Abstract: A hair roller or curler, especially for permanent waving, e.g. cold waving, which has between larger diameter end members, a tubular grid upon which the hair is wound and through which a treating liquid can be forced downwardly.

Abstract: A battery system includes intelligence to allow the battery system to control various aspects of the charging and discharging of the battery, as well as to constantly monitor the battery voltage, temperature, current charge/discharge rate, and remaining capacity of the battery. The intelligent battery system is capable of being charged from a simple voltage supply, with all aspects of charge/discharge rate control and monitoring being accomplished as a function of the intelligent battery system itself, rather than as part of an external charging circuit, or an external electronic device to be powered by the intelligent battery system. This alleviates the need for external systems to include such circuitry and control elements and allows, if desired, a variety of intelligent battery systems to be developed for use with a given electronic system or family of electronic systems, with each battery being able to control its own charge/discharge rates and monitoring functions.

Abstract: A novel direct conversion receiver utilizing a sample and hold circuit for subsampling the input signal. The output of the sample and hold circuit is applied to a sigma-delta loop to provide a high speed low resolution data stream which in turn is applied to a decimator which provides a high precision, low data rate signal having quadrature outputs.

Abstract: A fault tolerant clock system is provided by utilizing redundant clocks which are maintained in synchronization, with voting circuit serving to select one of a plurality of matching clock signals for use. A resistor is coupled in series between the crystal and the oscillation circuit in order to establish a desired duty cycle of the clock signal. A series connected diode capacitor network is connected between a node of the oscillator circuit and a power supply in order to ensure initiation of oscillation.

Abstract: A hair winder having a winding member on which the hair can be wound, a strip of foil being so attached to the winding member that the strip can be wound onto the winding member together with the hair.

Abstract: A hair roller for rolling hair, with a roller core provided with openings or macropores and a selfgripping fabric tape fixed thereto having openings formed by webs on the reverse side of the adhesive fabric tape to permit moisture to escape when wet hair is being dried. The roller core has on its outer wall at least one stud which may be pushed through the open webs of the reverse side of the selfgripping fabric tape.

Abstract: A novel pin electronics design and method is taught which serves to minimize the capacitive loading of the driver and load portion of the pin electronics. The driver and load circuitry are combined to form a novel driver/load circuit, thereby reducing capacitive loading, simplifying circuit structure, and improving the speed of operation of the test system and the accuracy of the test.

Abstract: A differential to single ended sense amplifier utilizes a minimum number of stages to convert a differential input signal received from complementary bit lines to a single ended output signal indicative of the state of the data stored in a selected memory cell connected to the complementary bit lines. The circuit is constructed to operate with low voltage swings, thereby increasing the switching speed and thus the sense speed. The sense amplifier includes power down capabilities and the ability to tristate its output terminal while in a standby mode of operation during which it is capable of reading the logic level of an input signal. In one embodiment, the output signal is latched using a simple register when the output stage goes tristated, to continue to provide a valid output signal while a subsequent sense operation is performed.

Abstract: A method and structure for controlling ground bounce and power supply noise during switching is provided in which a plurality of pull-up and/or pull-down transistors are provided whose turn on during switching is controlled in order to provide the desired slew rate in order to control the deleterious effects of ground bounce and power supply noise. In one embodiment, a plurality of pass transistors are used in order to delay a logical signal in order to control the slew rate. In one embodiment, these pass transistors are sensitive to ground bounce, providing a positive feedback mechanism to further enhance the control of ground bounce. In one embodiment, an RC network is conveniently formed in order to control slew rate, and in one embodiment the RC network is sensitive to ground bounce, providing positive feedback in order to further control the slew rate as a result of detected ground bounce.

Abstract: In accordance with the teachings of this invention, matched performance of alternate sourced ASICs is achieved while still allowing for the smallest die size possible from each alternate source fabrication facility. In one aspect of this invention, the width of electrical interconnects are adjusted to compensate for differences in capacitances of a given interconnect path in devices fabricated by different fabrication facilities. In another aspect, transistor channel widths are adjusted to compensate for differences in capacitances of a given interconnect path in devices fabricated by different fabrication facilities. In yet another aspect of this invention, capacitance is added to the gates of transistors to decrease their speed, when manufactured by an inherently faster process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monitoring and/or directing system for parking areas which exhibit parking spaces. In order that the risk of theft is reduced and/if appropriate, incoming vehicles can be guided specifically to empty parking spaces, the monitoring and/or directing system is designed with at least one entrance and departure station provided for issue and retrieval of parking tickets fitted with an electronic identification element, with communicators which detect the parking tickets, there being arranged, at each parking space, at least one communicator which has a detection region directed towards the associated parking space, and with data lines via which the communicators and the entrance and departure stations are connected to a central computer.

Abstract: In accordance with the teachings of this invention, matched performance of alternate sourced ASICs is achieved while still allowing for the smallest die size possible from each alternate source fabrication facility. In one aspect of this invention, the width of electrical interconnects are adjusted to compensate for differences in capacitances of a given interconnect path in devices fabricated by different fabrication facilities. In another aspect, transistor channel widths are adjusted to compensate for differences in capacitances of a given interconnect path in devices fabricated by different fabrication facilities. In yet another aspect of this invention, capacitance is added to the gates of transistors to decrease their speed, when manufactured by an inherently faster process.

