Abstract: The inline coaxial balun fed cornu flared horn antenna is formed by transitioning a coaxial transmission line to a parallel-plate transmission line with a Klopfenstein impedance profile and terminating with a flared horn antenna based on a scaled cornu spiral. The cornu spiral is a mathematical plane curve formed by parametrically plotting the scaled cosine Fresnel integral versus the scaled sine Fresnel integral. The antenna has the property that the curvature of the flare increases linearly in proportion to the arc length of the flare. The Klopfenstein impedance profile of the inline balun ensures a low voltage reflection across a wide bandwidth with a minimum transition length and together with the cornu flare satisfies the requirements for a wideband design.

Abstract: An ozone detector in the form of two basic embodiments which can measure ozone concentration in ambient air at 0.001-1 ppm. The first embodiment includes a stretched elastic material and a standard which can give ozone concentration in response to degree of microcracking or frosting of the elastic material. The second embodiment includes a chamber containing a long strip of elastic material wound on a spool, a small amount of manganese dioxide in the chamber to neutralize any ozone therein so that the ozone does not attack and frost the elastic material, a take-up spool mounted away from the chamber and adapted to wind the material from the chamber, a component for stretching the material, a light source for generating a light beam and illuminating the film between the chamber and the take-up spool and a detector for the light beam after the light beam passes through the material.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an amplification method, an optical glass amplifier, a laser based on the amplifier and an amplification optical communication system, all based on a limited length of a single-mode glass fiber made from glass having phonon energy of less than about 350 cm.sup.-1 and doped with dysprosium. The glass includes 0.1-30 mol % germanium, 0-40 mol % arsenic, 0.01-20 mol % X, 0.01-20 mol % Y, and 0.001-2 weight % dysprosium, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of gallium, indium and mixtures thereof selenium; and wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of selenium, and mixtures of selenium and up to 50% of sulfur. The system includes a coupler, a silica-based signal fiber carrying the optical signal that is to be amplified in communication with said coupling means, a pump light source in communication with the coupler, an amplifier in communication with the coupler at one end and another silica-based fiber joined to the amplifier at its other end.

Abstract: A memory architecture for a regular array of non-volatile ferromagnetic rom access annular memory elements which can be based on the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect. A first sense row in the array connects the memory elements with strips which are staggered so that each memory element is connected through its upper surface to the memory element on one side and through the lower surface to one on the other side. Running transverse to the first sense row is a word line made up of a series of wires passing in magnetic field producing proximity to the memory elements along a column of the array and not being in electrical contact with the memory elements. The strips of the word line are staggered so they similarly produce a meandering conductive pathway through the word line from one side of the array to the other in series. The wires of the word line can pass through the open core of the annular element or the wires can pass adjacent to the memory elements.

Abstract: Carborane-silane/siloxane compounds having unsaturated organic end groups e represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein: u and x are independently selected positive integers, v and w are independently selected integers greater than or equal to zero, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, haloalkyl, haloaryl and mixtures thereof; A and E are independently selected from the group consisting of O, an aliphatic bridge, an aryl bridge and mixtures thereof; and R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 are unsubstituted or substituted vinyl or ethynyl groups.

Abstract: A carbon-based composite is made by the steps of(1) impregnating a fibrous material with a phthalonitrile thermoset polymer precursor,(2) curing the product of step (1) to form a fiber-reinforced thermoset polymer and(3) pyrolyzing the product of step (2) to form the carbon-based composite. The carbon-based composite may be made with only one cycle of the steps (1), (2), and (3).

Abstract: A means for preventing the opening of a chaff muffin upon its entry into air stream of its supersonic-velocity carrier rocket, said means comprising a longitudinal wrapping in addition to the usual circumferential wrapping.

Abstract: Ceramic structure having therein reinforcing fibers and backfilled strands s prepared by the arranging tows of fugitive and reinforcing fibers parallel to each other to form a fiber preform, contacting the preform with a matrix precursor whereby the precursor deposits around the fibers, removing the preform from the precursor wherein the fibers are coated with the precursor, drying the preform to solidify the precursor on the fibers and to convert the precursor to a matrix form, calcining the preform to convert the matrix form on the fibers to another matrix form, removing the fugitive fibers from the preform to form channels therein, backfilling the channels with a material, and hot pressing the preform for densification purposes to form the ceramic structure containing spaced fibers and spaced backfilled material strands disposed in the matrix.

Abstract: The present invention is a cyanate resin monomer having the formula:NCO--CH.sub.2 --(CF.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --OCNwhere n is an even integer from 6 to 10, inclusive.Another aspect of the invention is an essentially pure cyanate resin mono having the formula:NCO--CH.sub.2 --(CF.sub.2).sub.n --CH.sub.2 --OCNwhere n=3, 4, 6, 8, or 10. Another aspect of the invention is a prepolymer made by the process of heating a monomer of the invention to a conversion below the gel point. Another aspect of the invention is a method for depositing an interlevel dielectric resin on an integrated circuit, having the steps: (a) coating the integrated circuit with a thin film of a prepolymer made by the process of heating a monomer of the invention to below the gel point, and (b) curing the prepolymer to at least the gel point. Another aspect of the invention is a low dielectric thermoset polymer resin made from these monomers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for measuring intramolecular forces within a sample compound by providing an atomic force microscope that includes a sample support member and a cantilever. The sample support member has a plurality of protrusions, and each protrusion has an apical substrate region that has been chemically modified to have a sample compound immobilized thereon. The cantilever has a fixed end and a free end, the free end having a surface region that has been chemically modified to have a grasping compound immobilized thereon. To measure intramolecular forces within the sample compound, the relative position and orientation of the cantilever and the sample support member are controlled to select a particular protrusion and to allow a molecule of the grasping compound to bind with a molecule of the sample compound.

