Abstract: A photodetecting circuit for detecting radiation emitted from a light emitting element in the presence of ambient radiation is disclosed. The circuit includes a first and a second synchronizing on/off input signal having a predetermined period, each signal being complementary to the other. When the first synchronizing signal is "on", the second synchronizing signal is "off" and the circuit can detect the amount of ambient radiation. When the first synchronizing signal is "off", the second synchronizing signal is turned "on" and the light emitting element is energized and the circuit detects the amount of radiation emitted therefrom. The circuit prevents erroneous readings of radiation emitted from the light emitting element when the amount of detected ambient radiation is high.

Abstract: A photoconductive film includes at least one kind of bis-azo pigments and exhibits a high sensitivity. The film may be used as an electrophotographic light-sensitive element.

Abstract: A slip ring wherein electric disconnection which may possibly arise from freezing of drops of condensed water is prevented with a simplified construction. The slip ring is of the type wherein electric connection between a fixed member and a movable member mounted for rotation relative to the fixed member is established by means of an annular conductive plate and a contact element mounted in mutual contact on one and the other of the fixed and movable members. The slip ring comprises an insulating cover mounted for rotation on the conductive plate and covering an annular face of the conductive plate. The cover has an opening formed therein through which the contact element is resiliently contacted with the conductive plate.

Abstract: A magnetic head adjusting device for a double cassette tape player wherein a single magnetic head is used commonly and alternately for a pair of cassette loading stations and azimuth adjustment of the common magnetic head can be effected individually at the two cassette loading stations. The device comprises a head base mounted for movement between a pair of cassette loading stations on a chassis, a resilient support member secured to the head base, a single magnetic head carried on the resilient support member, and an adjusting member located at each of the cassette loading stations for adjustably changing, against the resilient force of the resilient member, the inclination of the magnetic head moved to the cassette loading station together with the head base.

Abstract: A disk driving device includes a rotatably driven information recording disk having multiple recording surfaces. At least two recording surfaces among them are provided with mutually related regions originally assigned with identical signals and mutually related regions originally assigned with different signals. These signals are detected by a head assembly and subsequently compared to each other to specify a region in which the head assembly is located.

Abstract: A torque takeout mechanism for a rotary electronic part, such as a potentiometer, comprises a first rotor capable of rotating with the rotating shaft of the electronic part, a second rotor engaging with the first rotor, a flat plate disposed between the first and second rotors, a spring member resiliently sandwiched between the first rotor and the flat plate, and an O-ring made from rubber and resiliently sandwiched between the second rotor and the flat plate. The flat plate is held to the body of the electronic part so as not to be rotatable with the rotating shaft, but the plate is movable lonitudinally of the rotating shaft.

Abstract: An image scanner capable of precisely inputting information is disclosed. A light transmission path is formed through a wall portion of a scanner body to enable the operator to visually confirm a reading position on the document from the outside of the scanner body through an opening for reading the document. A read starting position on the document can be confirmed by turning on the light source only without inputting the information to a data processing means according to a signal from a scanner body moving amount detecting means.

Abstract: Disclosed is here a coordinate input apparatus in which light sources and light receiving elements opposing thereto with an input operation space therebetween are arranged in an X-axis direction and in an Y-axis direction. The light sources and said light receiving elements form a plurality of pairs and the light sources are sequentially driven to accomplish a scan operation. Coordinates corresponding to the light receiving element of which a light path is interrupted by a coordinate input scan in the input operation space are outputtted as detection signals and as coordinate input data of a position where the light path is interrupted.

Abstract: A connecting structure for connecting a liquid crystal display and a flexible flat cable by soldering electrode terminals formed over the lower glass substrate of the liquid crystal display and connecting electrodes formed over the surface of the free end of the flexible flat cable, and by solidifying the junction of the liquid crystal display and the flexible flat cable with a resin. Through holes are formed in the free end of the flexible flat cable between the connecting electrodes at an appropriate pitch so that the through holes extend lengthwise across the end of the lower glass substrate when the flexible flat cable is put in place on the lower glass substrate.

Abstract: A push-button switch having an individual and interlocking action is provided which includes two operating members. The push-button switch comprises first and second sliders, each having a heart-shaped cam groove formed thereon. Actuator pins are provided for engagement with the cam grooves to provide the desired individual and interlocking action. The interlocking action is effectuated when the first slider is depressed while the second slider is locked at its depressed position. The invention allows the second slider to return to its unlocked nondepressed position while the first slider then becomes locked in its depressed position. The push-button switch has high versatility since the distance between the sliders can be easily changed. Further, common parts can be used individually for the sliders thus improving manufacturing efficiency.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a pair of first and second opposed substrates, a ferroelectric liquid crystal filled in a space defined between both the substrates, and a thin film transistor formed on at least one of the substrates. The thin film transistor is used as a spacer between the substrates, and the spacer is bonded to the first substrate opposed to the second substrate on which the spacer is formed. In another aspect, a dummy corresponding to the thin film transistor is further provided on the substrate on which the thin film transistor is formed, wherein the dummy is used as a spacer.

