Abstract: Printed circuit boards bearing chip type electric parts on its underside surface and travelling along a predetermined path are soldered using first and second molten solder, successively. The first molten solder is forced to overflow from a nozzle member to form a wave of overflowing solder extending in the direction of the path of travel of the printed circuit board so that the lower side of the printed circuit board is brought into co-current contact with the upper surface of the solder wave for effecting both preheating and first soldering treatment by the first molten solder. A solder applicator is provided adjacent to and downstream of the nozzle member to effect a second soldering treatment by the second molten solder.

Abstract: A removal-resistant plug or closure for a container has a slide radially extensible beyond the circumference of the plug and container to provide a gripping surface for removal of the plug. With the slide retracted, the exterior surfaces of the plug is smooth and devoid of any gripping surface. A seal attached after the container is filled and the plug inserted is provided by a cavity which extends across a lateral edge of the slide and the adjacent portion of the slide guide in the plug. A marker plate is attached to cover the cavity such that when the slide is moved, the portions of the cavity are misaligned to break the marker plate from the plug to provide a visible indication that the seal has been broken.

Abstract: Coke deposited within the gas passages of a dual tower type, fluidized bed apparatus for thermally cracking hydrocarbon oils is removed by combustion through contact with a stream of an oxygen-containing, high temperature combustion gas without a need to disjoint the apparatus. The apparatus is comprised of heating and cracking towers each adapted for containing a mass of fluidized solid particles continuously recirculating between the two towers. In one embodiment, all of the solid particles are discharged from the apparatus and a stream of the oxygen-containing combustion gas, produced in a combustion furnace connected to the heating tower, is allowed to pass through the gas passages.

Abstract: A process for blow molding completely finished hollow plastic containers of biaxially oriented material and having a finished neck. A dual-diameter blow pin is positioned between separable mold sections and is movable along its longitudinal axis. A crammer sleeve is reciprocably disposed about the blow pin, and gripping jaws are positioned to close around the blow pin. One end of a heated tubular parison is positioned over a larger-diameter portion of the blow pin, and the parison is longitudinally stretched, axially orienting the material and causing the parison to neck down onto a smaller-diameter portion of the blow pin. The mold sections are closed over the stretched parison, the blow pin is longitudinally inserted to size the inside diameter of the neck opening, the crammer sleeve is inserted to cram axially-oriented material into the neck finishing cavity of the mold and to finish form the neck opening, and the tail surplus material is severed.

Abstract: A novel polyether having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 each stand for hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms with the exception that R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 cannot stand for hydrogen at the same time, and m and n each represent an integer of 1 to 9. The polyether can capture cations when contacted with a cation-containing aqueous alkaline liquid and can release the cations to an aqueous acidic liquid, and thus serves as a cation carrier.

Abstract: A gas stream containing methanol is contacted with a catalyst including nickel and potassium supported on an alumina carrier, whereby the methanol is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A packing material unit for use in liquid-gas contact apparatuses, which comprises outer and inner rings, and a plurality of pairs of arched filaments positioned side by side such that their curved outer surfaces are oriented alternately to opposite sides of the plane involving the outer and inner rings to form a plurality of circular or elliptic loops arranged about an imaginary circle which is concentric with the outer and inner rings. A connecting member is bridged between intermediate portions of each pair of the filament. A plural number of reinforcing members extend between apex portions of oppositely arched filaments of adjacent filament pairs. The connecting members and reinforcing members serve both to prevent the interlocking of adjacent packing material units and to improve mechanical strength of the unit.

Abstract: Carbon molecular sieves having excellent oxygen adsorption properties may be obtained from a vinylidene chloride copolymer. The copolymer is carbonized for the removal of its chlorine components and the resulting char is pulverized. Specific amounts of a carbonaceous sintering agent such as coal tar pitch and an organic binder such as microcrystalline cellulose are then added to the pulverized product and the mixture is shaped into pellets. By thermally treating the pellets under specific conditions in a specific manner, carbon molecular sieves having pore diameters suitable for the adsorption of oxygen may be obtained. The molecular sieves are suitable for concentrating nitrogen in air.

Abstract: A catalyst membrane including a porous polytetrafluoroethylene membrane having grafted thereon polystyrenesulfonic acid. The catalyst membrane is useful for hydrolyzing water soluble organic substances such as polysaccharides.

Abstract: A lower alcohol, especially methanol, or dimethyl ether is subjected to pyrolysis conditions in the presence of a specific catalyst to obtain lower olefins. The catalyst is comprised of a smectite, such as a montmorillonite clay, having superimposed aluminosilicate layers and zirconium oxide intercalated between the structural, aluminosilicate layers.

Abstract: Heavy hydrocarbon oils such as vacuum residues are converted into light hydrocarbon oils by reaction with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is obtained as a by-product in the system and includes a coke produced by the hydrotreatment and metal components, such as vanadium and nickel, derived from the heavy hydrocarbon oils and deposited on the coke during the hydrotreatment. A portion of the reaction residue is subjected to a treatment to recover the metal components, a part of which are used in the catalyst.