Abstract: A system that uses all optical elements for transmission, regeneration and reception of solitons in point-to-point, broadcast, ring and multi-user trunk type communication systems. Soliton pulses from an optical clock source are modulated by optical data pulses in an optical modulator producing a modulated channel of data pulses. Several channels are combined by an optical multiplexer into a network optical bit stream. This stream is carried by an optical fiber and one or more of optical regenerators which recover the system clock and regenerate the signal with the recovered system clock rather than just amplifying the signal. Each of the regenerators can, in addition to regenerating the data, act as part of a data drop or insert node in a ring network where the node can synchronously remove data from or insert data into the stream. Intermediate nodes can include packet drop/replace nodes if the network is a packet type network.

Abstract: An optical intensity modulator which uses a Sagnac interferometer having an electro-optic phase modulator therein. An electric modulation signal is delivered to the modulator, and the latter is selected so that the phase velocity of optical and electrical signals are comparable in it. This causes the optical signal from one interferometer arm to copropagate through the modulator with the electrical signal, increasing interaction time with it, and causes the optical signal from the other arm to counterpropagate with the electric signal, reducing interaction time. In addition to phase modulating the optical signals by the electrical signal, the electro-optic effect in the modulator phase shifts the optical signals with respect to one another, permitting them to form a non-zero interference pattern, whose intensity corresponds to the electrical signal.

Abstract: A field emitter for producing an electron beam includes at least one cold cathode unit. Each of the cold cathode units includes an emitter cone having an emitter tip and a gate spaced apart from the emitter tip for extracting electrons from the emitter tip in a propagation direction upon application of a positive dc voltage on the gate with respect to the emitter tip. The gate forms a gate cavity for propagation of the extracted electrons therethrough. Each of the cold cathode units further includes at least one lens electrode disposed further in the propagation direction from the emitter tip than the gate, the at least one lens electrode forming at least one lens cavity for propagation of the extracted electrons therethrough. The at least one lens electrode is for focusing the extracted electrons in part of the gate cavity, part of the at least one lens cavity, and part of the region therebetween.

Abstract: Hg,Tl-based superconductors are produced by HIPping. A new superconducting phase, having a double (Hg,Tl)-layer and the nominal composition:(Hg.sub.1-x Tl.sub.x).sub.2 (Ba.sub.1-a Sr.sub.a).sub.2 (Ca.sub.1-b Y.sub.b).sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.zwhere 0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.95, 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.1, 0.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.1, and z is sufficient to provide said phase with a resistive and magnetic superconducting transition of 100 K or above, can be produced. Either precursor oxides, or partially or fully reacted mixed oxides, can be used in the HIPping mixture.

Abstract: Chalcogenide glass fibers are coated with metals. The products have impro bending strength and resistance to UV, visible light, and moisture. The metal coating may be applied by any method, such as dip coating or sputtering. Typical metals include In, Sn, Bi, Pb, Tl, Zn, Cd and C.

Abstract: A stamp for transferring molecules and molecular patterns to a substrate face includes a backing and a polymeric gel bound to the backing and loaded with the a molecular species. Where the molecule to be patterned is a biomolecule, such as a protein or nucleic acid, the polymeric gel is typically a hydrogel. Exemplary hydrogels include sugar-based polyacrylates and polyacrylamides.

Abstract: An infrared fiber optic coupler and a method for making an infrared fiber optic coupler are disclosed.

Abstract: A grating sensor system for simultaneously determining strain and temperature is disclosed, which system comprises: a light source for providing a continuous broadband light; a single mode fiber coupled to the light source; a hybrid fiber grating sensor written into the single mode fiber, the sensor comprised of a long period grating having a first center wavelength and first and second fiber Bragg gratings respectively having second and third center wavelengths for respectively reflecting light therefrom at about the second and third center wavelengths, with the first center wavelength being between the second and third center wavelengths, the long period grating producing a broadband power loss around its first center wavelength, the first center wavelength shifting with strain and temperature, the sensor measuring the effect of the long period grating wavelength shift on the relative intensities of the light reflected from around the second and third wavelengths; an optical analyzer responsive to the refle

Abstract: An improved countermeasure technique for providing jamming signals against obing radar, especially COSRO (conical scan on receive only) radar. A power spectrum (or comb) is generated having specific spectral line separation over a frequency band of the expected range of scan frequencues. The line spectrum, preferably having a flat topped envelope is then swept as a unit so that all frequencies with in a range of expected scan frequencies are traversed at least once by a spectral line. The swept comb is used to modulate a repeater pulse train transmitting to a lobing radar. The sweep of the comb causes at least one spectral line to beat with the scan frequency of the radar resulting in antenna oscillation and sidelobe lockup by deception of the angle-tracking circuits of the radar.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for inspecting a base of liquid filled tank for corrosion, having (a) a housing for use in the liquid filled tank; (b) a set of one or more ultrasonic transducers mounted to the housing, for directing one or more ultrasonic pulses at the base, where the ultrasonic pulses each have a frequency selected to produce a return signal from the base, and for receiving this return signal; and (c) a data capturing system, for storing information from these return signals. Optional features include a second set of one or more ultrasonic transducers for directing one or more ultrasonic pulses at the liquid/gas interface at a frequency selected to produce a return signal from the liquid/gas interface, a data analysis system, a locomotive system, and a spatial location system.