Abstract: A device for holding a recording medium includes a casing having a front end, a rear end and a pair of sidewalls each provided with a hole at its bottom adjacent to the front end of the casing. A cover is rotatably provided at the front end of the casing and includes a pair of sidewalls located in parallel to the sidewalls of the casing. Each sidewall of the cover has a laterally projecting pin fitted in the hole of one of the casing sidewalls and an elongated hole lying in a line passing through the axis of the pin at right angles thereto. A pair of transversely spaced apart parallel sliding levers are provided within the casing immediately inwardly of its sidewalls, respectively. Each sidewall of the cover is situated between one of the levers and one of the casing sidewalls. Each lever has an upwardly bent and forwardly inclined front end provided with a laterally projecting pin fitted in the elongated hole of one of the sidewalls of the cover.

Abstract: An information recording disk includes detection regions used to confirm presence or absence of written signals, read/write regions available for signal writing and write-project regions which reject signal writing. Regions where the detection regions and read/write regions overlap each other are originally provided with discriminating signals to distinguish these regions from at least the other regions. The write protect regions are distinguished from the read/write regions, referring to information detected by a head assembly.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound comprising the following general formula (1): ##STR1## where i, j and k individually represent an integer within a range: 1.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.8, 0.ltoreq.j.ltoreq.7, 4.ltoreq.k.ltoreq.14, Ar.sub.1 represents ##STR2## *represents an asymmetric carbon and the compound is required to be optically active. The compound can provide various merits as the chiral substance such as satisfactory optical rotation, capability of inducing twisted arrangement when added to the TN system or phase transition system liquid crystal mixture, and of enlarging the liquid crystal temperature range when added to SmC* liquid crystal mixture.

Abstract: An FM stereo receiver includes a level detecting circuit for detecting the received electric field intensity and a pseudo stereo circuit for changing the phase of an entered signal and outputting two signals different in phase. When the level detecting circuit detects a received electric field intensity below a threshold level, monaural signals produced from outputs of a stereo demodulator are applied to the pseudo stereo circuit to produce pseudo stereo signals.

Abstract: A liquid fertilizer containing about 6% to 9% nitrogen (N), 24% to 30% phosphoruspentoxide (P.sub.2 O.sub.5), and 5% to 9% potassium oxide (K.sub.2 O). The fertilizer is produced by the reaction of ammonium phosphate solution with phosphoric acid and a potassium-containing compound, such as potassium hydroxide.

Abstract: A disk driving apparatus is disclosed which, in such apparatus constituted of a disk holding portion on which a hub disposed in the center of a disk is loaded and a motor for supplying the disk holding portion with rotational power, comprises within the disk holding portion two members, a guide cap and a housing, externally attached to the outer rings of bearings fitted to the shaft of the motor. The guide cap is provided thereon with a centering peripheral surface with which the center hole of the hub is engaged and the housing is provided with portions for positioning parts which are attached thereto in the direction of the shaft of the disk.

Abstract: A composite magnetic head is integrally formed with a recording/reproducing head section having a recording/reproducing gap and an erasing head section having two erasing gaps. The magnetic head has formed in its surface facing a magnetic recording medium two parallel diagonal grooves extending across the two head sections which are inclined with respect to the gaps and spaced apart so as to define the outer ends of the recording/reproducing gap and respective inner ends of each of the erasing gaps.

Abstract: A magnetic head assembly comprises a carriage on which a first magnetic head is mounted for performing read/write with respect to one face of a disk, a second magnetic head also mounted on the carriage opposite to the first magnetic head for performing read/write with respect to the other face of the disk, and a hold case coupled turnably via a leaf hinge spring to the carriage, wherein the first magnetic head is attached via a gimbal spring to the carriage, and the second magnetic head is secured to the hold case, and is characterized in that the carriage has a support portion abutting directly on the hold case inclusive of the leaf hinge spring to support the same, so that the hold case is supported turnably with the support portion serving as a supporting point, whereby the reference plane of the hold case is defined by the support portion, so that accuracy can be ensured for the reference plane of the second magnetic head with respect to the disk and an enhancement of the follow-up performance can contrib

Abstract: A keyboard switch comprising a plurality of switch bodies arranged on an attachment plate, a key top, sufficiently larger than the switch body, attached to at least one switch body, a cut-away portion or opening formed in the attachment plate between the key top and a base plate, and circuit parts located in a space which is formed by the cut-away portion or opening, the underside of the key top and the base plate, so that switches and circuit parts can be arranged to efficiently use the space on the base plate.