Abstract: The invention relates to compositions suitable as additive packages for lubricants and other functional fluids, the composition comprising sulfur-containing extreme pressure components, phosphorus-containing anti-wear additives, a triazole-containing species. A preferred use is in industrial gear oils. In embodiments, enhance protection in the areas of bearing wear and micropitting are obtained.

Abstract: A grease composition containing a polymer with (a) monomers (i) at least one unsaturated ?,?-carboxylic acid ester containing an alkyl group with about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms; and (ii) at least one unsaturated ?,?-carboxylic acid ester containing an alkyl group with about 4 to about 11 carbon atoms different from monomer (i); and (iii) at least one unsaturated dicarboxylic acid anhydride or derivatives thereof; and (iv) optionally at least one unsaturated ?,?-carboxylic acid ester containing an alkyl group with about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and optionally (b) at least one non-monomeric amine with primary functionality, secondary functionality or mixtures thereof; and optionally (c) other performance additives; and (d) at least one thickening agent, and (e) an oil of lubricating viscosity. The invention further relates to the process to make the composition and its use in greases.

Abstract: A method for determining a condition of a highly resistive fluid in transportation and industrial equipment. The method is suitable for determining the condition of a non-aqueous fluid including applying a high-frequency voltage signal between electrodes immersed in the fluid, measuring the fluid's response to the applied signal and determining a fluid property, and comparing the magnitude of the determined property, relative to the magnitude of that property when the fluid is fresh.

Abstract: An oil-in-water emulsion composition remover is disclosed. The compositions comprise a solvent, water and a surfactant. The removers are useful in removing non-aqueous and aqueous coatings, waxes, greases, and the like, from substrates to which the coatings, waxes, greases, and the like, have been applied.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the total base number of a used lubricant from an open, all loss, lubricating system. An AC voltage signal is applied between electrodes immersed in the used lubricant and a used-lubricant dependent response to the applied signal measured. The used lubricant base number is determined from the response. To allow for changes in the fresh lubricant inputted to the open lubricating system, the method and apparatus can have means for determining properties of the fresh lubricant needed to determine the total base number of used lubricant. To allow for possible contamination of the used lubricant, the method and apparatus can have means for determining the concentration of contamination and for determining properties of the contaminant needed to determine the total base number of used lubricant.

Abstract: A coating for sensor transducers that transmit a signal to—and/or receive a signal from—a fluid, either liquid or gas, in contact with the transducer. In particular the coating minimizes or eliminates fouling of the transducer surface by the fluid, reducing the need for transducer maintenance, while not interfering with the transducer's ability to send and/or receive signals.

Abstract: A mixture of fatty acid esters of ethoxylated alkylglucosides of formula I is useful as a refatting agent in cosmetic formulations.

Abstract: A method for determining a fuel-dilution condition of a lubricant used in transportation and industrial equipment. The method uses apparatus that applies a high frequency and optionally a low frequency oscillating signal to electrodes immersed in the fluid and quantifies fluid response to the signals. Apparatus can further include means to control the lubricant temperature, or a temperature sensor to monitor the lubricant temperature at the electrodes. The method monitors response of the lubricant to the applied electrical signals and determines ratios of lubricant properties. The high-frequency lubricant property ratio or change of high frequency lubricant property as a function of a lubricant use-measure is compared to a predicted ratio based on lubricant use and an estimate of the lubricant's fuel dilution determined. The optional low-frequency lubricant property ratio is compared to thresholds to determine when the lubricant loses the ability to control fuel dilution.

Abstract: A water-in-oil emulsion composition is disclosed. The composition contains (A) a solvent, (B) water, and (C) a surfactant. This composition is suitable for removing non-aqueous coatings such as paints and the like as well as waxes and greases from substrates.

Abstract: A structured fluid composition comprising: (a) a low refractive index liquid; (b) particles including light absorbing charged particles such as pigments, non-light absorbing uncharged particles such as teflon, silica, alumina and combinations thereof; and (c) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a charging agent, a surfactant, a flocculating agent, a polymer, and combination thereof; for use in a TIR electronic display. The inventive composition improves the long-term stability, response time and visible appearance of image displays which electrophoretically frustrate total internal reflection (TIR).

Abstract: A structured fluid composition comprising: (a) a low refractive index liquid; (b) particles including light absorbing charged particles such as pigments, non-light absorbing uncharged particles such as teflon, silica, alumina and combinations thereof; and (c) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a charging agent, a surfactant, a flocculating agent, a polymer, and combination thereof; for use in a TIR electronic display. The inventive composition improves the long-term stability, response time and visible appearance of image displays which electrophoretically frustrate total internal reflection (TIR).

Abstract: The invention provides an amphiphilic compound suitable for oil-in-water systems. The amphiphilic compound contains: (a) a lipophilic component that is hydrocarbon group containing about 20 or more carbon atoms; (b) a hydrophilic component selected from (i) a monomer or an oligomer of an oxyalkylene group containing 2 or more carbon atoms; (ii) a monomer or an oligomer of an oxyalkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms; (iii) an oligiomer containing: (1) an oxyalkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms; (2) an oxyalkylene group containing 2 or more carbon atoms, provided component (2) is different from component (1); (iv) a hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxyamino group; (v) a polyhydric alcohol group; and (vi) a polyamino group; and (c) a linker covalently bonding the hydrophilic component and the lipophilic component, wherein the hydrophilic component is present in an amount sufficient to at least partially disperse the amphiphilic compound in water.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing the level of pollutants in the exhaust of a diesel engine, comprising: operating said diesel engine using as the fuel a water-diesel fuel emulsion; and contacting the exhaust gas from said diesel engine with an oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: An apparatus for on-line optical monitoring of the quality and/or chemical condition of a fluid; in particular, a hydrocarbon-based fluid used in transportation and industrial applications. The apparatus includes an IR-transparent internal-reflectance-element (IRE) that has at least one essentially flat surface and at least one convex surface, and at least two IR light paths of uniquely determined central-frequency and bandwidth with light from a source entering a flat surface of the IRE, internally reflecting at least once from at least one convex surface of the IRE that can contact a fluid, exiting a flat surface of the IRE, and being received at a detector. The apparatus also includes electronics to power the source and receive output from the detector of each light path. The apparatus can be controlled to independently monitor the IR light reflected within the IRE at the uniquely determined frequency of each path, and to communicate information relevant to the IR light detected.

Abstract: A fluid additive delivery system includes a container for a fluid additive gel. The container has one or more openings to allow contact of the fluid with the gel to cause one or more additive components in the gel to be released into the fluid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for reducing the level of pollutants in the exhaust of an engine, comprising: operating the engine using as the fuel a water fuel emulsion; and contacting the exhaust gas from the engine with an oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel emulsified composition comprising (a) major amount of an aqueous phase, (b) a minor amount of an organic phase and (c) a minor but effective amount of at least one emulsifier to emulsify the aqueous and organic phase resulting in a water in oil emulsified lubricants, in particular an emulsified greases. Further, the present invention provides a process for making the emulsified compositions.

Abstract: A novel crosslinked emulsifier is employed to produce a stable aqueous hydrocarbon fuel emulsion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, (A) an antiwear improving amount of at least one molybdenum containing composition, (B) at least one phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure agent, and (C) at least one dispersant, provided that the lubricating composition is free of polysulfurized olefins. The lubricating compositions have improved antiwear properties. When the lubricating composition is used in a manual transmission, the amount of brass wear is reduced.