Abstract: A process for preparing a disoxidant, comprising: providing fine powder of a porous filler f-1, such as zeolite, having a particle size not greater than 100 mesh and coarse powder of a porous filler f-2, such as zeolite, having a particle size greater than 100 mesh; adding water to the coarse powder f-2 such that the total water content for the sum of the fine and coarse powder f-1 and f-2 is 20-90% of the amount of saturated water absorption thereof; mixing 20-60% by volume of the fine powder f-1 with 80-40% by volume of the coarse powder f-2; and admixing the resulting mixture F with fine metallic powder M, such as iron, having disoxidation activity and a particle size not greater than 100 mesh, with a volume ratio M/F of the component M to F being in the range of 1/2 to 1/10. Disclosed also is a disoxidant obtained by the above process.

Abstract: A magnet assembly used as a magnetism generating source for attaching an article to a magnetic substance or for magnetically retaining a magnetic member. The magnet assembly consists of a cylindrical casing open at least at one end, a core disposed within the casing at a spacing from an inner wall thereof, with one end of the core aligned with the open end face of the casing, and a permanent magnet disposed between the core and the inner peripheral surface of the casing. The permanent magnet has one magnetic pole on an outer surface thereof opposing the inner peripheral surface of the casing, and the other magnetic pole opposite the magnetic pole on an inner surface thereof opposing the outer peripheral surface of the core, so that the open end face of the casing and the end face of the core serve as a magnetic attraction surface.

Abstract: A flux control device for maintaining the specific gravity and the surface level of a liquid flux contained in a fluxing vessel within predetermined ranges, includes a first reservoir for storing a concentrated flux, a second reservoir for storing a diluent, detectors for checking the liquid level and the specific gravity of the liquid flux in the fluxing vessel for any deviation from predetermined ranges, and first and second conduits extending between the vessel and the first reservoir and between the vessel and the second reservoir, respectively. Means are provided to apply a gas pressure selectively to the first and second reservoirs so that the concentrated flux and the diluent may be fed to the fluxing vessel through the first and second conduits, respectively, upon pressurization of the first and second reservoirs.

Abstract: A water-closet with a heat-controlled sanitary bathing device including a heater for heating feed water to a predetermined temperature, a closet seat having a nozzle means for spurting heated water from the heater, a pump for pumping water to the heater and nozzle means, a water flow control valve means for controlling the flow rate of water to the heater, wherein a reflux passage is provided between the water flow control valve and the suction side of the pump to eliminate the variations in water pressure on the delivery side of the pump, which may lead to a trouble of the pump drive motor. The heater has a double vessel construction defining primary and secondary heating chambers each with electric heat control means to provide accurate control of the bathing water.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus for blow molding completely finished hollow plastic containers of biaxially oriented material and having a finished neck. A dual-diameter blow pin is positioned between separable mold sections and is movable along its longitudinal axis. A crammer sleeve is reciprocably disposed about the blow pin, and gripping jaws are positioned to close around the blow pin. One end of a heated tubular parison is positioned over a larger-diameter portion of the blow pin, and the parison is longitudinally stretched, axially orienting the material and causing the parison to neck down onto a smaller-diameter portion of the blow pin. The mold sections are closed over the stretched parison, the blow pin is longitudinally inserted to size the inside diameter of the neck opening, the crammer sleeve is inserted to cram axially-oriented material into the neck finishing cavity of the mold and to finish form the neck opening, and the tail surplus material is severed.

Abstract: A nodule collector for deep sea mining includes an outer sledge and an inner sledge disposed in and connected to the outer sledge for trailing movement therewith. The inner sledge is provided with a transversely extending cutting blade, a plurality of jet nozzles arranged along the cutting blade, and a longitudinally oriented duct. When the collector travels across the seafloor, the cutting blade cuts into the seafloor and raises it thereover. The water jets from the nozzles impinge upon the summit of the raised seafloor material so that nodules and sediments at the summit are carried away by the water jets and introduced through the duct into a collecting chamber provided in the outer sledge. The collecting chamber has a special design to prevent entrance of undesirably large sized nodules thereinto and residence of undesirably small sized nodules and sediments therein. The nodules collected in the collecting chamber are successively transported up to the mining ship for recovery.

Abstract: A pressure checker for a pneumatic tire having a tire valve, including a cap member defining an open ended chamber therein and adapted for sealing threaded engagement with the tire valve, a pressing member provided in the chamber and adapted to press the tire valve open when the cap member is threaded on the tire valve, and inflatable membrane provided in the chamber and inflatable by an air pressure released from the tire when the tire valve is opened by the pressing member so that from the degree of deformation or inflation of the membrane an observer can check the air pressure of the tire.

Abstract: A packaging unit has a container closed by a safety plug which has a maximum diameter equal to the outer diameter of the container opening and a smooth exterior to avoid any gripping surface. A cylindrical lip adjacent to the peripheral edge of the plug cooperates with the inner surface of the container opening to seal the opening. A slide is movable along a radial direction of the plug to extend beyond the edge of the container opening to provide a gripping surface for removing the plug. Safety detents may be provided which must be manipulated to permit movement of the slide.

Abstract: An apparatus for the anodic oxidation of aluminum permits the recovery of hydrogen generated from the cathode. The cathode is positioned within a tubular member provided with a multiplicity of small openings each having a size sufficient to allow passage of an electrolytic solution therethrough but to prevent passage of hydrogen bubbles therethrough. Thereby, the hydrogen is collected in the upper space above the surface of the electrolytic solution in the tubular member and is discharged therefrom through a conduit opening thereinto.