Abstract: The present invention provides variants of a parent cellulase, such as, e.g., a cellulase classified in family 45 such as a Humicola insolens 43 kD endoglucanase, comprising a cellulose binding domain (CBD), a catalytically active domain (CAD), and a region linking the CBD and CAD (the linking region), wherein one or more amino acid residues of the CBD, CAD, or linking region is deleted or substituted by one or more amino acid residues and/or one or more amino acids are added to the linking region and/or another CBD is added at the opposite end of the CAD. Such variants have improved properties as regards, e.g., alkaline activity, compatibility with detergent composition ingredients, particular soil removal, color clarification, defuzzing, depilling, harshness reduction, and sensitivity to anionic surfactants. Such variants are useful, e.g., in detergent compositions, for textile treatment, in paper pulp processing, for animal feed, and for stone-washing of jeans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to syringes for apportioning set doses from an ampoule has a dose setting and injection mechanism comprising a dose setting member which may be moved in one direction to set a dose and in the opposite direction to inject the set dose. A piston advancing mechanism comprises a piston rod and a piston rod drive, and the dose setting and injection mechanism is coupled to the piston advancing mechanism through a unidirectional coupling transmitting only movement of the dose setting member in the dose injecting direction to the piston rod drive. Operation of an air shot button enables influence on the piston advancing mechanism to advance the piston to expel an adjustable fixed volume. The air shot button is either coupled to the piston rod drive through a unidirectional coupling through which the piston rod is advanced when the air shot button is pressed, or it moves the end stop for an injection button so that this button may be pressed beyond its normal depressed end position.

Abstract: A method of improving properties of a dough and/or a baked product made from dough by adding an enzyme preparation to the dough and/or to any ingredient and/or to any mixture of the dough ingredients, in which the enzyme preparation comprises a lipase derived from Humicola, and a second enzyme which is an amylase or a xylanase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel N-substituted azaheterocyclic carboxylic acids and esters thereof in which a substituted alkyl chain forms part of the N-substituent or salts thereof, to methods for their preparation, to compositions containing them, and to their use for the clinical treatment of painful, hyperalgesic and/or inflammatory conditions in which C-fibers play a pathophysiological role by eliciting neurogenic pain or inflammation.

Abstract: This invention is a protease mutant wherein said mutant substitutes the naturally occurring tyrosine amino acids for other amino acids at positions 91, 167, 171, 192, 209, 214, and 263. The protease mutants are used in detergent compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for the production of short chain polypeptides, including polypeptides having up to 3 disulfide bonds and/or structures rich in basic amino acid residues, and open structured short chain polypeptides, e.g. glucagon, glucagon like peptides and their functional analogues, in genetically modified yeast cells, said genetically modified yeast cells, and a method for the preparation of said yeast cells.

Abstract: The present invention provides polypeptide conjugates with reduced allergenicity comprising a polymeric carrier molecule having two or more polypeptide molecules coupled thereto. The invention also provides methods for producing the conjugates, compositions comprising the conjugates, and the use of the conjugates in industrial applications, including personal care products and detergent compositions.

Abstract: A method for lowering the extractable protein content in a natural rubber latex to below 30 parts per million (ppm) comprises the steps of treating by washing a rubber article, such as a rubber glove, with an aqueous solution containing a soluble silicate and, optionally, a protease. The methods claimed effectively reduce the allergenicity of the articles so treated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for reducing the content of phosphorous containing components in an edible oil comprising a high amount of non-hydratable phosphorous content, wherein the method comprises use of a phospholipase. Further the present invention relates to an enzyme with phospholipase activity, a cloned DNA sequence encoding the enzyme with phospholipase activity, a method of producing the enzyme, and the use of enzyme for a number of industrial applications.

Abstract: Transglutaminase preparations are producible by a wide range of fungi, especially ascomycotina, basidiomycotina and zygomycota, and gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, especially Streptomyces lydicus, NRRL B-3446. A DNA construct encoding a novel transglutaminase and comprising the DNA sequence obtainable from the plasmid in E. coli, DSM 10175, is also described together with a method of producing the transglutaminases, a composition comprising the transglutaminase and a method for producing a gel or protein gelation composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel N-substituted azaheterocyclic compounds of the general formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y, Z, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and r are as defined in the detailed part of the present description, or salts thereof, to methods for their preparation, to compositions containing them, and to their use for the clinical treatment of painful, hyperalgesic and/or inflammatory conditions in which C-fibers play a pathophysiological role by eliciting neurogenic pain or inflammation as well as their use for treatment of indications caused by or related to the secretion and circulation of insulin antagonising peptides, e.g. non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and ageing-associated obesity.

Abstract: A prokaryotic cell expressing a gene of interest and comprising at least two copies of said gene on the chromosome.

