Abstract: Tufts of bristles (3) in a brush are resiliently retractable by thrusting against a membrane (5) which is capable of resilient spot deformation, with each tuft being retractable independently from the other tufts of the brush. Tufts are retracted into the brush in order to continuously match the envelope surface (18) defined by the free ends (15) of said tufts (3) to the shape of the surface to be brushed (17), and said matching takes place without substantial difference in the force applied to the various zones of said surface by the various tufts of bristles.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an integral cylinder block, crankcase and sump structure made in two halves 1, 2. The material of the halves is chosen for lightness. The pressure pulsations in the cylinders are taken by long steel bolts 14, 15 which extend from the top of the cylinder head to a bearing structure comprising yokes (steel clamping members 8, 9 clamped together by traverse fasteners 12, 13) holding together the two main crankshaft bearing housing halves 6, 7 which are formed integrally with each half of the integral engine structure. The integral halves do not have re-entrants and can be produced simply by casting, pressing or moulding.

Abstract: This invention concerns a motorizing device for a vehicle, of the trailer category which is attached to a tractor equipped with a main engine organ. In particular, placed on said vehicle, the device includes: an auxiliary thermal engine (20), a plurality of hydraulic engines (50) respectively associated to each drive wheel of the trailer, an equal number of pumps (31) respectively connected to hydraulic engines (50) and associated to the auxiliary thermal engine. The device includes in addition a regulating element (100) which acts either on the hydraulic engines (50), or on the pumps (31), which is sensitive to the rotating speed of the main engine organ of the tractor.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical apparatus for and a method of recording or instantaneously visualizing enlarged stereoscopic images of objects.The apparatus comprises a stationary stopped down lens (1, 4) providing an enlarged image of an object (2), a first lenticular grating (3), the elementary lenses of which are positioned in the vicinity of said enlarged image, the angle of field of the lenticular grating (3) is substantially equal to the aperture angle (4') of the exit pupil of the lens viewed from the lenticular grating (3), in order to provide an instantaneous, composite, sampled image at the level of the focal plane of the first lenticular grating.According to one embodiment for instantaneous observation, the apparatus also comprises a relief reversing system (9), an observation system (10) and a beam expanding system (11).

Abstract: A hinged cover, of double wall construction, for a container. The container base is configured to carry a portable saw. This invention resides in a cover construction which permits the storage of a spare rotary saw blade. The blade is stored in such a manner that irregular random or jostling motion of the closed container, such as rough transport of the container over a period of time, cannot result in the teeth of the stored saw blade piercing or damaging the exterior wall of the cover.

Abstract: The present invention especially relates to compounds of the formula: ##STR1## in which Az is an aziridinyl radical and n is an integer from 1 to 5, a process (sic) for their preparation, and their application as anti-cancer drugs.

Abstract: A steam heated dryer of the hollow rotary drum type employed to dry paper webs of indefinite length. The steam condensate (water) is continuously removed from the lower interior portion of the drum by a siphon-like tube, the horizontal part of the condensate removal tube is stationary with respect to the rotating drum and its separate, angled input end spaced from the drum interior wall. The input end executes limited angular motion, so as to follow the mass of the condensate which rises slightly up the sides of the drum upon drum rotation. A bellows expansion joint is carried by the condensate removal tube. The condensate removal tube is supported by one or more spider supports, the spider supports formed of a heat resistant elastomer or resin, the spider support carrying a self-lubricating bearing ring which receives the condensate tube. Damage due to vibration is reduced.

Abstract: Transducers 16 detect local vibration of the engine and the signals therefrom can be compared using coherence or correlation functions in the region of the knock frequency to ascertain if the source of the vibrations is the same, indicating knock, or different, indicating random vibration. Two transducers spaced apart can be used, or one can measure cylinder pressure. Alternatively, one sensor could be used, using two signals delayed with respect to each other in time.

Abstract: A single facer machine of the vacuum or fingerless type for making a corrugated paperboard laminate. A new means for applying vacuum to the paperboard on the second corrugator roll. The second corrugator roll is provided with axially spaced circumferential grooves, the grooves being deeper than the flutes on the roll. Each groove is provided with a vacuum finger, coupled to a source of vacuum, each vacuum finger being curved at its intake mouth which sealingly engages the sides of its respective groove to supply vacuum thereto. The angular extent of the curved intake mouth is supplementary to the angular extent of engagement of the corrugated paperboard with the second corrugator roll.

Abstract: A leak detector has a gas probe 1 for sensing signal gas escaping from an enclosure containing that gas at a pressure slightly in excess of ambient surrounded by a curtain of barrier gas. The reading of a gas analyzer such as a mass spectrometer depends on the height of the probe from the surface. A height sensor is attached to the leak detector and a programmable amplifier 6 contains information on the characteristic curve of the gas sensor. An output signal from the programmable amplifier compensates for the height of the probe from the surface being detected. The speed of the leak detector can be corrected for in the same way.

