Abstract: A semiconductor device having a source region, a drain region, a channel region between the source region and the drain region, a gate consisting of at least three input electrodes provided above the channel region, and a potential modulating film provided between the channel region and the gate. The potential modulating film can assume at least two potential modulating states, so that the potential of the channel region is modulated between and held at different values. The potential of the channel region is modulated by changing the state of the potential modulating film. Specifically, the potential of the channel region is modulated by not only applying voltages to the input electrodes but also controlling the state of the potential modulating film.

Abstract: An apparatus for rapidly and accurately correcting the bottom dead center position of the slide of a mechanical press during the operation of the press. The apparatus includes a hollow cylindrical member, disposed between a slide and a die-height adjusting screw mechanism, that can be expanded or contracted along its axis. Also provided are a bottom dead center position setter, a bottom dead center position detector for detecting a bottom dead center position of the slide, and a force applying unit which supplies a contraction force to the hollow cylindrical member. A correction control unit controls the force applying unit to expand or contract the hollow cylindrical member in order to correct the slide bottom dead center position, so that a detected bottom dead center position coincides with the set bottom dead center position.

Abstract: A golf club stand including a collapsible pair of legs having a lower ground engaging end and an upper end, and a golf club shaft engaging member connected to the upper end of the pair of legs. The shaft engaging member releasably engages the golf club shaft, such that the golf club is held in a generally upright position with the head of the golf club and the lower ends of the pair of legs engaging the ground. The legs are pivotally connected to each other at their upper end so as to permit them to be collapsed into a compact state for carrying. The legs may be collapsed further by forming each leg in a telescoping manner. The shaft engaging member includes a support portion having a generally U-shaped groove into which the lower end of the shaft of the club may be inserted. The shaft engaging member may also include a base or grip portion to which the legs are pivotally mounted or it may be formed integrally with the upper end of one of the legs.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device includes a sense amplifier for amplifying the data stored in a memory cell, activated in accordance with a binary output enable signal fed to the integrated circuit device, in order to reduce the power consumption thereof. When the output enable signal is at a first level, in which the output of the integrated circuit device becomes in a floating state after a memory cell is selected to be read out, the sense amplifier is disabled to reduce the power consumption. The sense amplifier is disabled in response to a signal from a control circuit, which produces a logical output signal based on output enable signal and a control signal used to activate the sense amplifier only for the read operation. While the sense amplifier is temporarily disabled, the output of the sense amplifier is latched by a latch circuit, which is also controlled by the output enable signal, to guarantee an output enable access time.

Abstract: A compact, high performance strip line filter which may be made thinner than a dielectric filter having comparable performance characteristics. The strip line filter includes a rectangular box-shaped, dielectric block having parallel grooves, formed in a front face with a predetermined spacing therebetween, the grooves extending from a top face to a bottom face of the block. A thin film outer conductive layer covers the side faces, the back face, and the bottom face. Resonator conductors, each formed of a thin film of conductive material, cover the respective surfaces of the grooves and are connected to the outer conductor. According to a further aspect, a substrate, with capacitor formed thereon, opposes a face of the dielectric block to provide capacitive coupling. The capacitors may be arranged to provide attenuation poles at finite frequencies. In accordance with another aspect, such strip line filters are used as the transmitting and receiving filters of a duplexer filter.

Abstract: An adaptive maximum likelihood sequence estimator includes a channel estimator and a Viterbi algorithm processor for estimating the maximum likelihood transmission symbol sequences. The algorithm processor includes a branch metric computer in which common components are found from regularity in computations of coded alphabets of the transmission symbols and are used for all branch metric computation to reduce the total amount of the operations. Such effective computations are implemented by either of hardware and software in accordance with the constitution of the system of the adaptive maximum likelihood sequence estimator.

Abstract: A pair of impurity regions are formed at a specified interval in a semiconductor substrate. A channel region is defined between the impurity regions. A select gate is provided on the channel region, and a sidewall for holding electric charge is provided along a side of the select gate. A tunnel insulating film is interposed between the sidewall for holding electric charge and the channel region. An insulating film covers the sidewall for holding electric charge. A control gate is provided on the insulating film lying over the sidewall. In such a structure, since the select gate can have a large cross-sectional area, speed-up of the reading can be attained.

Abstract: An optical transmission measurement apparatus has a pair of a transmitter/receiver units, beam splitters, and a reflection mirror block on both sides of an object of an atmosphere whose optical transmission factor is to be measured. Each of the transmitter/receiver units comprises a light source which can adjust the optical energy of its emitted light beam. A first beam splitter which the light beam enters after the emission, diverges the light beam into two components with different polarizations. After the divergence, during optical transmission measurement, one of the two diverged components enters the opposite photo-detector, while the other of the components returns to the photo-detector in the same unit as the light source which emitted the light beam, by being reflected thereto with the second beam splitter.

Abstract: An impact printer having a print head, the print head having a movable armature, a printing wire fixed to the armature, and sensor for detecting movement of the armature. The position of the armature is monitored based on an output of the sensor. A home sensor detects whether the print head is at a home position. A paper end sensor detect whether a printing medium is between the platen and the print head. A gap motor means adjusts a gap between the printing wire and the platen. A gap controller is responsive to detection signals output by said home sensor and said paper end sensor, for controlling the print head to swing the armature so as to cause the tip of said printing wire to strike the platen, determining a time of impact of the tip with the platen based on the monitored position of the armature, performing a comparison of the time of impact with a predetermined impact time, and outputting a drive signal to the gap motor for adjusting the gap according to a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A resistance film which generates heat when a power is supplied is wound around a roller so that a roller may be rotated. An impression roller, which comes in contact under pressure with the resistance film, is provided and rotated synchronized with the resistance film an opposite direction. A printing form is transferred between and by the resistance film and the depression roller. In this case, toner delivered onto the printing form is fixed by supplying the power to the resistance film. The resistance film can be of an endless type or a web type.