Abstract: A method for cleaning and disinfecting a surface at least partly covered by a biofilm layer comprising the steps of contacting the biofilm with a cleaning composition comprising one or more hydrolases, e.g. a hydrolytic enzyme produced by a strain of the fungus Aspergillus aculeatus, in an amount effective for either fully or partly removing or releasing the biofilm layer from the surface; and contacting the biofilm with a bactericidal disinfecting composition comprising an oxidoreductase such as an oxidase, a peroxidase or a laccase, in an amount effective for killing the living bacterial cells present in the biofilm. In particular, a disinfecting composition comprising laccase at concentration between about 0.01 to about 1000 mg protein/ml composition and an oxidation enhancer such as methyl syringate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating wool, wool fibers or animal hair an alkali-containing alcohol solution, followed by a proteolytic enzyme in aqueous solution. The described method results in improved shrink-resistance, and may result in improvements in handle, appearance, wettability, reduction of felting tendency, increased whiteness, reduction of pilling, improved softness, improved tensile strength, and improved dyeing characteristics such as dye uptake and dye washfastness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variants of a parent .alpha.-amylase, which parent .alpha.-amylase (i) has an amino acid sequence selected from the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID No. 1, SEQ ID No. 2, SEQ ID No. 3, and SEQ ID No. 7, respectively; or (ii) displays at least 80% homology with one or more of these amino acid sequences; and/or displays immunological cross-reactivity with an antibody raised against an .alpha.-amylase having one of these amino acid sequences; and/or is encoded by a DNA sequence which hybridizes with the same probe as a DNA sequence encoding an .alpha.-amylase having one of these amino acid sequences; in which variant:(a) at least one amino acid residue of the parent .alpha.-amylase has been deleted; and/or(b) at least one amino acid residue of the parent .alpha.-amylase has been replaced by a different amino acid residue; and/or(c) at least one amino acid residue has been inserted relative to the parent .alpha.-amylase; the variant having .alpha.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R1 is C.sub.1-8 -alkyl, C.sub.2-8 -alkenyl, C.sub.3-8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.5-8 -cycloalkenyl, Q or aryl;R2 is C.sub.1-8 -alkyl, C.sub.2-8 -alkenyl, C.sub.3-8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.5-8 -cycloalkenyl, aralkyl or COR3;R3 is C.sub.1-8 -alkyl, C.sub.2-8 -alkenyl, C.sub.3-8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.5-8 -cycloalkenyl, w or aryl;R5, R6 and R7 are independently selected from amino-C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, hydroxy-C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, hydrogen, C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aryloxy, aryloxy-C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, benzyl, halogen, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, nitro, carboxy, carbamoyl, CONHC.sub.1-4 -alkyl, CON(C.sub.1-4 alkyl).sub.2, C.sub.1-4 -acyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1-4 -alkylthio, --SOC.sub.1-6 -alkyl, --SO.sub.2 C.sub.1-6 -alkyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.1-4 -alkanoyloxy, amino, optionally substituted mono- or di-C.sub.1-6 -alkylamino, acylamino, --NC.sub.1-4 -alkylCOC.sub.1-4 -alkyl, --SO3H, --SO2NH--C.sub.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a starch conversion process of the type which includes a debranching step wherein an isoamylase being active at the process conditions prevailing is used for debranching the starch and to the use of thermostable isoamylases for starch conversion. The invention further relates to an isolated isoamylase obtained from a strain of the genus Rhodothermus and to cloned DNA sequences encoding isoamylases derived from a strain of Rhodothermus or Sulfolobus, to expression vectors comprising said DNA sequence, host cells comprising such expression vectors, and finally to methods for producing said isoamylases.

Abstract: A method for purification, and isolation in crystalline form, of a cellulase from a broth comprises: treating the broth with a crystallization-effective amount of a water-miscible organic solvent (e.g. a lower aliphatic alcohol or ketone); and isolating the cellulase in question in crystalline form.

Abstract: The present invention deals with a process for oxidation of a hydroxy group of C.sub.1 and/or C.sub.2 and/or C.sub.3 and/or C.sub.4 and/or C.sub.5 and/or C.sub.6 of a sugar monomer of an oligo- or a polysaccharide comprising contacting, in an aqueous medium, the oligo- or the polysaccharide with a phenol oxidizing enzyme and an enhancing agent, whereby an oligo- or a polysaccharide with altered characteristics compared to the native oligo- or polysaccharide is created.

Abstract: The present invention relates to protease variants, stabilized towards the inactivation caused by peroxidase systems, in which protease variants a naturally occurring tyrosine residue has been deleted or substituted with a different amino acid residue at one or more positions. The invention also relates to a method of stabilizing a protease towards the inactivation caused by peroxidase systems, and detergent compositions comprising a protease variant of the invention.