Abstract: The leak detector comprises an annular chamber 11 which leads to a circumferential orifice 14 which in turn leads to an annular duct 21 which is symmetrical about the axis of the detector. Barrier gas is fed to the annular chamber 11, for example from an annular chamber 18 and emerges from the opening 20 to form a substantially laminar flow. Leaks are detected by means of a signal gas within an enclosure at a pressure slightly in excess of ambient, and the signal gas is detected from leaks via a probe 2 which is connected for example to a mass spectrometer. The curtain 1 is stable and enables uneven surfaces to be tracked.

Abstract: A leak detector comprises a detector head which is to be scanned across a surface to detect a signal gas eminating from the surface. The opposite side of the surface from the head is supplied with a signal gas under pressure so that signal gas passes through leaks in the surface. Detection of signal gas by the head should then constitute detection of a leak. A curtain 1 of barrier gas is provided around a sample inlet 2 to protect the inlet from spurious signal gas. Orifices 36 provide narrow high velocity jets 38 which impinge on the surface S within curtain 1 and break up jets such as 34 of signal gas which escape under the curtain 1 without allowing the signal gas to reach the sample inlet.

Abstract: A lane marker for a road is defined by a generally convex strip formed, for example, from an asphalt slurry. The marker strip is placed on the road surface as by extrusion, the strip then compacted and provided with a reflective coating such as a light colored paint carrying glass particles. The coating may cover the entire strip, or may be defined by two parallel stripes. Rain drainage grooves also reflectively coated may be provided, the grooves extending across the marker strip. The marker strip exhibits particular utility during normal rainfall at night hours.

Abstract: An electric motor construction particularly for subway train electric motors which utilize fan induced air cooling to cool the motor windings. The invention exhibits utility in saving power to drive the fan. The fan is coupled to the motor armature by a fluid coupling. The fluid coupling is so constructed that at relatively high temperatures the torque delivered to the fan by the motor armature does not increase proportionally or correspondingly as at relatively low rotor speeds. On one embodiment, a fluid coupling utilizing variation of shear liquid viscosity with both temperature and shear rate is employed. In a second embodiment, the amount of fluid in the fluid coupling is varied with variations in temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydrokinetic injector, particularly for balneotherapeutic applications. It comprises a cylindrical pipe (10) of substantially circular internal section, a first end (12) of which is equipped with means of connection to a water supply under a pressure of about 5.10.sup.5 to about 10.sup.6 Pa; a frustoconical convergent member (18) disposed towards the second end (16) of the said pipe (10) and having a venturi coefficient substantially equal to 1.25; a cylindrical expansion chamber (20) situated immediately downstream of the said frustoconical convergent member (18) and ending in an oblong rectangular window (24) forming a second constriction of the passage section, its venturi coefficient being substantially equal to 2, and a terminal horn (26) delimiting, between the said oblong rectangular window (24) and a distal opening (28), a passage of generally pyramidal shape and of continuously and adjustably variable quadrangular section.

Abstract: A transmission system especially useful in performance saloon cars includes a simple epicyclic gear (2) between an engine (1) and a standard gearbox (MG or AG). The drive to the front axle (10) is taken from the sun gear (12). The drive to the rear axle (20) is via the gearbox from the annulus (16). The torque splits in the optimum ratio between front and rear axles for the gear selected. In first gear and top gear the front:rear torque ratios are 1:3 and 3:2 respectively.

Abstract: A motor vehicle radiator has a tubular oil cooler 12 located in its header tank defined by a plastics header tank shell 11 and a tube plate 20. Passage of oil to the oil cooler is effected through connectors 14 which include an elastomeric sealing bush 16 which is tapered internally in its undeformed state such that upon insertion of a connecting piece 15 the bush is expanded radially outwardly into sealing contact with the header tank shell.

Abstract: A cylinder head 1 has four valves 2, 4 per cylinder and the desirable arrangement whereby the sparking plug 7 electrodes are in the center of the four valves. The sparking plug 7 is housed in a tube 29 to protect it from the oil in the valve gear region of the head. By appropriate choice of dimensions, it has been found possible to operate the valves 2, 4 via rockers 9, 11 by means of a camshaft 18 located in the vee-space between the valves, while still allowing room to accommodate the sparking plug 7. A desirable compactness is thereby achieved.

Abstract: A way of enhancing spectator enjoyment of football. Each referee has a holder for the flag. When an off-side, clipping, backfield in motion, etc., is observed, the referee drops the flag to signal a rules infraction. The holder senses the removal of the flag. By virtue of a radio link, the sensing of the flag removal is relayed as to a receiving station. In turn, a signal flashes on the stadium scoreboard and on the televised transmission as viewed on a television receiver screen. By virtue of this arrangement, the spectators know that the play may be called back, even though the players themselves may not be aware that a flag has been dropped to signal a rules infraction and will continue to play.