Abstract: In a block-spreading code-division multiple-access communication system a demodulator stores received chip data in a separate memory area for each transmitting station. Each area has a capacity of at least two blocks. When a complete block is received from a transmitting station, all blocks of data stored in the corresponding memory area are correlated against a set of product codewords, which are obtained by spreading a set of orthogonal codewords by the transmitting station's spreading code, to find the codeword that gives the maximum correlation value. For the oldest block, this correlation value and information identifying the codeword are output. For all blocks, the maximum correlation value and corresponding product codeword are used to calculate interference correction data, which are subtracted from the data in other memory areas.

Abstract: A method of forming wheels such as automobile wheels that consist of a disc part and a peripheral rim part. The wheel's disc part is formed by forging. Then the rim part is shaped by rolling. An initial material is formed beforehand so as to combine a central disc part and a peripheral annular part. One ram has a pressing surface for shaping an outer side of the disc part and a peripheral surface for shaping an outer rim. The other ram has a pressing surface for shaping an inner side of the disc part and a peripheral surface for shaping an inner rim. The rams rotate on their axes synchronously in the same direction and press the central disc part for shaping the disc part of the wheel. At the same time or afterward a shaping roller forms a rim part by pressing the peripheral part from the side.

Abstract: A magnetic data reader and method for reading magnetic data from a stripe of passenger tickets while avoiding erroneous encoding of clock data which causes a read error. A CPU controls the counter value adder to acquire a reference time by summing up values of an interval time calculated from two or more bits of clock data and averaging the added value. If the binary data change within the clock data window and the corresponding interval time exceeds the permissible range of the prescribed reference time, the CPU restarts a demodulation operation by resetting a demodulator circuit.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device in which source lines for connecting source regions of memory cells disposed in a direction of word lines are composed of conductive films formed on a semiconductor substrate. Gate assemblies including components such as the word lines are formed on the semiconductor substrate. Source regions are formed in self-alignment by using the gate assemblies as masks. Source contact holes are formed above the source regions, and the source lines are in contact with the source regions in the source contact holes. The source lines are composed of conductive films formed on the semiconductor substrate between the adjacent word lines on opposite sides of any of the source regions.

Abstract: A dual-function electrical hand drill includes an electrical motor to which a driving shaft is coupled via a speed reduction gear train. A chuck is releasably secured to the driving shaft to be rotatable therewith. A setting ring is provided to change the rotation speed and thus the output torque by applying force to the speed reduction gear train via the compression of a helical spring. A serrated member, secured to the driving shaft, is provided to be movable between a disabled position and an enabled position in which enabled position, the serrated member engages a counterpart serration and is biased by a spring to allow the chuck and the bit secured thereto to move to and fro by the sliding between the serrations when the bit is reacted by a work piece. The movement of the serrated member between the enabled position and the disabled position is controlled by the setting ring so that the selection of both the output torques and the operation modes can be accomplished by a single setting member.

Abstract: A power source circuit is provided having a high frequency transformer 16, a switching control circuit 15 connected with the primary winding of the transformer 16, rectifier circuits 17, 18 and 20 connected with the secondary winding of the transformer 16 for outputting a D.C. voltage to an external circuit, an alarm detection circuit 25, an excess current detection circuit 26, and an excess current detection delay circuit 28. When the alarm detection circuit 25 detects an excess current in supplying power source, the power source supply is suspended by turning off the output of the switching control circuit 15 after the lapse of the preset time. When the excess current flows after the lapse of the initial preset time t.sub.s from turning on the power source, the excess current detection circuit 26 detects it so that the output of the switching control circuit 15 is turned off.

Abstract: A multifunctional printer includes a printing portion for printing data on a print medium, a read head for reading data on a read medium, and an enclosed medium carrying passage. The printing portion comprises an electrophotographic record portion. The enclosed medium carrying passage is disposed so as to surround the printing portion and is capable of transferring both the print medium and the read medium. A reversing portion is disposed on the enclosed medium carrying passage to turn the medium upside down. With the arrangement of this multifunctional printer, it is possible to perform double-sided printing on the printed medium and to perform double-sided reading on the read medium. It is also possible to make a multifunctional small-sized printer.

Abstract: A pipe connecting structure is constituted by a milk tap having an aperture to be aligned with a corresponding opening arranged at the top of a milk delivery pipe, and a slide valve for opening and closing said aperture, and a plug-in metal fitting removably fitted to said milk tap and including an elbow pipe. The slide valve includes a slide valve carriage having a substantially circular valve sliding hole and transversal collar insertion holes disposed along the lateral sides of the valve sliding hole, a pair of guide pins projecting outwardly from the bottoms of the respective collar insertion holes, a pair of guides projecting outwardly in a direction opposite to that of the guide pins, a pair of holders for slidably holding the guides collars with tapered leading ends fitted to the respective guide pins of the valve carriage, and coil springs arranged between the collars and the bottoms of the collar insertion holes.