Abstract: The invention concerns a parking card to operate a barrier for pay parking. The card is in the form of a round, flat piece with a front and back, and a machine-readable data medium for storing and identifying information on the parking facility and the user.

Abstract: A method and structure for increasing the security of a cordless telephone system by automatically altering the security code information stored in the cordless telephone handset and base unit. Thus, without requiring effort on the part of the user, the security codes are updated to differ from the previous security code setting, while always maintaining corresponding security codes in the handset and base unit. In one embodiment, the updating of the security code is performed at any convenient time interval or in response to any convenient activity, such as the placement of the handset into the base unit for storage and recharging. In one embodiment when the security code is to be updated a new security code is generated in a predetermined manner, for example by random number generation, by the handset.

Abstract: The invention relates to a parking card which is intended for the charge-related actuation of a parking barrier and is in the form of a sheet-like plastic piece having a front side and rear side and having a machine-readable data carrier for storing car-park information and user information and, if appropriate, the entrance time and departure time. In order to provide a parking card which is easily constructed and can be handled with ease and permits the installation of an inexpensive parking service system, the invention provides that the plastic piece (1) is in the form of a round coin, on or in which there is mounted an identification and/or communication component (5) which operates in a contactless manner and comprises a chip and a data-transmission device which emits electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: This invention relates to a family of rugged, non-toxic, high damage threshold, fiberizable, infrared transmitting germanate glasses that are suitable for medical laser delivery. They possess excellent visible transmission to utilize an aim beam in conjunction with the infrared laser. The glasses comprise (in mol %) 23.0-76.0% GeO.sub.2, 0-39.0% Ga.sub.2 O.sub.3, 3.0-51.0% SrO, 8.0-17.0% Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-23.0% Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-35.0% ZnO, and optionally one or more of the following components; 0-11.0% TiO.sub.2, 0-20.0% Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5, 0-8.0% ZrO.sub.2, 0-13.0% Cs.sub.2 O, 0-10% MgO, 0-27% La.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-25.0% Gd.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0-23.0% Yb.sub.2 O.sub.3. These glasses have intrinsic absorption coefficients of less than 0.137, 0.048, 0.024 and 0.021 dB/m at 2.94, 2.796, 2.71 and 2.69 .mu.m, respectively.

Abstract: Binary and Quadrature Feher's (F)-Modulation/Amplification with significantly reduced envelope fluctuations and peak radiation, increased power efficiency and transmit power delivered by connected RF (radio frequency), Infrared (IR) and other devices. A subclass of these systems has a constant envelope. Extraordinary power advantages, robust BER performance and linearly or nonlinearly amplified narrow spectrum without the pitfalls of conventional BPSK and DBPSK is attained. The FBPSK improved efficiency transmitter is compatible with conventional BPSK receivers. FBPSK modems are based on using quadrature structure where Q channel data is inserted in quadrature with I channel data. The Q channel data is the same as the I channel but is offset by one half bit (Tb/2). Further improvement in the spectrum is attained using correlation between I and Q channels. FBPSK modem is shown to meet the IEEE 802.11 specified spectral mask (-30 dB point) for wireless LAN, and leads output power gain of 6.

Abstract: A collection and issuing apparatus for round parking cards which exhibit an identification and/or communication element and are intended for the charge-related actuation of a parking barrier. The apparatus includes a supply container which exhibits, on the base side, a separation device for the parking cards, having an adjoining vertical shaft with at least one central guiding shaft and side shafts which branch off from the guiding shaft. The shafts exhibit a respective inclination and are intended for issuing and collecting parking cards in a rolling manner under the force of gravity. The apparatus also includes a measuring point which is located in the central shaft, intended for reading the parking cards, which are to be issued and/or collected again, and which is connected to a control device for actuating the parking barrier.

Abstract: Tests are performed prior to or during the boot operation to determine whether files are corrupted. This may indicate the presence of a virus. If a potential error is detected, boot is halted, allowing the user to boot from uncorrupted files. In another embodiment, an uniquely formatted floppy diskette is used as an access diskette serves as a hardware key to gain access. In another embodiment, a host controls information stored locally. In another embodiment, security from unauthorized access is provided once a valid user has legitimately accessed a computer. In response to a predefined hot key or a predetermined period of time during which the user has not provided input, portions of the computer are disabled. Upon entry of access information by the valid user, the disabled features are enabled. In another embodiment, access to the computer is made more difficult in response to invalid access attempts.

Abstract: An ECC and/or ECC single burst trapping circuit is taught in which each such circuit has its state stored in the RAM and, in one embodiment, also allowing the use of a single general purpose multiplier rather than a large number of separate dedicated multipliers. Higher speed data rates available from current CMOS integrated circuit processes are utilized to share the higher speed operation of the single general purpose multiplier, while allowing the circuit to operate at sufficiently high speed to accommodate the speed of current and future disk drive technology. An M row.times.N column bit RAM is used to store the state of the circuit, decreasing the overall size of the integrated circuit. A single general purpose multiplier is used for the ECC generation detection circuit and a single set of a N bit wide exclusive OR gate arrays and multipliers is used for the ECC single burst trapper circuit.