.

Abstract: A data storage medium in which multiple bitstreams are recorded, an apparatus and method for recording the multiple bitstreams, and an apparatus and method for reproducing the multiple bitstreams are provided. The reproducing apparatus includes: a reading unit for reading main data including audio data and/or video data, and reading sub data recorded in a separate bitstream from the main data, which is later reproduced in synchronization with the main data; and a multiplexer for multiplexing the main data and sub data read by the reading unit. Therefore, multiple bitstreams can be read and reproduced at the same time.

Abstract: A recordable information storage medium having a plurality of information recording layers, where each of the information recording layers of the recordable information storage medium has a plurality of information recording layers each including a lead-in area, a user data area, a lead-out area, and a dedicated area for a drive. The amount of user data to be recorded is divided to allot the data area having the same capacity on each of the information recording layers.

Abstract: An information storage medium having a plurality of information storage layers, each of which includes an optimal power control (OPC) area for obtaining an optimal recording condition, wherein OPC areas in odd-numbered and even-numbered information storage layers are disposed not to face each other and not to contact each other, or partially overlap each other and lock out use of the overlapped portion. Therefore, when an OPC area of one information storage layer performs OPC, this OPC does not affect another information storage layer.

Abstract: A recordable information storage medium having a plurality of information recording layers, where each of the information recording layers of the recordable information storage medium has a plurality of information recording layers each including a lead-in area, a user data area, a lead-out area, and a dedicated area for a drive. The amount of user data to be recorded is divided to allot the data area having the same capacity on each of the information recording layers.

Abstract: A cartridge for an information recording medium includes a cartridge case, an opening cover, detachably mounted to a rear side opening of the cartridge case, for enabling the information recording medium to be withdrawn or inserted with respect to the cartridge case, and a holding unit for preventing movement of the information recording medium by supporting the information recording medium when the information recording medium is received and/or withdrawn into/from the cartridge case. The holding unit includes a pair of elastic pressure parts, elastically formed on the opening cover, for elastically supporting the information recording medium to prevent movement of the information recording medium when the opening cover is not attached to the cartridge case, and a release unit for releasing the pair of elastic pressure parts when the opening cover is attached to the cartridge case so that the information recording medium is rotatable in the cartridge case.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery in which a safety vent as a safety device for a swelling phenomenon functions under a low pressure. A notch is formed in an inner surface of a large-area wall of the secondary battery, and an auxiliary notch is formed in an outer surface to correspond to the notch formed in the inner surface.

Abstract: A recording and/or reproducing apparatus for use with an information storage medium including ENAV buffer configuration information includes: an ENAV buffer in which an ENAV file is loaded; and an ENAV engine which interprets and reproduces the ENAV file, wherein the ENAV engine allocates at least a portion of the ENAV buffer as an updateable markup area on the basis of ENAV buffer configuration information, reads the ENAV file, and loads the ENAV file in the ENAV buffer.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer readable medium for managing recording medium defects and a defect managed recording medium. The recording medium includes a spare area in which a replacement area, which is a substitute for a defective area of the recording medium, is formed, and a temporary defect management area in which temporary management information that specifies the defective area and the corresponding replacement area is recorded, wherein position information and state information regarding the defective area are recorded in the replacement area. Accordingly, it is possible to restore defect information even if recording medium defect management on the recording medium ended abnormally.

Abstract: A write once disc includes a defect management area that is present in at least one of a lead-in area and a lead-out area; a temporary defect management area that is present in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area; and a drive & disc information area that is present in at least one of the lead-in area and the lead-out area. Information regarding the locations of temporary defect information and temporary defect management information is recorded in the drive & disc information area, the temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, which includes drive & disc information, are recorded in the temporary defect management area, and temporary defect information and temporary defect management information, which are lastly recorded in the temporary defect management area, are recorded in the defect management area for disc finalization.

Abstract: A photosensitive drum unit includes a photosensitive drum, a shutter having a rotation axis shaft which opens and closes to selectively enable access to the photosensitive drum, and a coupler, wherein a linear motion thereof causes a rotational motion of the shutter about the rotation axis shaft. The coupler is coupled to a rotation axis shaft of the shutter and is capable of changing a straight line motion to a rotational motion in a narrow space. In an image forming apparatus equipped with the photosensitive drum unit of the invention, a pressing unit mounted at a support frame of the photosensitive drum unit is pressably engageable with the coupler.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to modulate address data of a disc type recording medium, include generating the address data, performing error correction coding of the address data and outputting coded address data, receiving the coded address data in a unit of at least two bits, generating a first modulated signal of the coded address data using a first modulation technique, generating a second modulated signal of the coded address data using a second modulating signal, and generating a unit wobble signal by synthesizing the first and second modulated signals.

Abstract: A method of varying a transmittance of a transparent conductive film includes forming the transparent conductive film on a substrate and injecting a high energy source into the transparent conductive film to vary the transmittance of the transparent conductive film.

Abstract: A hub-mounted optical disk to eliminate the need for a separate stack ring while decreasing the overall height, a method of fabricating the optical disk, and an injection molding die for manufacturing an optical disk substrate. The hub-mounted optical disk includes a substrate having a hollow and an indented portion engraved to a predetermined depth on the inside of a non-recording surface where no information is recorded; and a hub including a plate that has a fitting hole therein and is engaged into the hollow and the indented portion and a central ring that is inserted into the fitting hole. The method of fabricating the hub-mounted optical disk includes mounting the hub onto a magnetic chuck, applying an ultra-violet (UV) hardening resin on the indented portion of the substrate, operating the magnetic chuck so that the plate is in contact with the indented portion, and curing the UV hardening resin by irradiating it with UV light.